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Biomedical subjects

R C Rinaldi

Publications and source records attributed to R C Rinaldi.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Childhood immunizations and the Vaccines for Children program.

The use of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases is a hallmark of modern preventive medicine and public health. During this century, improvements in immunization practices have dramatically reduced the number of reported cases of potentially serious diseases such as diphtheria, measles, mumps, pertussis, poliomyelitis, rubella, and tetanus. Yet, despite such reductions, outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases continue to occur. Recent outbreaks of measles and pertussis, particularly in underimmunized and unimmunized children, raise concern regarding the effectiveness of existing childhood immunization practices. Such concern is stimulating action from policymakers, physicians, and public health professionals to improve childhood immunization programs in this country. This article discusses one of these programs, the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program, which is part of a new federal initiative to improve childhood immunization levels. Enlisting the support and participation of private physicians is crucial to the success of this national immunization strategy.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Human immunodeficiency virus blood test counseling for adolescents.

Primary care physicians are increasingly being called on to provide counseling about human immunodeficiency virus blood testing to their patients. When the patient is an adolescent, special considerations arise. Risk assessment and test counseling for adolescents should be embedded in comprehensive assessment of the adolescent's health needs. The adolescent's coping ability, capacity to give informed consent, and legal status also affect the blood test counseling process. Repetition, visual demonstrations, and an assessment of the adolescent's comprehension are also important. Use of an identified support person is also recommended. Physicians should be aware of the ways in which human immunodeficiency virus blood test counseling should vary for adolescent patients.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1990

Attitudes of US primary care physicians about HIV disease and AIDS.

Telephone interviews were conducted with 500 primary care physicians, drawn from a stratified random sample of internists, family practitioners, pediatricians, general practitioners, and OB/GYN physicians. Respondents were asked to report their experience treating AIDS patients and to estimate the percentage of their patients they felt were at high risk for HIV infection. Nineteen questions designed to assess practices and attitudes towards AIDS and HIV-related issues were asked. Results suggest that physicians underestimate their patients' level of risk for HIV infection and are not taking adequate drug use and sexual histories. The level of concern for personal risk of infection was high, although a strong ethical obligation to treat HIV patients was expressed. Physicians also expressed support for mandatory reporting and contact tracing, although this diminished as contact with HIV patients increased.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Effects of media violence on children. A review of the literature.

The effects of media violence on the behavior of children are controversial. We examined and reviewed studies addressing this issue and identified many mediating variables. A small but genuine association appears to exist between media violence and aggression. However, many unanswered questions persist, and no interventions are clearly indicated.

Aggression↗
PubMed1989

HIV blood test counseling.

This manuscript provides physicians with a brief outline of pretest and posttest counseling to accompany HIV testing.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clarification and standardization of substance abuse terminology.

A four-stage Delphi survey of substance abuse experts was conducted to help achieve greater clarity and uniformity in terminology associated with alcohol and other drug-related problems. This multidisciplinary group of experts was asked to reach a consensus on alcohol and other drug-related terms and definitions. Results produced a list of 50 substance abuse terms deemed important, along with the most agreed on definition for each term.

American Medical Association↗