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Biomedical subjects

R Brachtel

Publications and source records attributed to R Brachtel.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Eye and hair pigmentation in malignant melanomas and other malignant skin tumors].

With the intent to determine whether the phenotypic appearance of individuals with skin malignancies could be differentiated from individuals without such tumors, an objective standardized analysis of 183 patients with malignant melanoma and 111 patients with basal cell epithelioma, squamous cell epithelioma and premalignant skin lesions was undertaken. Eye color and hair color were studied in addition to birthplace of the patients. 527 patients without history of tumors were utilized as controls. High risk persons are characterized by light iris colors (for the melanoma group significance of 0.05%, for other tumors significance of 0.001%) and blond or reddish blond hair (for the melanoma group significance of 0.001%). The melanoma patients originated to a greater part from regions north from their present residence (significance of 0.01%) than the group of non-melanoma patients, who originated more often from the vicinity of Maniz (50 degrees N latitude).

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Associations between atopic diseases and the polymorphic systems ABO, Kidd, Inv and red cell acid phosphatase.

In 239 German patients with atopic conditions (atopic dermatitis, hay fever, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and acute urticaria) the phenotype and gene distribution of 15 genetic blood polymorphisms (ABO, MNSs, rhesus, P, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Hp, Gc, Gm, Inv, aP, PGM1, EsD, and 6-PGD) were analyzed and compared with those in 151 selected controls (individuals clinically free of allergic conditions and without allergy in the family history). The incidence of blood group antigens A and B was somewhat higher in patients than in controls. These observations are in accordance with the results of previous studies in other populations. In addition, our observations favor the hypothesis that there are also associations between the phenotypes Jk (a-b+), Inv(1) and red cell acid phosphatase aP A and aP AP on the one hand and atopic disposition on the other. The possible reasons for these associations are discussed.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

On the incidence of blood group O and Gm(-1) phenotypes in patients with malignant melanoma.

Fifteen polymorphic systems of the blood (ABO, MNSs, Rhesus, P, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Hp, Gc, Gm, Inv, aP, PGM1, EsD, and 6-PGD) were examined in 191 unrelated male and female patients suffering from malignant melanoma. These polymorphic systems were compared with the corresponding phenotype and gene frequencies of controls from the same geographical area (Rhineland-Palatinate). The only associations discovered were the ABO and Gm polymorphisms: The incidence of O and Gm(-1) phenotypes in patients is obviously higher than in controls. These observations agree with the findings in other population samples from Germany and Bulgaria.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

On the population genetics of beta2-glycoprotein I.

Beta2-glycoprotein I typings on 152 healthy Germans and 150 patients with atopic diseases did not show any differences in the serum protein concentrations or in the phenotype and gene frequencies. Compared to these German samples, Philippinos (n = 88) as well as healthy Negroes from South Africa (n = 192) revealed statistically significant lower concentrations of this serum protein. They differ also from the Germans with regard to phenotype and gene frequencies. A most striking result was found in the comparison of healthy and leprous Negroes (n = 250) from South Africa. In these, quite different and statistically significant beta 2-Glycoprotein I concentrations, respectively, phenotype and gene frequencies were seen, which may be due to this disease. The possible reasons for these observations as well as for the observed population differences are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Psoriasis vulgaris and genetic markers.

In a sample of n = 160 nonrelated male and female patients suffering from psoriasis Vulgaris, blood serum protein, and enzyme group typings have been carried out and compared with healthy controls from the same area (Rheinland-Pfalz). Marked statistically significant differences between patients and controls were found in none of the genetic blood polymorphisms considered here. However, combining previously published data from various authors with our own, significant associations between this skin disease and genetic polymorphisms such as MN, Gc, Gm (2), red cell acid phosphatase, and red cell phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) were seen. The possible reasons for these associations are discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Local skin necroses after intramuscular injection -Experimental animal studies-.

