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R Brunner

Publications and source records attributed to R Brunner.

149 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual visual evoked potentials in patients with age-related macular degeneration.

Among a series of patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), a few individuals could be identified showing larger amplitudes of pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (prVEP) after stimulation of a central 3 degrees field compared to stimulation of a 13 degrees field although in the majority of ARMD patients and in normals, VEP amplitudes increased with increasing field size. An analysis of prVEPs recorded after stimulation of different macular zones showed that the 3 degrees central area and the perifoveal zone contributed differently to the 13 degrees response or macular response. Perifoveal activity in this subgroup of ARMD patients seemed to mask the foveal contribution to the macular prVEP. The cortical magnification factor in ARMD may be higher than in normal controls. Small-field stimulation techniques are therefore also recommended in patients with central retinal pathology.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early detection of psychotic disorders in adolescents: specificity of basic symptoms in psychiatric patient samples.

Based on the results of adult studies that have shown a subgroup of basic symptoms to have a predictive value for later schizophrenic disorder, a cross-sectional study on 36 schizophrenic and 75 nonschizophrenic adolescent psychiatric inpatients was performed to elucidate the specificity of prodromal signs in early age groups. The occurrence of any single basic symptom does not show schizophrenic specificity in adolescents, but the number of basic symptoms in the categories of the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms is increased in schizophrenic patients compared with subjects with other diagnoses. The interrelation between minus symptoms and cognitive symptoms exerts a higher amount of cognitive disturbances given a certain level of irritation in schizophrenic adolescents. With the help of odds ratios, the seven most discriminating cognitive items could be elucidated including perception, information processing and action tendency.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

P-glycoprotein and MRP1 expression in axillary lymph node metastases of breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Only little information on the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and MRP1 in metastases of breast carcinomas is currently available. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of these two proteins in axillary lymph node metastases of breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We determined the expression of P-gp and MRP1 in axillary lymph node metastases of 63 breast cancer patients and, in 32 patients, compared this expression to the expression of corresponding primary tumors. P-gp was detected by means of C219 and Ab-2 monoclonal antibodies, and MRP1 by means of the MRPr1 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: In lymph node metastases, P-gp expression was positive, usually at low levels, in 28 (44%) specimens whilst MRP1 expression was positive in all specimens with low, intermediate and high levels in 3 (5%), 46 (73%) and 14 (22%) specimens, respectively. The percentage of P-gp expression was slightly lower in lymph nodes than in primary tumors while MRP1 expression showed a higher staining intensity in lymph nodes than in their corresponding primary tumors. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that both P-gp and MRP1 are frequently expressed in lymph node metastases of breast cancer patients and that MRP1 expression is more pronounced in lymph node metastases than in corresponding primary tumors.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of a stiff and a spring-type ankle-foot orthosis to improve gait in spastic hemiplegic children.

The effect of two different types of functional ankle-foot orthosis on the gait of patients with spastic hemiplegia was studied. A gap was cut into the conventional stiff orthosis to allow a limited dorsiflexion of 10-15 degrees, while plantarflexion was blocked (spring type). This gap was bridged by an aluminum bar to stiffen the orthosis for the experiment. Fourteen patients of different ages (6.5-20.1 years) walked barefoot and with the orthosis, once springy and once stiff. Kinetics and kinematics were analyzed. Gait was significantly improved into normal pattern by using any type of ankle-foot orthosis. While walking barefoot with a toe-heel-toe gait, the physiological heel-toe gait was restored with any type of orthosis. The spring type of orthosis was significantly superior to the stiff orthosis. This was most clearly expressed in the general parameters of gait-like cadence, velocity, and step length. Kinetic data gave a significant improvement by using any ankle-foot orthosis. Whereas break force was similar with both types, push-off was further improved with the spring type. Kinematics revealed little statistical difference between the two types, although gait was more dynamic and physiological with the spring type of orthosis. Any functional ankle-foot orthosis ameliorates the gait pattern in patients with spastic hemiplegia, but a spring type of orthosis renders the gait more dynamic and best corrects the pathology of gait.

Adolescent↗