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Biomedical subjects

R Buzzi

Publications and source records attributed to R Buzzi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Total hip prosthesis according to Charnley. Review of our cases].

This is a follow-up study of 363 Charnley hip replacements out of 548 implanted from 1970 to June 1984. Clinical results, with a 2-year minimum follow-up (average 5 years, maximum 15 years) are excellent or good in 89.5% of the cases. In the group with minimum 5-year follow-up (average 7, maximum 15 years) the clinical results remain good to excellent in 89.2% of the cases. Radiographic results have been studied in the group with minimum 5-year follow-up. Component stability or radiographic loosening have been studied, taking into account the presence of radiolucent lines between bone and cement, between metal and cement, or based on component migration or positional shift. We have detected radiographic loosening in 11.5% of the acetabular and 13.5% of the femoral components. A correlation was sought between radiographic loosening and some clinical (diagnosis, weight, follow-up period) and radiographic (postoperative component position, polyethylene wear, cement technique, periosteal reaction, myositis ossificans) parameters. There is no strong relationship between radiographic loosening and clinical results, as 28 of 35 radiographically loose prostheses maintained excellent or good results. Finally, the results of a selected group of 29 hips, with a minimum follow-up of 10 years, is reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Accuracy in high tibial osteotomy in varus gonarthrosis].

We have verified our technical accuracy in a series of 72 high tibial osteotomies for medical gonarthrosis, which were operated following Install's technique. An acceptable alignment (6 degrees-15 degrees valgus) was achieved in 83% of the cases; a loss of correction during the healing phase was detected in 10% of the knees. We have modified some details of the previously employed technique in order to improve accuracy. The leg alignment is determined on 30 x 90 cm standing radiographs, defining the mechanical axes; we aim at 4 degrees of valgus. A guide is employed to determine the width of the wedge of bone to be removed. The osteotomy is fixed by means of two screws and wire; the fixation obtained is stable enough to allow early weigh bearing and range of motion. With these modifications we have been able to improve technical accuracy and we have rendered the postoperative course more acceptable to the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Transversal fracture of the patella: experimental evaluation of the Lotke and Ecker method of internal fixation].

Four different methods of internal fixation of transverse fractures of the patella were experimentally evaluated in eight cadaver knees: circumferential wiring, tension band cerclage, cerclage over Kirschner wires and the Lotke's method. Linear and angular displacements were accurately measured by means of a micrometer while actively extending the knee from 90 degrees of flexion to full extension. Circumferential wiring gave the highest displacements, up to 25 mm at 30 degrees of flexion on average. Tension band cerclage showed much better results but the greatest stability was obtained with the cerclage over Kirschner wires and with the Lotke's technique which yielded displacements of less than 1 mm. These last two methods combine the tension band principle and transosseous fixation, which are both essential to obtain a stable fixation.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Patellofemoral functional results and complications with the posterior stabilized total condylar knee prosthesis.

The authors reviewed 73 knee arthoplasties performed with the Posterior Stabilized Total Condylar prosthesis, with an average follow-up period of 5.5 years. The function of the patellofemoral articulation was specifically analyzed. Patients with documented or suspected tibiofemoral problems were excluded. Using the Hospital for Special Surgery knee rating system, 48 knees (66%) had excellent, 20 had good (27%), and 5 (7%) had fair results. Patients with unilateral disease were able to negotiate stairs and transfer normally in 64% and 100% of the cases, respectively. The most frequent patellofemoral problem was impingement (21%), but reoperation was needed in only one patient. Stress fracture of the patella and subluxation were rare. A medial tilt of the patella on the axial view had no apparent ill effect. The patella was lowered 12 mm on average as a consequence of the standard bone resection sequence and insertion of the tibial component. The patella was significantly lower in patients with impingement than in normal joints. Routine complete patellofemoral resurfacing is advised in total knee joint arthroplasty. Complications are infrequent with appropriate prosthetic design and due technical care.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Posteriorly stabilised total-condylar knee replacement. Three to eight years' follow-up of 85 knees.

We have reviewed 85 knees in 71 patients after total-condylar posteriorly stabilised (Insall-Burstein) knee replacement with an average follow-up of five years. Excellent or good results were obtained in 90% with an average maximum flexion of 98 degrees. The four poor results (5%) included two with deep infection, one with patellar dislocation and one with loosening. Four other knees (5%) showed signs of probable tibial loosening, but the patients were asymptomatic, the clinical results had not deteriorated with time and lucent lines had not progressed. Varus alignment of the knee and a varus tilt of more than 2 degrees of the tibial component correlated with the incidence of lucent lines around the tibial implant. No patellar stress fractures were seen but impingement symptoms were present in 20%, although they were troublesome in less than half of them. The virtue of the prosthesis lies in its versatility for use in the severely deformed joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

High tibial osteotomy in the treatment of arthritic varus knee. A medium term (small) review of 61 cases.

