Hepatic cysts detected on myocardial perfusion scintigraphy.
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Coronary Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
R Blasbalg
Publications and source records attributed to R Blasbalg.
Portal vein and its tributaries: evaluation with thin-section three-dimensional contrast-enhanced dynamic fat-suppressed MR imaging.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the visibility of the main portal vein (MPV) and its tributaries in healthy subjects at thin-section three-dimensional (3D) contrast material-enhanced dynamic fat-suppressed magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to determine whether this technique provides useful information in the evaluation of patients with cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-two patients (37 control subjects, 35 patients with cirrhosis) underwent imaging with a high-performance-gradient (25 mT/m) system. RESULTS: In the 37 subjects in the control group, the MPV was visualized in 37; splenic vein (SV), in 37; superior mesenteric vein (SMV), in 37; inferior mesenteric vein (IMV), in 35; posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal vein (PSPDV), in 35; gastrocolic trunk (GT), in 34; right gastroepiploic vein (RGEV), in 31; right colic vein, in 30; anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal vein, in 22; middle colic vein (MCV), in 29; and first jejunal vein (FJV), in 36. Satisfactory visualization (mean ratings of 2 or higher) was achieved in the MPV, SV, SMV, IMV, PSPDV, GT, RGEV, and FJV in the control group. Mean diameters of the SV, SMV, MCV, and FJV were significantly larger in the cirrhosis group than in the control group (P <.001, P <.001, P =.048, and P =.002, respectively). CONCLUSION: Thin-section 3D contrast-enhanced dynamic fat-suppressed MR imaging can facilitate precise visualization of the MPV and its tributaries. Dilatation of the tributaries may be a nonspecific secondary finding that is suggestive of cirrhosis.
Adipose Tissue↗
Extrahepatic portal vein aneurysms.
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Adult↗
Is a subset of wrist ganglia the sequela of internal derangements of the wrist joint? MR imaging findings.
PURPOSE: To determine if there is an association between wrist ganglia and internal derangements of the wrist joint by reviewing magnetic resonance (MR) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two observers retrospectively reviewed MR images of the wrist obtained in 625 patients at 1.5 T for the presence of ganglia and associated triangular fibrocartilage complex, scapholunate ligamentous, or lunotriquetral ligamentous tears that were within 3 mm of the ganglion. When available, surgery and/or pathology records were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 122 ganglia and 37 internal derangements. Of the 22 ulnar-sided ganglia, 10 (45%) demonstrated associated triangular fibrocartilage complex tears. Of the 97 radial-sided ganglia, 27 (28%) demonstrated ligamentous tears related to the site of the ganglion. The radial-sided tears involved the radial aspect of the triangular fibrocartilage complex in 12 ganglia; the scapholunate ligament, in isolation, in eight ganglia; and both the triangular fibrocartilage complex and the scapholunate ligament in six ganglia. Only one of the ganglia demonstrated an associated lunotriquetral ligamentous tear. Surgical findings confirmed the ligamentous tears in 25 patients. CONCLUSION: Wrist ganglia are associated, not infrequently, with internal derangements of the wrist.
