PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Branson

Publications and source records attributed to R Branson.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

A pilot randomised controlled trial of eccentric exercise to prevent hamstring injuries in community-level Australian Football.

Hamstring injuries are the most common injury sustained by Australian Football players. Eccentric training has been proposed as a potential preventative strategy. This pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the effectiveness of a pre-season eccentric training program for preventing hamstring injuries at the community level of Australian Football. Seven amateur clubs (n=220 players) were recruited. Players were randomised within clubs to the intervention (eccentric exercise) or control (stretching) groups and randomisation was stratified according to previous history of hamstring injury. Five exercise sessions were completed over a 12-week period, three during the pre-season and two during the first 6 weeks of the season. Compliance was recorded and players were monitored for the season to collect injury and participation data. There was no difference between the control (n=106) or intervention (n=114) groups with respect to baseline characteristics. Only 46.8% of all players completed at least two program sessions. Compliance was poorest for the intervention group. Intention-to-treat analysis suggested that players in the intervention group were not at reduced risk of hamstring injury (RR 1.2, 95% CI: 0.5, 2.8). When only control and intervention group players who participated in at least the first two sessions were analysed, 4.0% of intervention and 13.2% of control group players sustained a hamstring injury (RR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1, 1.4; p=0.098). The findings suggest that a simple program of eccentric exercise could reduce the incidence of hamstring injuries in Australian Football but widespread implementation of this program is not likely because of poor compliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

High-frequency ventilation design and equipment issues.

Various technical approaches to high-frequency ventilation are available. Of these, HFOV is used most commonly. As high-frequency ventilation becomes increasingly used in the care of adult patients, the technical issues related to this therapy will become increasingly important.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A feasibility study of chiropractic spinal manipulation versus sham spinal manipulation for chronic otitis media with effusion in children.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric otitis media with effusion is a common and costly condition. Although chiropractors have anecdotally claimed success in treating otitis media, there is little research to support their claims. OBJECTIVE: A pilot study was undertaken for the purpose of assessing the feasibility of conducting a full-scale randomized clinical trial investigating the efficacy of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) for children with chronic otitis media with effusion. METHODS: This study was a prospective, parallel-group, observer-blinded, randomized feasibility study. Twenty-two patients, ages 6 months to 6 years, received either active chiropractic SMT or placebo chiropractic SMT. Otoscopy and tympanometry were used to create a middle ear status profile, and daily diaries were collected. RESULTS: Five newspaper advertisements over 6 months generated 105 responses. Twenty patients subsequently qualified and were randomized into the study. Collection of tympanometric and otoscopic data proved to be challenging. Compliance with the treatment and evaluation protocols and daily diaries was excellent. There were no reports of serious side effects as a result of either the active or placebo chiropractic treatments. CONCLUSION: Recruitment for a randomized controlled trial is feasible and could be enhanced by medical collaboration. Patients and parents are able and willing to participate in a study comparing active SMT and placebo SMT. Parents were extremely compliant with the daily diaries, suggesting that similar quality-of-life and functional status measures can be successfully used in a larger trial. We found the objective outcomes assessment involving tympanometry and otoscopy extremely challenging and should be performed by experienced examiners in future studies.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Mechanical ventilation during air medical transport: techniques and devices.

The use of transport ventilators during air medical transport is influenced by the patient's needs, the experience of the transport crew, and the type of aircraft used. It is important to note that no single transport ventilator is suitable for all situations. Both environmental and operational attributes need to be considered when making a purchase. Hidden among these is the cost. When all of these considerations are balanced, the transport ventilator can be both practical and beneficial for patient care.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1988

Pressure flow characteristics of commonly used heat-moisture exchangers.

Heat-moisture exchangers or "artificial noses" are commonly used to humidify the inspired air in intubated or tracheostomized patients. These devices add resistance to breathing that may be significant in critically ill and weak patients, especially when the devices are humidified. Three of each six commonly used types (Portex, SH 150, SH 151, NCC, Engström, and PaII) were tested to define the pressure flow characteristics. Known flows were passed through these devices, and the pressure drops across them were measured. The devices were tested when they were dry and when they were humidified with 100% saturated water vapor for 8, 16, and 24 h. The amount of water added to the devices was measured. The pressure flow characteristics of the devices could be described by a power function: P = aVb, where P is pressure, V is flow, and a and b are constants determined by the characteristics of the devices. In addition, the resistance increased with the increasing weight of the devices from added moisture clogging the pores of the felt pads contained inside.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1984

Use of high frequency jet ventilation during mechanical hyperventilation to reduce intracranial pressure in patients with multiple organ system injury.

Eleven patients with multiple organ system injury, including significant closed head injury, all required positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) for treatment of their pulmonary pathological condition. Additionally, the need for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring had previously been established on clinical evaluation by the Neurosurgery Service. Seven of the 11 patients met the criteria for invasive hemodynamic monitoring. Hemodynamic monitoring data are supplied for these 7 patients. All patients, after the initial institution of conventional means of hyperventilation, were transitioned to high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) to evaluate the effects of HFJV during mechanical hyperventilation. There was a statistically significant decrease in ICP (mean decrease of 7.2 mm Hg). There was also a statistically significant fall in PaO2 from 131 to 101 torr. This was not associated with an appreciable decrease in oxygen delivery. There was no change in cardiac output or intrapulmonary shunt fraction. It is concluded that successful control of ICP was possible in all cases without impairment of cardiac output, oxygen delivery, or cerebral perfusion pressure, even when the pulmonary abnormality required the use of PEEP.

Adolescent↗