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Biomedical subjects

R C Cutlip

Publications and source records attributed to R C Cutlip.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Immunodiffusion test for ovine progressive pneumonia.

An agar gel immunodiffusion test was developed to detect precipitating antibody against ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) virus. The test was conducted in plastic petri dishes containing 6 ml of 1% purified agar in tris buffer and 8% sodium chloride. Wells for serum and antigen were 8 mm in diameter and were cut in a hexagonal pattern 3 cm from a central well. Tests were read at 24 and 48 hours. Soluble antigen for the test consisted of concentrated nutrient medium removed every 2 weeks from a cell culture persistently infected with isolate WLC 1 of OPP virus. Specificity of results was verified by testing serums from experimentally exposed sheep and appropriate controls. Two lines of precipitate formed with some serums from experimentally inoculated sheep. Serums taken soon after exposure of sheep to the virus and those taken 3 to 4 years after exposure frequently formed only 1 line of precipitate. Of 37 lambs inoculated with OPP virus, 25% of those tested were positive by postinoculation (PI) month 1, 79% of those tested were positive by PI month 3, and all of those tested were positive by PI month 6. The test appears adequate to detect exposure of sheep to OPP virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence of ovine progressive pneumonia in a sampling of cull sheep from western and midwestern United States.

Ovine progressive pneumonia was found to be prevalent in many major sheep-producing areas in the United States. The incidence was determined in a sampling of cull sheep (5 to 10 years of age) at slaughter. Diagnostic criteria were based on finding viral-specific immunoglobulins, virus, or lesions. Each method indicated a high incidence in samplings from midwestern and northwestern states and a relatively low incidence in the sampling from southwestern states. Of those sheep examined, precipitating immuno-globulin to the causal virus was seen in 1.0% to 67.5%, virus was isolated from the lungs of 0% to 46.2%, and lymphoid hyperplasia was seen in the lungs of 0% to 38.5%. The most common lesions in the lungs (from which virus was isolated) were multiple lymphoid nodules and increased fibromuscular tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pathogenicity of field isolants of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus for neonatal pigs.

The pathogenicity of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus isolated from the brain of each of 5 pigs with clinical signs and microscopic lesions of encephalomyelitis (1 pig from each of 5 naturally infected herbs) was tested under experimental conditions. Each isolant was administered intranasally to 5 neonatal pigs. Clinically affected pigs developed either an acute or chronic form of illness, commencing 4 to 8 days after exposure. Listless, inappetence, and vomiting were clinical signs common to both forms. Additional signs of the acute form were paddling, muscle tremors, and hyperesthesia. Additional signs of the chronic form were loss of condition and either loss of weight or failure to gain weight at a rate similar to nonaffected littermates.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Isolation and characterization of a virus associated with progressive pneumonia (maedi) of sheep.

A virus with growth and morphologic characteristics of progressive pneumonia (maedi-visna) virus was isolated from the lungs of sheep with typical clinical and postmortem changes of chronic progressive pneumonia. The virus grew slowly in cultures of embryonic ovine lung cells, causing syncytial formation and degeneration. Syncytia developed much slower and involved fewer cells than reported for other similar viruses isolated from sheep. As seen with the electron microscope, the virus reproduced by budding from cell surfaces. Two types of virions were seen-a large particle (120 to 140 nm) with an electron-lucent center and dense laminated outer rim, and a small particle (80 to 110 nm) with an electron-dense core surrounded by a single membrane. Viral structures and fragments similar to the large extracellular particles were seen in the cytoplasm of a few cells. These characteristics are reported for other viruses isolated from sheep with progressive pneumonia.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Reproductive disease experimentally induced by exposing pregnant gilts to porcine parvovirus.

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) was administered intravenously or intranasally and orally between the 22nd and the 81st days of gestation to 20 pregnant gilts that were free of hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody for PPV. Gilts were exposed to 1 or both of 2 strains (NADL-7, NADL-2) of PPV and were killed 21 or more days later. Fetal and maternal fluids and tissues collected at necropsy were tested for PPV, viral antigen, and HI antibody. Transplacental infection occurred with 11 of 12 gilts given the mixture of strains NADL-7 and NADL-2 and with the 1 gilt given strain NADL-7 alone, but not with any of the 7 gilts given strain NADL-2 alone. The 8 noninfected litters were comprised of 74 fetuses of which 73 were alive and 1 was dead. The 12 infected litters were comprised of 91 fetuses of which 62 were alive (31 infected) and 29 were dead (26 infected). Virus was isolated from all of the 57 infected fetuses. Viral antigen was detected in tissues of 50 fetuses, including 5 live fetuses and 24 dead fetuses that were laden with antigen. All dead fetuses with a high concentration of viral antigen in their tissues were members of litters of gilts that were exposed to PPV no later than the 42nd day of gestation. Antibody was detected in serums (HI titers 10 through 1,280) of 27 of the 31 live infected fetuses and in serum (HI titer 10) of 1 fetus for which infection was not demonstrated. All serums collected from gilts at necropsy contained antibody (HI titers 320 through 2560) for PPV, but with the exception of isolating virus from 1 uterine lymph node, neither virus nor antigen was detected in maternal tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Fetal mummification associated with porcine parvovirus infection.