Humans↗
Primary sclerosing cholangitis: MR imaging features.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of MR imaging features of primary sclerosing cholangitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of MR imaging findings including MR cholangiography and multiphasic contrast-enhanced dynamic sequences in 22 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. MR imaging analysis included abnormalities of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, abnormalities of liver parenchyma, changes in liver morphology, and lymphadenopathy. RESULTS: Abnormal findings of bile ducts were seen in all 22 patients; the most common finding was intrahepatic bile duct dilatation (77%), followed by intrahepatic bile duct stenosis (64%), extrahepatic bile duct wall enhancement (67%), extrahepatic bile duct wall thickening (50%), extrahepatic bile duct stenosis (50%), and intrahepatic bile duct beading (36%). Increased enhancement of the liver parenchyma on dynamic arterial-phase images, predominantly in the peripheral areas of the liver, was identified in 56% of patients. Other findings included periportal lymphadenopathy (77%), periportal high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (68%), hypertrophy of the caudate lobe (68%), and abnormal hyperintensity of the liver parenchyma on T1-weighted images (23%). CONCLUSION: On MR imaging, primary sclerosing cholangitis showed several characteristic features, including bile duct abnormalities and increased enhancement of the liver parenchyma. MR cholangiography and contrast-enhanced dynamic MR techniques are useful for revealing intra- and extrahepatic signs of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Adult↗
Pericruciate meniscal cysts arising from tears of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus: MR imaging features that simulate posterior cruciate ganglion cysts.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe MR imaging features of an unusual type of meniscal cyst arising from tears of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus in 10 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of MR examinations of the knee was performed of 10 patients (nine men, one woman; mean age, 39 years) in whom evidence of a meniscal tear and a cyst-like structure around the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was seen. RESULTS: An oval mass with low signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images posterior to the PCL, simulating a PCL ganglion cyst, was seen in all 10 patients. A tear of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus was also seen in all patients. The sites of communication between the cyst and meniscal tear were observed in sagittal MR images in eight patients. Septation within the cyst and associated joint effusion were seen in eight and four patients, respectively. Arthroscopy in eight patients and transmeniscal needle drainage in the other two patients confirmed both the meniscal tear and the pericruciate meniscal cyst. CONCLUSION: Pericruciate meniscal cysts cause fluid collections posterior to the PCL, simulating a PCL ganglion cyst. Careful analysis of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus should be performed when a cyst-like structure is seen adjacent to the PCL.
Adolescent↗
Ovarian Brenner tumors: MR imaging characteristics.
This study describes the appearance of Brenner tumors on MR imaging and compares quantitative signal intensity measurements of Brenner tumors with that of other ovarian tumors. A search of pathologic and MR records disclosed patients who had MRIs showing Brenner tumors prior to surgical excision. Patients (21) with other surgically proven ovarian masses were randomly selected for comparison. MR imaging was performed at 1.5 T with phased array multicoils and fast spin echo T2-weighted images. Region-of-interest measurements of signal intensity (SI) were made to calculate signal intensity ratios (SIR = mass SI/muscle SI). Brenner tumors showed significantly lower SIR than other tumors on T2-weighted images (p = 0.004) and similar SIR on T1-weighted images. Brenner tumors show lower signal intensity on T2-weighted images than other non-fibrous ovarian tumors. This lower signal intensity may result from the extensive fibrous content of these tumors.
Adult↗
Free MRA of the abdomen: postprocessing dynamic gadolinium-enhanced 3D axial MR images.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced whole-abdomen axial images were obtained by using a fat-suppressed, three-dimensional, breath-hold enhanced fast spoiled gradient-echo technique, configured for optimal evaluation for detection and characterization of liver lesions. We then evaluated the feasibility of using these images to reconstruct "free" abdominal magnetic resonance angiography, without additional cost or acquisition time, in 32 randomly chosen patients. The aorta, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, hepatic, splenic, and renal arteries were clearly depicted.
Abdomen↗
Detection of lipid in abdominal tissues with opposed-phase gradient-echo images at 1.5 T: techniques and diagnostic importance.
T1-weighted gradient-echo magnetic resonance images can be acquired with an echo time such that water and lipid spins are in phase or opposed phase. Observation of relative loss of signal intensity on opposed-phase images compared with that on in-phase images allows qualitative assessment of relatively small amounts of lipid in tissues. Conversely, frequency-selective fat saturation techniques are useful primarily for identifying predominantly fatty masses such as angiomyolipomas. Both in-phase and opposed-phase images should be acquired with similar parameters because unequivocal identification of lipid requires comparison with in-phase images to control for T1 and T2* effects. Opposed-phase imaging has been used to differentiate adrenal adenomas, which contain lipid, from adrenal metastases, which do not. The technique can be expanded to examine a spectrum of intraabdominal tumors and conditions that are characterized by intracellular lipid. These include hepatic steatosis, hepatocellular neoplasms, myelolipoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, angiomyolipoma, and renal cell carcinoma. In liver masses, the presence of lipid is largely restricted to primary hepatocellular tumors. Renal and adrenal masses may contain focal fat (angiomyolipomas and myelolipomas, respectively) or diffuse lipid (clear cell renal carcinomas and adenomas, respectively).
Abdomen↗