Sixty-one valgizing high tibial osteotomies performed according to the Insall method between 1975 and 1982 were reviewed; follow-up ranged from a minimum of 4 years to a maximum of 11, with an average of 7.5 years. The stage of preoperative osteoarthritis, evaluated according to Ahlbacks's classification, never exceeded Grade 3 (obliteration of the joint space and slight bone erosion). Preoperative varus never exceeded 10 degrees. The clinical results, evaluated on the score-form used at the Hospital for Special Surgery, were satisfactory in 48 cases (79% of the total) and unsatisfactory in 13 (21%). The success rate decreased to 65% in cases with a follow-up exceeding 10 years. There was frequently some loss of radiographic correction between the postoperative and follow-up values, but this was significant in only 9 cases where it exceeded 5 degrees. The arthritis was radiographically progressive in 22 cases, 18 of which were from the satisfactory group (excellent and good) and 4 from the unsatisfactory group (fair and poor). This positive evaluation of the results, even if they tended to deteriorate over a period of time, show that high valgizing tibial osteotomy is an effective operation, particularly when performed in knees without severe deformity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

An analysis of the survival rate of total-condylar total knee prostheses with posterior stability.

Survival rate tables are an adequate and relatively new means of evaluating prostheses of the knee. These tables may be used to make a clear distinction between success and failure. In a study of 160 prostheses followed-up over a period of 9 years, a Total-Condylar knee prosthesis with posterior stability has a 90% probability of surviving for the entire period, based on mechanical and radiological failures, and a 96% probability based on failures that required its removal. The probability of mechanical or radiological failure is 1% per annum.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rapid information processing and concomitant event-related brain potentials in smokers differing in CO absorption.

The present study relates subject-paced rapid information processing to different components of event-related brain potentials in an attempt to gain more information about changes in mental performance in relation to alveolar smoke absorption as assessed by expired air CO measurement. The task consisted in the presentation of pseudorandom sequences of single digits, and the subjects had to respond to each sequence of three odd or three even digits. The triplets evoked a typical late negativity in the event-related potential between the second and third digit as well as a P300 component following the third digit. In 21 smokers, task performance, event-related potentials and tidal air CO concentration were measured before and after smoking a cigarette. The results revealed increases in performance and P300 magnitude from pre- to postsmoking which were unaffected by the amount of CO absorption. A differential trend was seen, however, with the late negativity, which increased from pre- to postsmoking only in subjects with a large amount of CO absorption. The results support the assumption of the distraction arousal model used as an interpretation of these effects on contingent negative variation and suggest that high CO absorbing smokers possibly depend more on neuropharmacological effects of smoking than smokers with a low amount of CO absorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Correction of valgus knee deformity with a supracondylar V osteotomy.

Valgus deformities at the knee can be successfully corrected with V-shaped supracondylar osteotomy. The advantages of this relatively simple technique are low morbidity, good stability with early weight-bearing, no need for internal fixation, and ability to adjust alignment with postoperative cast. Healing is relatively rapid (two months), and the range of motion returns (two months after cast removal) to preoperative values. This technique proved useful for deformities in both young and old patients with osteoarthritis. This is a preliminary report of the surgical technique, postoperative management, and short-term results of a prospectively evaluated series of 14 consecutive cases.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed1986

Psychophysiological reactivity in type A and B women during a rapid information processing task.

Type A and Type B women assessed by a newly developed German questionnaire 'need for control' (NC) were compared with respect to time-pressured information processing performance and to simultaneously recorded psychophysiological reactivity. The task was computer controlled, monetarily reinforced and subject paced. The physiological measurements included the cardiovascular parameters, ECG and finger plethysmographic amplitudes and the noncardiovascular parameters, EMG (frontal muscle), skin conductance reactivity, and respiration. NC-Type A and Type B women did not differ in performance, but the Type As showed stronger vasoconstrictive responses to the task than did the Type Bs. Other physiological intergroup differences were not seen. In addition, the Type As scored significantly higher in nervousness and irritability and marginally higher in depression, reactive aggressivity and neuroticism than did the Type Bs. This particular pattern of NC-Type A/B differences is discussed with regard to relevant differences observed by other studies between SI and JAS Type As and Bs.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Psychophysiological reactivity in relation to type A behavior].

