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Biomedical subjects

R Bloomfield

Publications and source records attributed to R Bloomfield.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Racial differences in perceptions concerning hypertension and its consequences.

To investigate racial differences in hypertensive patients' understanding of their disorder, we administered a questionnaire to 83 black and 260 white outpatients with the diagnosis of hypertension designated in their medical chart. No racial differences in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, age, or male/female ratio were observed. However, blacks were more likely than whites to identify renal failure as a consequence of hypertension, whereas whites were more likely to identify atherosclerosis. Blacks also were more likely than whites to accept higher diastolic blood pressures as normal (90 to 100 mm Hg versus 80 to 90 mm Hg). There was no correlation between knowledge and blood pressure. Our observations show that both racial groups are well educated about antihypertensive therapy as well as the consequences and complications of hypertension. Comprehensive treatment of hypertension should include educational strategies that are population-specific and that address ways to change disease-relevant behaviors, rather than merely identifying which behaviors to change.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1991

Human papillomavirus type 16 DNA in anal cancers from six different countries.

An association between anal squamous cell carcinoma and human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA has been documented in the UK. If HPV type 16 is an important aetiological factor in the development of this tumour it would be expected to occur in anal cancer tissues from other parts of the world. In this study a series of 173 anal squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples from five centres around the world have been examined by DNA hybridisation for HPV type 16 DNA sequences. HPV type 16 DNA was found in 50 of 173 (29%) of these. The prevalence of HPV associated anal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower in tissue from India and South Africa than in the Swiss, Polish, or Brazilian samples. HPV associated anal squamous cell carcinoma does occur in other countries and further investigations of the prevalence of these tumours in association with other HPV types are required.

Anus Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Clinical experiences with a single use Y bagless CAPD system applying a quick disconnect clamp for external occlusion.

The Single Use Y set is a disposable CAPD system that incorporates the use of a Quick Disconnect Clamp (QDC) for external occlusion. The system is designed using two types of twist lock connectology. The twist lock bag connector located at the distal end of the set is designed with a flange that provides a safety shelf for proper hand position during bag connection. The proximal patient connector on the Y set is a twist lock design requiring placement of povidone-iodine in the disinfectant chamber of the connector prior to patient connection. The Single Use Y is discarded after use.

Disposable Equipment↗
PubMed1988

Information influences the pattern of eye fixations during sentence comprehension.

How does the pattern of eye fixation vary as an informative part of a word is encountered? If the processing of information lags behind the movement of the eyes, then we should expect no variation in the pattern; but if processing is immediate, then the movements of the reader's eyes should correspond to the distribution of information being inspected. An experiment is reported which examined the ways that the text ahead of the point of current fixation can be used to guide the eyes to future fixations, by monitoring fixations during a sentence comprehension task. The patterns of eye fixations upon words with uneven distributions of information (where, for example, words predictable from the sight of their first few letters but not from their last few letters are defined as containing informative beginnings) were observed, and it was found that more and longer fixations were produced when subjects looked at the informative parts of words, particularly at the informative endings of words. The results support the suggestion that eye movements are under the moment-to-moment control of cognitive mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of doxazosin monotherapy on blood pressure and plasma lipids in patients with essential hypertension.

The efficacy and safety of doxazosin (DOX) for the treatment of hypertension was investigated. A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design was employed. A 4-week placebo runin period was followed by a 9-week double-blind period during which patients were randomly assigned to placebo or 2, 4, or 8 mg doxazosin. Blood pressures (BP) and heart rates (HR) were measured 24 hours postdose. The mean changes in standing BP (mmHg) were -6.2/-6.9 (2-mg regimen), -5.7/-5.8 (4-mg regimen), -8.5/-7.7 (8-mg regimen) for DOX patients and 0.7/-2.9 for placebo patients. The mean changes in supine BP (mmHg) were -3.2/-4.7 (2-mg regimen), -4.0/-5.1 (4-mg regimen), -4.6/-5.6 (8-mg regimen) for DOX patients and -0.5/-3.3 for placebo patients. There was no evidence of a dose-response relationship for DOX; however, DOX serum levels were linearly related to the dose. Responder rate for the combined DOX patients was 38% (32/84) and for the placebo patients 27% (8/30). HR (24 hours postdose) was not modified by DOX. Patients in the 8-mg regimen had a significantly higher gain in mean body weight (+ 1.3 +/- 0.3 kg; P less than 0.05) compared to the 2-mg regimen, 4-mg regimen, and placebo groups. Plasma norepinephrine was not significantly modified by DOX. DOX had a favorable effect on plasma lipids. DOX lowered LDL cholesterol (P less than 0.05), total cholesterol, and apoprotein B and increased HDL/(LDL + VLDL) ratio (0.05 less than or equal to P less than 0.1) compared to placebo. Dropout rate and treatment-related side effects were equally distributed among the DOX and placebo groups. No patients had the dose of medication reduced because of side effects. Three DOX patients were withdrawn because of postural dizziness.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1984

Cavernous hemangioma of the retina, cutaneous angiomas, and intracranial vascular lesion by computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

In a 32-year-old man with a right-sided retinal cavernous hemangioma and cutaneous angiomas, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of cerebrovascular lesions. This supports the inclusion of cavernous hemangioma of the retina in the established group of neuro-oculo-cutaneous phacomatoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Herpes simplex in gynecology and obstetrics.

The problems of herpes simplex in gynecology and obstetrics are reviewed. There were 40 patients showing the characteristic cellular changes of herpetic infection among the 79,357 Papanicolaou smears taken. Four patients, with cytologic evidence of herpes virus, also had cervical dysplasia. The relationship between herpes virus and dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma is discussed. The use of a properly timed Papanicolaou smear to alert the physician to the danger of an infected birth canal is described. Three cases of neonatal herpes are cited.

Adolescent↗