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Biomedical subjects

R Bernat

Publications and source records attributed to R Bernat.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Having diabetes without knowing it].

As part of the activities on the World Day for Diabetes in 2002, nine professors, one nurse who teaches about diabetes and 126 nursing students at University Schools of Nursing in Barcelona, Lleida, Tarragona, Tortosa and Girona, in collaboration with the Association of Diabetics in Catalonia and with the help of the Advisory Council for Diabetes in Catalonia participated in a diabetes screening campaign on the population residing in Catalonia. This campaign studied the prevalence of type two diabetes in a random sample of the Catalan population. This campaign also proposed to raise the awareness among the general population and among nursing students about the important health consequences diabetes has and to increase investigation and social support measures by nurses related to diabetes. This study checked 4083 persons and discovered 77 cases of altered blood-sugar levels among people who did not know they had diabetes. This finding means that there is a 2.2% prevalence of altered blood-sugar levels in the population who are not diagnosed diabetics. Professors and student participants all gave this experience positive marks and the students' degree of satisfaction was very high.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Histopathological changes in sympathetic ganglia of patients treated surgically for palmar-axillary hyperhidrosis. A study of 55 biopsies].

INTRODUCTION: Primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) mainly affects the sympathetic ganglia. This study aims to analyze the histopathological changes in the sympathetic ganglia of patients with PPH. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 55 tissue samples from 35 patients with PPH who underwent T2-T3 gangliectomy for definitive treatment of their disease, analyzing the presence of inflammation, chromatolysis and lipofuscin accumulation. Findings were analyzed in relation to age, compensatory sweating and type of surgery: unilateral, synchronic bilateral or sequential bilateral. RESULTS: We found inflammation in 5.5%, chromatolysis in 61.8% and lipofuscin accumulation in 41.8% of the samples. Chromatolysis and lipofuscin were found without inflammation in 32.1%. Chromatolysis and lipofuscin accumulation were each found in 60% of the samples from synchronic bilateral sympathectomies. However, those percentages decreased between the first and second sympathectomies in sequential procedures, such that chromatolysis was found in 71.4% of first-procedure samples and 42.8% of second-procedure samples; the rates for lipofuscin accumulation changed from 64.2% to 14.2%. Although findings were unrelated to age, they did correlate with compensatory sweating, which was found in 79.7% of patients undergoing synchronic bilateral sympathectomy, 78.5% of sequential bilateral sympathectomy patients and only 56.25% of unilateral sympathectomy patients. CONCLUSIONS: Neuronal death and lipofuscin accumulation unrelated to inflammation are evident in sympathetic ganglia from patients with PPH. Such changes are atypical for a group of patients whose mean age is 29 years, unless such lesions are the result of functional hyperstimulation. Surgery performed sequentially does not lead to overloading of contralateral T2-T3 ganglia; on the contrary, decreased injury is evident.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Leydig cell in idiopathic varicocele.

In a group of 31 patients with idiopathic varicocele (IV), testicular biopsy showed a decreased tubular diameter, hyperplasia in the number of Leydig's cells (LC; many with cytoplasmic vacuolization and atrophy) and a decrease in the number of positive LC in testicular tissue sections stained with the testosterone peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Similar values were seen for the testis with IV and for the contralateral testis. All of this, in addition to the lack of significant differences in the volume of cytoplasmic organelles in the LC, leads us to think that both testes are equally involved. Estradiol levels were significantly increased and testosterone, FSH and LH were normal in peripheral blood (compensated LC dysfunction).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Postpubertal cryptorchism. Morphofunctional study with special reference to Leydig's cells.

In a group of 17 patients of postpubertal age with unilateral (n = 15) or bilateral (n = 2) cryptorchism, a significant decrease in the tubular diameter was observed, in addition to Leydig cell hyperplasia (many with cytoplasm vacuolization and/or atrophy) in both the cryptorchid testes and in the contralateral scrotal testes. The number of testosterone-positive Leydig cells in testicular tissue sections, studied with peroxidase-antiperoxidase, was diminished in the cryptorchid testes, whereas in the contralateral scrotal testes it was similar to the control group. Together with normal testosterone levels and elevated luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in peripheral blood, this leads us to think of a compensated dysfunction of the Leydig cells. This possible lower testosterone production by the Leydig cells in the cryptorchid testis is not borne out morphologically, where the volume of the organelles is similar to the contralateral scrotal testes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Lung cancer and pleural effusion. Clinical significance and study of pleural metastatic locations.

We reviewed results of 78 diagnostic thoracoscopic examinations of patients with lung cancer and homolateral pleural effusion. The study stresses the main locations of pleural metastasis in cases of lung cancer and correlates these data with the pleural spread from extrathoracic primary neoplasms. Also pointed out is the operability of the present series and the different behavior in pleural metastatic spread according to the histologic type with correlation between gross appearance of the effusion and the cytology.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

The hormonal pattern in varicocele and its relationship with the findings of testicular biopsy: preliminary results.

In 26 patients with varicocele, measurements of plasma follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and oestradiol2 (E2) were made; pre-operative and post-operative sperm counts, dynamic stimulation tests with HCG and clomiphene, and testicular biopsies including light microscopy, morphometry, and ultrastructural study in 4 cases, were also performed. A correlation was found between the hormonal pattern and testicular morphology.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1981

[Hepatic cirrhosis and primary pulmonary hypertension. A case report (author's transl)].

The present report deals with the clinical history and autopsy findings of a 41 year-old male patient with hepatic cirrhosis, surgical splenorenal shunt and severe pulmonary hypertension. Since the original description of Mantz and Craige several series have been reported, both in children and in adults, of the association between pulmonary hypertension and liver disease and/or portal hypertension. However, the type of hepatic alteration associated to pulmonary hypertension and the mechanisms responsible for this association remain unclarified. In the present case prominent plexiform and/or angiomatoid lesions of the pulmonary vasculature were observed, prompting the authors to speculate on the possibility that non-identified vasoconstrictor substances might contribute to the production of morphological lesions in the arterio-venous pulmonary shunts.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Carcinoids of the first part of the duodenum.

Three cases of duodenal carcinoid tumour are described and the histology of this type of tumour is discussed. Two of the patients have been followed up for 8 years. No further complications related to the tumours have been observed.

Aged↗