This relationship was examined in 77 healthy men. Stress reactivity in the 26 Type A was not more increased than in the 12 Type B men for the cardiovascular variables (heart rate, pulse transit time, finger vasoconstriction and blood pressure), but for body movement, EMG, respiration frequency. Body movement and EMG were the best predictable physiological variables for the Type A behavior pattern, and this mainly in the two speech tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of different cigarette smoke yields on puffing and inhalation: is the measurement of inhalation volumes relevant for smoke absorption?

Puffing patterns (number of puffs, puff volume, puff duration, puff interval, peak pressure, peak flow, peak latency), respiratory smoke inhalation (postpuff inspiratory latency, volume and time and postpuff expiratory volume and time), and the pre- to postsmoking boost of tidal air CO concentration were analyzed in 117 regular smokers. They smoked both a cigarette of the habitual brand and a second cigarette of a brand with about 40 to 50% lower machine standard smoke yields and the most similar taste quality. The pre- to postsmoking CO boost remained unrelated to the smoke deliveries of the cigarettes in both comparisons (interindividual and switching). Estimated mouth intake of nicotine was strongly dependent on the smoke yield variables of the cigarettes but remained uncorrelated with CO absorption. The discrepancy between mouth smoke intake and alveolar smoke absorption could not be explained by the volumes or durations of the postpuff respiratory cycle. Multiple regression analyses suggested differential modes of control for the daily number of cigarettes smoked, for the patterns of puffing, for respiratory inhalation, and finally for alveolar CO absorption. The results are discussed in relation to the dynamics of puffing and inhalation and their possible relevance for tobacco-related diseases.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Effect of coffee on the speed of subject-paced information processing.

A continuously subject-paced and monetarily reinforced information-processing task was used to test whether caffeine might stimulate performance beyond the ceiling imposed by fatigue. A 3 X 2 design was adopted with the three doses 0, 150, and 450 mg caffeine and with decaffeinated coffee and fruit juice as vehicles. Two groups of 10 subjects selected to represent extremes on the extraversion-introversion scale participated in the experiment. The results revealed no differences between the two groups nor between the two drug vehicles, but caffeine at both dose levels improved performance significantly. Fatigue-induced performance decrements across the sessions reached significance, but no interaction was obtained between fatigue and drug action, supporting the view that caffeine can improve performance beyond a mere restoration of fatigue.

Caffeine↗
PubMed1986

Total condylar knee prosthesis with posterior stability. A mid-term follow-up of 74 cases with severe deformity.

The midterm results of 74 posterior stability total condylar prostheses were studied (average follow-up 3 1/2 years). The average age of the patients was 65 years with a predilection for females (73%). The most frequent diagnosis was osteoarthritis (70%) followed by rheumatoid arthritis (28%): in 20% of the cases previous operations had been performed. Most of the patients had severe deformity which was not susceptible to other surgical treatment. The most frequent deformity was varus (average 13 degrees), followed by valgus (average 25 degrees), and flexion contracture (average 37 degrees). Bone defect in the tibia requiring surgical treatment were present in 18% of the cases. The most frequent general complication was pulmonary embolism (5%), which was never fatal; minor complications related to wound healing were observed in 17.5% of the cases. The results, evaluated with a numerical recording form devised by the Hospital for Special Surgery (New York) were: excellent 72%, good 21%, fair 4%, poor 3%. Of the 4 fair results, one had lateral laxity following lysis for valgus knee, one had loosening of the tibial component, and one had painful patellar clicks. Painless, small patellar clicks were observed in 4 other patients. The two poor results were due to low-grade infection and detachment of both components. Seventy per cent of the knees had normal or almost normal function with maximum flexion averaging 100 degrees. In 78% of the cases a study of the cement-bone interface revealed either no radiotranslucent line or present in only one area of the tibia. Radiotranslucent lines around the femoral or patellar component was rare and of no clinical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Results of arthroscopic meniscectomy.

The results of 100 arthroscopic partial meniscectomies are reported. Hospitalisation was on average 1.5 days; return to work 3 weeks and to sports activities 7 weeks. This is particularly rewarding for the patient. The results were excellent or good in 87% of cases. In 10 of the 13 unsatisfactory results there was associated chronic anterior laxity. Its prior evaluation by dynamic tests is therefore particularly important. The duration of symptoms and site and type of lesion had no bearing on the final result. Less satisfactory results were recorded in subjects with quadriceps wasting exceeding 2 On the basis of this and other reported series arthroscopic partial meniscectomy has proved effective in the mid-term assessment. It is still too early to draw definitive conclusions on the long-term results, but the conservative nature of this technique leads us to predict better long-term results than those obtained with traditional total meniscectomy.

Adolescent↗