PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Budden

Publications and source records attributed to R Budden.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Studies on the pharmacodynamic activity of several drug solvents. 1st communication: Diethyleneglycol monoethylether, N,N-diethylacetamide, dimethylsufoxide (author's transl)].

The drug solvents diethyleneglycol monoethylether (Transcutol), N,N-diethylacetamide, and dimethylsulfoxide were examined for their pharmacodynamic properties in the following tests: i.p. toxicity, "sign pattern", inclined screen test, balance rod test, and potentiation of hexobarbitone sleeping time in mice, spasmolytic activity in the guinea pig isolated ileum, and cardiovascular studies in anaesthetized rats, cats and dogs including the i.v. toxicity. Except for the cat, N,N-diethylacetamide exhibited the highest toxicity; this solvent, too, was particularly potent in inducing behavioural changes and in potentiating hexobarbitone sleeping time. In the isolated ileum the solvents showed unspecific spasmolytic activities with histamine, carbachol, or BaCl2 as spasmogens. After i.v. administration in rats, cats, and dogs the solvents caused cardiovascular effects even in very low doses. Based on the pharmacodynamic properties doses are recommended for each solvent which should not be exceeded without control experiments in the laboratory routine. These tolerable doses do not only depend on the species but also on the test concerned.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1978

[Studies on the pharmacodynamic activity of several drug solvents. 2. Glycerin, N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-lactamide, polyethylene glycol 400].

The drug solvents glycerin, N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-lactamide, and polyethylene glycol 400 (Lutrol 9) were examined for their pharmacodynamic properties in the following tests: i.p. toxicity, "sign pattern", inclined screen test, balance rod test, and potentiation of hexobarbitone sleeping time in mice, spasmolytic activity in the guinea pig isolated ileum, and cardiovascular studies in anaesthetized rats, cats, and dogs including the i.v. toxicity. In mice and rats glycerin exhibited the highest tocicity as well as the greatest activity in potentiating hexobarbitone sleeping time. In the isolated ileum the solvents showed unspecific spasmolytic activities with histamine, carbachol, and BaCl2 as spasmogens. After i.v. administration in rats, cats, and dogs the solvents caused cardiovascular effects even in very low doses. Based on the pharmacodynamic properties, doses are recommended for each solvent which should not be exceeded without control experiments in the laboratory routine. These tolerable doses do not only depend on the species but also on the test concerned.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Studies on the parmacodynamic activity of several drug solvents. 3. 1,2-Propanediol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol-polyethylene glycol ether (THFP), olyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (PSM)].

The drug solvents 1,2-propanediol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol polyethylene glycolether (THFP, Tetraglycol), and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (PSM, Tween 80) were examined for their pharmacodynamic properties in the following tests: i.p. toxicity, "sign pattern", inclined screen test, balance rod test, and potentiation of hexobarbitone sleeping time in mice, spasmolytic activity in the guinea pig isolated ileum, and cardiovascular studies in anaesthetized rats, cats, and dogs including the i.v. toxicity. The solvents showed only small differences in their toxicity in the mouse and rat; PSM, however, was more toxic than 1,2-propanediol and THFP in the cat and dogs. The latter solvent, on the other hand, was the most potent in inducing behavioural changes and in potentiating hexobarbitone sleeping time. In the isolated ileum the solvents showed different spasmolytic potencies, depending on whether histamine, carbachol or BaCl2 was used as a spasmogen. The spasmolytic activity of 1,2-propanediol and THFP is classified as unspecific, whereas PSM seemed to have a specific anticholinergic pattern in the isolated ileum. After i.v. administration in rats, cats, and dogs the solvents caused cardiovascular effects even in very low doses. Based on the pharmacodynamic properties, doses are recommended for each solvent which should not be exceeded without control experiments in the laboratory routine. These tolerable doses do not only depend on the species but also on the test concerned.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma concentrations of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide in healthy children, adolescents, and young adults: effect of age and gender.

Children with congenital heart disease need adequate diagnostic classification regarding their cardiovascular status (CVS). N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) plasma concentration indicates dysfunction of the cardiovascular system and guides decisions concerning treatment and prognosis. Reference values are established for adults, with age-dependent increasing values and higher values in women. To avoid misclassification concerning the CVS, a large group of healthy children and adolescents can be used show the relationship between gender, age, and N-BNP and these can serve as reference values. N-BNP was measured in 434 healthy subjects (240 female and 194 male) with ages ranging from 0 to 32 years without any cardiovascular disease or renal or hepatic impairment. Measurements were performed with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay from Roche Diagnostics. Mean N-BNP decreased from 12.6 fmol/ml (0-9 years; n = 79) to 9.41 fmol/ml (10-14 years; n = 154) and in adolescents from 6.1 (15-19 years; n = 99) to 4.8 fmol/ml (> 19 years; n = 102) in adults (p < 0.05). Mean N-BNP concerning gender did not differ in any age group younger than 19 years. In contrast, the adult female group had 78% higher N-BNP compared to the male group (p < 0.05). There was a significant peak in N-BNP at the age of 12-14 years. This study shows that reference values for N-BNP differed profoundly in children compared to adults and were up to 260% higher in children without any gender difference. Therefore, these reference values will help to avoid CVS misclassification in children for the biomarker N-BNP.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the effect of dopamine and other catecholamines on the electrocardiogram and blood pressure of rats by means of on-line biosignal processing.

We compared the effects of dopamine and other catecholamines under identical conditions on electrocardiograms (ECG), heart rate, and blood pressure of rats. The experiments were carried out on anesthetized male Wistar rats weighting 330-370 g. The ECG was taken by a bipolar ECG lead in the direction of the heart axis, mean arterial pressure was measured in the carotid artery. Dopamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline, isoproterenol, and isotonic saline (control) were administered by continuous intravenous infusion. The infusion rate was increased 10-fold every 10 min starting with therapeutic dosages. All data were evaluated by continuous on-line biosignal processing. The results confirmed the well-known cardiovascular effects of the catecholamines; heart rate and mean arterial pressure increased after all adrenergic drugs except for isoproterenol, which caused a fall in pressure. In the ECG the PRc interval was significantly increased only by the highest doses of adrenaline and noradrenaline. A widening of the QRS complex was not observed during dopamine infusion, whereas it was present during adrenaline, noradrenaline, and especially, isoproterenol infusions. Taking the widening of QRS as indicative of cardiotoxic drug effects, the tested catecholamines may be arranged in the following order of cardiotoxicity; dopamine > adrenaline congruent to noradrenaline < isoproterenol.

Animals↗