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Biomedical subjects

R C Jung

Publications and source records attributed to R C Jung.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Incidence and mortality of adult respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective analysis from a large metropolitan hospital.

We examined the incidence and mortality of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients receiving emergency medical care at a large metropolitan medical center. The patients were classified into eight high-risk categories and monitored prospectively until discharge or death. Over a period of 12 months, 11,112 such patients entered the emergency room. Of 4926 who were admitted to the hospital acutely ill, 90 (2%) developed ARDS. Thirty-six percent of these survived. ARDS occurred in 25% of patients admitted with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and mortality in these patients was 86%. Aspiration pneumonia was the primary cause of ARDS in 37% of the patients, who also had a similar mortality rate (85%). Mortality was also high in patients with multisystem organ failure or with ARDS and disseminated intravascular coagulation. These results indicate that there probably is a relatively low incidence of ARDS among hospital patients admitted with high-risk diagnoses.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Estimation of theophylline clearance during intravenous aminophylline infusions.

The utility of predicting theophylline clearance (CL) from two serum concentrations obtained during continuous intravenous aminophylline infusion was examined in 16 stable, adult patients. Blood for theophylline measurement was obtained 0, 6, and 12 h after starting infusions and, thereafter, at 12-h intervals. EMIT was used to assay samples in multiple runs as they were obtained. Later, each sample was reassayed by EMIT within a single run. Bayesian least-squares regression and the algebraic method of Chiou were used to predict CL using the 0,6 and 0,12 h concentrations. "Actual" CL was measured by nonlinear least-squares regression of all concentrations obtained during prolonged infusions. Prediction bias and precision were assessed by calculating mean percent error (PCE) and mean absolute percent error (APCE), respectively. A three-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to examine the effect of the method of CL prediction, assay procedure, and time interval between samples on PCE and APCE. Bayesian predictions were less biased and slightly more precise than Chiou predictions. The assay procedure had no effect on bias but precision was improved using a single-assay run. Predictions were less biased and more precise with 0,12 h versus 0,6 h data. Serum samples for theophylline measurement should be obtained after initiating constant intravenous aminophylline and again 8-12 h later in stable, adult patients. Prediction of CL with either of the concentration-based methods studied will then allow safe and rapid adjustment of dosage to achieve therapeutic serum concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Chordoid sarcoma (extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma).

Evaluation of a series of 12 chordoid sarcomas suggests that there is a wider range of histological features in this entity then previously appreciated. Six of the lesions had a typical tumor cell organization and a mixture of cellular and myxoid stromal components, while the remaining cases were atypical because of a more solid growth pattern. Four of the 12 cases, that included both typically myxoid and more cellular examples, had small foci with hyalinized stroma segragating individual or small groups of tumor cells with and without lacunar spaces. Two atypical cases revealed more extensive and obvious chondrocytic differentiation in recurrent or metastatic lesions and in one of these, the histological pattern was that of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Ultrastructural examination of three cases revealed fine structural features of both the tumor cell population and extracellular matrix compatible with chondrocytic differentiation. Results of light and electron microscopy of this series of chordoid sarcoma add further support for categorizing this tumor with other malignant chondrocytic neoplasms. It is probable that chordoid sarcoma and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma represent the same entity and that this lesion has a close histogenetic relationship to mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Racemose cysticercus in human brain. A case report.

A case of invasion of the brain of a 48-year-old man, a native of Louisiana, by a larval tapeworm is described. Inasmuch as there were no scolices or rostellar hooks present the parasite was identified as a racemose cysticercus which could be either a sterile coenurus of Taenia multiceps (= Multiceps multiceps), Taenia serialis (= Multiceps serialis), or an aberrant cysticercus of Taenia solium or of a different species of Taenia. Most of the parasite was removed surgically with a preoperative diagnosis of brain tumor. After operation the patient improved, and 32 months after onset of his illness he was working and showed no evidence of a recurrence.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

Superior vena cava syndrome due to a retained central venous pressure catheter.

A 70-year-old man had the superior vena cava syndrome. At thoracotomy a retained central venous pressure line was found to be the cause of venous thrombosis at the outlet of the superior vena cava into the right atrium. A retained central venous pressure catheter and catheter-induced venous thrombosis should be added to the list of causes of the benign form of the superior vena cava syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Smoke, burns, and the natural history of inhalation injury in fire victims: a correlation of experimental and clinical data.

Mortality and morbidity in fire victims is largely a function of injury due to heat and/or smoke. While degree and area of burn together constitute a reliable numerical measure of cutaneous injury due to heat, as yet no satisfactory measure of inhalation injury has been developed. In this study, with fluid resuscitation and pulmonary infection eliminated as variables, dose-response curves were constructed as a measure of inhalation injury by exposing burned and unburned animals to smoke of constant temperature and toxicity under conditions similar to the fire situation. In these animals, the natural history of inhalation injury: 1) proved to be a relatively simple function of smoke and burn dosage; 2) appeared to simulate and therefore aid interpretation of the inhalation injury syndromes seen in human fire victims; 3) indicated that within limits [COHgb] measured immediately after injury was directly proportional to, and might prove to be a clinically valuable measure of, absorbed dose of smoke. While fluid resuscitation and pulmonary contamination with bacterial pathogens may be eliminated experimentally, such is not the case with the vast majority of fire victims admitted to burn services with associated inhalation injury. Fluid resuscitation and inhalation of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa aerosol were therefore included serially in a study of animals with inhalation injury and burns large enough to require fluid resuscitation. In these animals it was demonstrated that: 1) pulmonary edema occurred in association with too little rather than too much fluid therapy; 2) after aerosol inoculation, fatal bacterial pneumonia was difficult to produce when inhalation injury was associated with no or only small burns, but common when associated with no or only small burns, but common when associated with a burn large enough to require fluid resuscitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Respiratory tract burns after aspiration of hot coffee.

We present the fingings in a patient with acute thermal burn to the upper and lower airway who developed mucosal edema followed by patchy areas of granuloma-like lesions in the trachea and bronchi. A four-month follow-up showed resolution of the gross lesions, but functional alterations remained. This patient illustrates the necessity for repeated direct observation and functional evaluation of the lower airway folllowing thermal injury, which can be a life-threatening disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of intestinal parasitic disease.

Although improved sanitation in the United States has resulted in a general diminution in the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections, some, such as enterobiasis, are not reduced by improved environmental or water sanitation and others, such as amebiasis and hookworm infection, persist in foci. Other infections, notably giardiasis, have increased due to the travels of American tourists in other countries where environmental sanitation is poor. North American physicians, therefore, may expect at some time to have to treat parasitic infections. Favored chemotherapeutic agents currently are: for amebiasis--metronidazole and diiodohydroxyquin; for giardiasis--metronidazole; for tapeworm infections--niclosamide; for enterobiasis--pyrantel pamoate, piperazine citrate, or pyrvinium pamoate; for ascariasis--piperazine citrate; for stronglyoidiasis--thiabendazole; for trichuriasis--mebendazole; for hookworm infection--pyrantel pamoate; for schistosomiasis japonica--tartar emetic; and for schistosomiasis mansoni--niridazole.

Amebiasis↗