The pathogenesis of local skin necroses after intramuscular injection of various drugs such as phenylbutazone (Embolia cutis medicamentosa, Nicolau's syndrome) is not clear. In an attempt to simulate this clinical feature experiments were performed on the rabbit ear lobe. A 20% phenylbutazone solution was injected paraarterial, intraarterial and paraarterial after perforation of the vessel. The drug produced a violent inflammation with all kinds of application. The local inflammation induced by paraarterial injection resulted in a fine scarring. Both other kinds of application produced necroses or even perforations. The histological examinations in these cases revealed massive destructions of the inner arterial wall. In control-experiments necroses or perforations were nerve observed. From these data the following conclusions on the etiology of Nicolau's syndrome can be drawn: Phenylbutazone injected into the vascular or perivascular tissue causes an obligatory inflammation. After lesion of an artery complete destruction of the vessel followed by necrosis of the skin may occur. It seems obvious that this secondary effect can not completely be avoided.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Intestinal absorption of digoxin in systemic sclerosis (author's transl)].

Gastro-intestinal absorption of digoxin was evaluated in 18 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. In 8 patients a single-dose crossover study was performed after oral and intravenous administration of 0.5 mg digoxin by comparing the aera under the eight-hour plasma concentration curve. The fraction of the dose absorbed was diminished in 4 patients to less than 55%. There was a significant positive correlation between the extent of digoxin absorption and xylose renal excretion. In addition, steady state digoxin plasma levels and 24-h urinary excretion of digoxin were determined during maintenance therapy in 12 patients. In 6 patients renal excretion of digoxin was clearly less than in normal subjects during chronic dosing of the same digoxin preparation. This finding corresponded well with digoxin plasma levels below the usual therapeutic range in most of the patients. The impaired absorption of digoxin failed to correlate with the extent of the skin manifestation or the time course of the disease while there was massive oesophageal dysfunction in most of these patients. The results suggest that an inadequate therapeutic response to cardiac glycosides in patients suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis is at least partially due to impaired digoxin absorption. Similar problems could occur in therapy of the disease itself due to insufficient enteral absorption of drugs used in treatment of systemic sclerosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Esterase D phenotypes in psoriasis vulgaris, atopic diseases and healthy controls.

Esterase D phenotypes have been determined in 162 patients with psoriasis vulgaris, 181 patients with atopic diseases and 110 healthy controls. All these samples are from the area of Rheinland-Pfalz (West Germany). The two patient samples show somewhat higher frequencies of Es D 1 and lower of Es D 2-1 phenotypes as compared to controls. These differences are, however, statistically not significant. The Es D1 frequency in controls (0.9045) is in accordance with those reported from other European populations.

Asthma↗
PubMed1976

[Embolia cutis medicamentosa (author's transl)].

A rare secondary effect of intramuscular injections is reported in three own observations: This embolia cutis medicamentosa has been relatively often found in former times as result of bismuthe and mercury injections during lues therapy and today is only occasionally found, especially after intramuscular injections of phenylbutazone-containing antirheumatics. The question is discussed whether this medicamental embolism is really due to an embolic occlusion of small skin arteries. The typical clinical picture of the infarct-resembling skin necrosis in livid skin area could also be explained by vessel necrosis or thrombosis in the site of injection itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Chronic vegetating pyodermia in cellular immune deficiency].

The simultaneous occurrence of pyoderma gangrenosum together with other diseases, most frequently ulcerative colitis, and with disorders of the humoral immune system is known. The etiology of the individual case remains nevertheless unclear in most instances. We report on an otherwise normal patient with normal immunoglobulin levels, who showed, by use of lymphocyte differentiation and functional tests, a nearly complete lack of T-cell reactivity. A substitution with transfusions of fresh blood lead to rapid healing of the clinical picture, which so far had been resistant to long term application of antibiotics, azathioprine and topical steroids. Therefore it is recommended to look for functional defects of the T-cell system as a cause of pyoderma gangrenosum.

Aged↗