A crossbred gilt farrowed 2 mummified fetuses at term, but subsequently developed uterine inertia and became listless. The remaining 5 fetuses of the litter (4 mummified and 1 normal appearing) were collected by hysterectomy. Porcine parvovirus (PPV) was isolated from tissues of the mummified fetuses, and masses of viral antigen were detected throughout the same tissues when cryostat sections were examined by immunofluorescence microscopy. Serum from the normal-appearing fetus of this litter had a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer for PPV of 320. The finding of antibody (HI titer of 1,280) in serum collected from the gilt on the day of farrowing, but not in serum collected 67 days before, indicated initial exposure to PPV during gestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

An epornitic of fatal chlamydiosis (ornithosis) in South Carolina turkeys.

An unusual epornitic of fatal chlamydiosis occurred in a flock of 10,283 domestic turkeys in South Carolina. Total mortality over a 2-week period was 483 birds (4.7% of the flock). The principal gross lesion was severe pericarditis, but there was little or no airsacculitis, an observation at variance with many previous reports of chlamydiosis. Furthermore, an unusually heavy infestation of the turkeys with sanguivorous black flies (Simulium slossonae and S congareenarum) was observed at the time of the epornitic, an occurrence that may have permitted rapid transmission of chlamydiae between turkeys in the affected flock. The strains of Chlamydia psittaci isolated from naturally infected turkeys caused pericarditis and heptopathy as well as occasional airsacculitis, with a 41% mortality in intravenously (IV) inoculated turkeys. Turkeys inoculated intramuscularly (IM) or intraperitoneally (IP) did not die; however, airsacculitis was observed in more than 85% of turkeys inoculated intraperitoneally or exposed to infection by pen contact with inoculated turkeys. The strain was highly infectious but not lethal by the latter method of transmission. The strain was similar to other virulent chlamydiae isolated from turkeys, in that small numbers of the organism caused fatal infection in guinea pigs when inoculated IP.

Air Sacs↗
PubMed1975

Pathogenesis of in utero infection: experimental infection of five-week-old porcine fetuses with porcine parvovirus.

Injection of porcine parvovirus (PPV) into the allantoic fluid of 3 or 4 fetuses of each of 4 litters of PPV-immune gilts early in gestation (34 to 36 days) resulted in fetal maceration and mummification. A high concentration of virus demonstrated in many tissues of fetuses collected 1 week after initial intraallantoic exposure indicated extensive viral replication. Progressively lesser amounts of virus were isolated from tissues of macerated and mummified fetuses collected after longer intervals; however, direct examination of many of the same tissues by immunofluorescence microscopy revealed masses of viral antigen throughout. Abortion was not a sequela of infection of fetuses of immune gilts nor was either virus or viral antigen ever demonstrated in maternal tissues, including those contiguous with infected fetuses. Intrauterine transmission of PPV from fetuses exposed by intraallantoic injection of virus was only confirmed for 2 of the 18 littermate controls that were tested.

Allantois↗
PubMed1975

Experimentally induced infection of neonatal swine with porcine parvovirus.

One-day-old pigs were exposed to porcine parvovirus (PPV) and killed at postinoculation day (PID) 3 or 7. Signs of illness and lesions were not seen. Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies for PPV were present in the serums of pigs killed on PID 7. As detected by viral isolation and immunofluorescence, PPV was mainly located in rapidly proliferating tissues. Heaviest concentration of viral antigen was in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and lightest concentration of antigen was in the central nervous system.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1975

Age of cattle as related to resistance to infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.

Two 1-month-old calves, four 9-month old calves, and 4 adult (5 to 11 years old) cattle were exposed to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. At 150 days after exposure, all cattle were killed and necropsied, and at that time, tissues of the 1-month-old calves had more bacilli and lesions than did tissues of the 9-month-old calves or the adult cattle. All cattle responded to immunologic tests during the experiment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Pathogenesis of in utero infection: experimental infection of eight- and ten-week-old porcine fetuses with porcine parvovirus.

Selected numbers of fetuses in each of 4 pregnant gilts were exposed to a porcine parvovirus by injecting the virus into the allantoic fluid at gestation day 56 or 70. The fetuses were examined on postexposure day 7 or 14. When pregnancy was terminated, 2 of 15 exposed fetuses were dead. Several fetuses tested at post-exposure day 14 had hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to porcine parvovirus. Virus was detected most frequently and in highest concentration in the parenchymatous organs of thorax and abdomen of fetuses exposed on gestation day 56. A small amount of antigen was in neurons and capillary endothelium of cerebral and cerebellar cortexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lesions and pathogenesis of disease in young calves experimentally induced by a bovine adenovirus type 5 isolated from a calf with weak calf syndrome.

Lesions induced in each of 9 young colostrum-deprived calves closely resembled lesions seen in naturally occurring "weak calf syndrome" of eastern Idaho and southwestern Montana. The disease was experimentally induced by intravenous injection of bovine adenovirus type 5 that had been isolated from a calf with weak calf syndrome...

Adenoviridae↗