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Biomedical subjects

R Behnia

Publications and source records attributed to R Behnia.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A comparison of general versus local anesthesia during inguinal herniorrhaphy.

The current study was done to compare the hemodynamic changes, recovery events and economic impact of elective inguinal herniorrhaphy performed with general anesthesia (GA) or regional field block (RB) in 20 patients (American Society of Anesthesiology class I). In the GA group, anesthesia was induced with thiopental and the trachea was intubated after intravenous administration of 0.08 milligrams per kilogram of vecuronium. GA was maintained with 1.2 +/- 0.25 per cent enflurane in 50 per cent nitrous oxide and oxygen, and ventilation was controlled to keep PECO2 at 36 +/- 2 millimeters of mercury. Anesthesia in the RB group was accomplished by local injection of 3.5 +/- 0.5 milligrams per kilogram of 0.5 per cent bupivacaine. In each patient, a suprasternal ultrasonic Doppler probe was used to measure cardiac output before induction of anesthesia, during and after operation. Total peripheral resistance was calculated from mean arterial pressure and cardiac output. There were no statistically significant differences between cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, total peripheral resistance and heart rate in the two groups at any time period during the study. Patients in the RB group did not require parenteral medication for relief of postoperative pain, whereas all those in the GA group did. Significant cost benefits were realized by the RB group because of elimination of general anesthetic and reduction of recovery room fees.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Metabolism of sodium nitroprusside in dogs awake and anesthetized with halothane.

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is rapidly metabolized to cyanide (CN) and thiocyanate (SCN). The authors determined the rates of CN and SCN production during SNP infusion sufficient to maintain blood pressure at 80 per cent of baseline in the dog awake and during halothane anesthesia. Each dog served as its own control. The endogenous whole-blood CN concentration was significantly lower in anesthetized dogs (0.6 nmol/ml) than awake dogs (1.8 nmol/ml). CN concentration increased similarly during SNP infusion in awake (4.5 nmol/ml) and anesthetized dogs (2.3 nmol/ml). In another group of dogs, whole-blood CN concentration decreased significantly due to halothane anesthesia. The regression coefficient was -0.21 nmol CN/ml/hr. There was no significant difference in plasma SCN concentration following infusion of SNP in both awake (33 nmol/ml) and anesthetized dogs (26 nmol/ml). The cause of this decreased blood CN concentration with or without SNP infusion during halothane anesthesia is not known.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1977

Lidocaine treatment of experimental cutaneous lesions from potassium chloride injection.

Potassium chloride (KCl) given subcutaneously in high concentrations causes necrosis of skin, possibly from vasoconstriction around the injection site. The authors studied guinea pigs given subcutaneous injections of various volumes and concentrations of KCl and observed the severity of the cutaneous lesions. In further experiments, therapeutic agents were injected subcutaneously 10 minutes after KCl infiltration. The severity of cutaneous lesions was not affected by various volumes of KCl of the same concentration, but was correlated positively with increasing concentrations of the salt when concentration was varied. Dextrose, 5%, and sodium bicarbonate, 1 M, had no effect on the cutaneous lesions caused by KCl, while hyaluronidase, 150 U/ml, lessened them. Lidocaine, 1%, a vasodilator, eliminated cutaneous lesions caused by KCl. Kcl-induced lesions may be due to vasocontriction, which can be relieved by lidocaine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Prolonged, profound hypotension produced safely with sodium nitroprusside.

Nine and one-fourth hours of profound hypotension were necessary to accomplish the successful removal of a large arteriovenous malformation from the medial portion of the dominant parietal lobe. The hypotensive agent used was sodium nitroprusside. The removal was associated with a minimal neurological deficit. This is the longest known use of sodium nitroprusside for deliberate hypotension during surgery which emphasizes the safety of this hypotensive technique, provided the total dosage of sodium nitroprusside is reasonable.

Ferricyanides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemodynamic and catecholamine responses associated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for nephrolithiasis are anesthetized and immersed in water in a semisitting position. Hypertension and tachycardia have been reported to accompany ESWL, and it was hypothesized that those problems were a result of adrenal medullary release of epinephrine or norepinephrine. Therefore, the effects of ESWL on cardiovascular variables and circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine levels in nine patients anesthetized with 1.1% isoflurane in 50% nitrous oxide and oxygen were studied. End-tidal carbon dioxide (CO2) was maintained at 34 +/- 2 mmHg. Cardiac output (CO) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured, and total peripheral resistance (TPR) was calculated at the following time points: (1) after immersion prior to shock wave therapy (control); (2) after 300 shocks; (3) after 800 shocks; and (4) 5 minutes after the completion of ESWL with the patient still immersed. Circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were determined at the above times as well as before and after induction of anesthesia but prior to immersion. There was a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) decrease in CO and an increase (p less than 0.05) in MAP and TPR with ESWL treatment. These values returned to baseline levels when treatment was stopped. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine values did not change significantly throughout the study period. It was concluded that these ESWL-associated hemodynamic changes were probably not mediated via epinephrine or norepinephrine.

Adult↗