Biomedical subjects

R Brandon

Publications and source records attributed to R Brandon.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1990

Molecular cloning and sequencing of an Australian isolate of proviral bovine leukaemia virus DNA: comparison with other isolates.

The molecular cloning and characterization of an EcoRI fragment, 8.26 kb in size, of an Australian isolate of bovine leukaemia virus (pBLV-A1) is described. This fragment includes most of the proviral genome as well as 340 bp of flanking bovine DNA sequence at the 5' end. Approximately 790 bp, including the 3' long terminal repeat, was missing from this clone. At the level of restriction enzyme mapping, this isolate could be distinguished from American, Belgian and Japanese isolates. DNA sequencing of the entire clone demonstrated some variation at the amino acid level between pBLV-A1 and the Japanese and Belgian isolates, particularly in the gag gene. In that gene there were 59 amino acid changes compared to the Japanese isolate and 24 compared to the Belgian isolate. The greater number in the case of the Japanese isolate was due to both single nucleotide changes and frameshift in a single region of the gene. This study also demonstrates that there are large tracts of amino acid sequence, particularly within the env and pol genes, that are highly conserved in different isolates. Some of these conserved sequences exist in regions containing epitopes important in virus infectivity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1989

Lymphosarcoma development in sheep experimentally infected with bovine leukaemia virus.

Twelve sheep were experimentally infected with a phytohemagglutinin (PHA) treated short term culture of lymphocytes from a cow naturally infected with BLV at the PL stage. Five of 12 (42%) BLV infected sheep had histologically confirmed lymphosarcoma 10-16 months after infection. The PBL's were increased to leukemic levels 3-21 weeks before death due to lymphoblastic leukemia. Lymphocyte proliferation and appearance of immature lymphocytes and lymphoblastic cells in the blood were a characteristic feature of tumour development following inoculation with an Australian strain of BLV. In contrast to a number of previous studies the peripheral lymph nodes of all infected sheep were clinically normal throughout the experimental period but at death gross tumours were evident in the mesentric lymph nodes and the heart in all cases. All the other lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidney and lung were histologically infiltrated with lymphoid tumour cells. Gross tumours were present in the abomasum (1 out of 5) in the urinary tract (2 out of 5) and in the uterus (1 out of 2). The majority of the tumour cells isolated from the various tissues were centroblastic demonstrating that the malignant leukemia in experimentally infected sheep was of a multicentric centroblastic type. The central nervous system was not involved in any case.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Integration of bovine leukaemia virus in the ovine genome.

Circulating lymphocytes and tumour cells from 12 sheep experimentally infected with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV), for periods of time varying from 9 to 48 weeks, were analysed for evidence of integrated and unintegrated provirus. Hybridization analysis demonstrated that the provirus was integrated at one or two sites in all cases. Integration was observed at different sites in the animals studied and there was no evidence of unintegrated virus molecules in infected sheep lymphocytes or tumour cells. The data obtained support a monoclonal origin of different tumours in the same sheep.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Breaking the cycle.

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Burnout, Professional↗

PubMed1988

Prediction of the duration of hospitalization in patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: use of clinical parameters.

To assess the possibility that clinical data available at the time of hospital admission for patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection could predict the length of hospitalization without antiviral therapy, the charts of all 102 patients admitted with laboratory documented respiratory syncytial virus infection during 1982 to 1985 were reviewed. Two thirds (65) of the patients remained hospitalized greater than three days. Prolonged hospitalization could have been predicted for 40 of the 65 patients (61.5%) based on the need for intubation and ventilation on admission (14 patients) or the presence of underlying cardiac or respiratory disease (28 patients). Of the infants hospitalized when they were less than 2 months of age, 40% required intubation and mechanical ventilation, although only 16% had underlying cardiac or respiratory disease. Mechanical ventilation was required at the time of admission or subsequently for 14% (5/36) of the 2- to 4-month-old infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Among the 56 patients without underlying cardiac or respiratory disease who did not require intubation at the time of admission, 25 (45%) remained hospitalized longer than three days (mean hospital stay for these 25 patients, regardless of age, was six days). Neither the respiratory rate nor the presence or absence of fever on admission was useful in predicting the likelihood of a longer hospital stay for the patients who did not require intubation. In addition, none of the initial laboratory data, including the WBC count, the percentage of band forms or polymorphonuclear leukocytes, the presence or absence of hypoxia, or the chest x-ray film findings could be correlated with a longer or shorter duration of hospitalization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Preregistration training of medical graduates in Queensland hospitals, 1977.

This paper reports a survey of the 1976 graduates of The University of Queensland Medical School which was conducted as they completed their preregistration training. Study of the residents' perceptions of the adequacy of their training during the year revealed no significant difference between hospitals in terms of training in patient management. The nonmetropolitan hospitals were rated significantly higher than the metropolitan hospitals for training in procedures.

Australia↗