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Biomedical subjects

R C Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to R C Rosen.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Superiority of nonpharmacologic therapy compared to propranolol and placebo in men with mild hypertension: a randomized, prospective trial.

We compared the effects of nonpharmacologic therapy, propranolol monotherapy, and placebo on blood pressure, metabolic, exercise, and quality of life variables in a 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 79 male patients with hypertension. A significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure was observed with both nondrug therapy (-8.0 +/- 1.08 mm Hg) and propranolol (-9.5 +/- 1.46 mm Hg) compared to placebo (-0.1 +/- 2.01 mm Hg). However, only patients receiving nonpharmacologic therapy showed a reduced body mass index, lower total and low-density lipoprotein serum cholesterol levels, and increased exercise tolerance compared to both propranolol and placebo. Patients receiving propranolol felt less anxious and unsure but showed a significant decrement in nocturnal penile tumescence compared to both placebo and nondrug therapy. Patients receiving nondrug therapy felt more energetic and reported improved sexual arousal and greater sexual satisfaction after treatment. Reductions in blood pressure in the nondrug treatment group were related to both weight reduction and improved fitness. We conclude that nondrug therapy is effective in controlling blood pressure in men with mild hypertension and is associated with improvements in weight, lipoprotein levels, and exercise tolerance compared to both propranolol and placebo. Quality of life assessments further support the use of nondrug therapy in this context.

Diet, Reducing↗
PubMed1991

Beta blocker effects on heart rate during sleep: a placebo-controlled polysomnographic study with normotensive males.

Although the effect of beta blockers on heart rate (HR) at rest, during exercise, and by ambulatory electrocardiography during the day and night has been studied extensively, data on the effect of these drugs on heart rate during the various stages of sleep are not available. We performed overnight polysomnography and exercise testing in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Latin square crossover study of four beta blockers with different ancillary properties (atenolol 100 mg daily, metoprolol 100 mg, pindolol 10 mg, and propranolol 80 mg), on 30 healthy men aged 23-40 years (29.4 +/- 4.3) (mean +/- SD). At rest pindolol increased HR by 4.7 beats/min +/- 13.1 (p less than 0.05), while beta blockers without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) decreased HR (p less than 0.0001) by 6.1 +/- 8.8 (atenolol), 5.8 +/- 8.4 (propranolol), and 5.0 +/- 9.4 (metoprolol). Exercise at 125 W increased HR on placebo by 76.4 +/- 18.4 beats. Compared to placebo all beta blockers were associated with lower (p less than 0.0001) exercise HR by 18.3 +/- 23.2 atenolol, 21.1 +/- 15.5 metoprolol, 16.8 +/- 14.1 pindolol, and 20.8 +/- 13.1 propranolol [not significant (NS) among beta blockers]. Thus the effect of beta blockers on heart rate was magnified during exercise. Mean and maximum HR were higher in rapid eye movement (REM) than in nonREM (NREM) sleep (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1979

Myelogenous leukemia evolving during the course of lymphoid malignancy in children.

Two children who presented initially with a lymphoid malignancy were noted to develop recurrences with myeloid features late in the course of their disease. In both cases, evidence of lymphoid differentiation was present in the myelogenous cells that were Ph1 chromosome negative. The first patient had acute myelogenous leukemia and developed a recurrence with morphologic features of acute myelogenous leukemia. Terminal transferase was present in the myelogenous blasts. The second patient initially had a diffuse lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. During the course of her illness she developed a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by basophilic meningitis, splenomegaly, and hypereosinophilia. Lymphocyte T-cell (E-rosette) markers were present on the eosinophils. These observations lend further support to the hypothesis of varying lymphoid and myeloid differentiation in certain cases of leukemia.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

The weekend workshop for dysfunctional couples: assets and limitations.

Two major new trends are emerging in the field of sexual counseling: the use of self-help programs and the increasing reliance on group therapy to overcome specific sexual complaints. The weekend sexual enhancement workshop represents a synthesis of both trends, but efficacy regarding outcome has not been well documented. In order to investigate specific changes in sexual and marital adjustment, two intensive weekend programs were conducted. Pre- and postmeasures were obtained for both groups. Based on the results of 15 couples who displayed a diversity of sexual dysfunctions, several conclusions can be drawn. The weekend workshop format appears effective in achieving three of its four major goals: (1) Couple communication improves via the stimulus of new information, group discussion, and permission to talk sexually. Marital satisfaction increases, particularly where the history of marital conflict is not chronic. (2) Attitude change occurs, and erroneous beliefs are relinquished in the face of new input. (3) The frequency of sexual interaction increases. (4) Long-standing sexual dysfunctions are not resolved as a result of group participation and information on self-help methods alone. Finally, the role of such weekend programs in sexual counseling in discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Electroencephalographic laterality changes during human sexual orgasm.

Left and right parietal EEGs were recorded while seven subjects experienced sexual climax through self-stimulation. EEG data were quantified by continuous cumulated measurements of the integrated areas of EEG recording during successive 1-sec epochs. In eight out of 12 experiments, this measure revealed a statistically significant change in laterality. Controlled replications with two of the original subjects obviated the possibility that two potential sources of artifact (hand used for masturbation and gross body movements) accounted for the changes. While previous research has focused on vasomotor and myotonic indices of sexual response, this study demonstrates the significance of brain phenomena in sexual orgasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Genital blood flow measurement: feedback applications in sexual therapy.

Laboratory techniques are now available for measurement of both male and female genital engorgement during sexual arousal. When laboratory subjects are given information on their rate and amplitude of tumescence (biofeedback), they appear to acquire greater voluntary control of the response. Data from two experiments and a case study are presented to illustrate the application of biofeedback in both facilitation and suppression of penile responding. A PhD student is currently conducting analogous research with female subjects. Clinicians are cautioned against careless application of biofeedback techniques for the treatment of erectile inadequacies.

Arousal↗
PubMed1976

Effect of alcohol on elicited male sexual response.

Sixteen young men drunk three doses of alcohol and their sexual arousal was measured by the changes in penile diameter. The lowest alcohol dose (BAC of 0.025%) was associated with maximum penile diameter increase; marked suppression of response was found at BACs of 0.05% and above.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Group treatment format: mixed sexual dysfunctions.

This study reports the rationale and results of a ten-session group composed os six couples with mixed sexual dysfunctions. Dysfunctions included premature ejaculation, primary and situational orgasmic dysfunction, situational impotence, and incompatible sex drives. A variety of pretreatment behavioral and attitudinal measures were administered, including a Life History Questionaire, Sexual Assessment Inventory, Marital Adjustment Scale, and Sexual Interaction, orgasmic attainment, ejaculatory control, and enhanced self-acceptance, particularly for females (SII changes). The consistency between outcome measures was also a noteworthy finding. The results suggest increased use of mixed short-term groups, particularly when cost-effectiveness accountability is important. One contraindication for such groups is, however, severe marital discord, as evidenced by Locke-Wallace mean scores of 80 or less.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Voluntary control of penile tumescence.

This study investigated the voluntary control of penile tumescence in the absence of external erotic stimulation. Twelve experimental subjects were given analogue visual feedback and monetary rewards for increase in penile diameter as measured by a strain gauge. Twelve control subjects were given no analogue feedback and noncontingent rewards but the same instructions to maximize erections. While both groups were capable of voluntary penile tumescence, significantly improved performance was observed in the experimental group. Two distinct psychophysiological patterns of voluntary penile tumescence were observed. A "tension" pattern was associated with marked heart rate acceleration, irregular respiration, and variable penile response. A "relaxation" pattern was associated with stable heart rate, regular respiration, and smooth tumescence curves. In using these procedures for the treatment of sexual dysfunctions, it is suggested that feedback and reward be given for a combined pattern of sexual and autonomic responses.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adventitial cystic disease.

Adventitial cystic disease is a rare syndrome predominantly seen in young males with the acute onset of claudication. Early diagnosis and confirmation with arteriography is of utmost importance to the success of treatment. The authors present a rare case report and treatment of adventitial cystic disease.

Adult↗