Rat-bite leptospirosis.
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Animal Diseases↗
Biomedical subjects
R C Rudoy
Publications and source records attributed to R C Rudoy.
Diagnostic value of needle aspiration in Haemophilus influenzae type b cellulitis.
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Biopsy, Needle↗
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous amoxicillin in pediatric patients.
Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained from 14 infants and children receiving intravenous amoxicillin. Peak serum values increased proportionally to the increase in dose; the serum half-life was similar in the three dose groups studied.
Amoxicillin↗
Evaluation of anaerobic incubation for recovery of group A streptococci from throat cultures.
No statistical differences were found in the recovery of group A streptococci from throat culture specimens after overnight incubation of blood agar plates in 5% CO2 compared with anaerobiosis. Anaerobic incubation required many more subcultures and resulted in considerably greater technical time and expense.
Anaerobiosis↗
Cephalexin: clinical and laboratory evaluation in infants and children.
Cephalexin appears to be a highly effective antibiotic. It possesses the qualities of rapid oral absorption, production of high drug levels in the blood and urine, and near absence of side effects. It is effective against infections due to gram-positive cocci infections, with the exception of Enterococcus, and for most infections caused by E. coli and Klebsiella. It is useful in the treatment of a wide variety of infections in infants and children, and particularly valuable with susceptible infections in patients who do not require parenteral antimicrobial therapy.
Adolescent↗
Enteroinvasive and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Occurrence in acute diarrhea of infants and children.
The abilities of Escherichia coli to induce diarrhea by enterotoxin production and by intestinal cell penetration have not been explored simultaneously in children with diarrheal disease. In this study, we investigated 36 infants and children with acute diarrhea and 17 healthy controls. From each patient's rectal swab culture, E coli colonies were tested for enterotoxin production by intragastric inoculation in suckling mice and screened for cell penetration with HEp-2 cells. Colonies showing invasiveness in HEp-2 cells were further tested by inoculation into guinea pig conjunctivae. Salmonella or Shigella strains were isolated from 42% of the patients with diarrhea. Enterotoxin-producing strains of E coli were found in 86% of the diarrhea group and in 41% of controls. Strains with capability to invade epithelial cells were found in 30% of the diarrhea group and in 12% of controls. In seven patients, E coli strains demonstrated both enterotoxin production and invasiveness. In an overall view, considering Salmonella, Shigella, and enteroinvasive or enterotoxigenic E coli, a possible etiologic agent was demonstrated in 94% of infants with diarrheal disease. However, the high frequency of enterotoxigenic strains in healthy controls suggest that in some patients with diarrhea there may be a coincidental carrier state with diarrhea actually due to another cause.
Acute Disease↗
Breast abscess during the neonatal period. A review.
Thirty-nine infants ranging in age from 1 to 7 weeks had breast abscess. The lesion occurred more frequently in girls (girl/boy ratio, 1.8:1), but this was due to cases developing after 2 weeks of age. During the first two weeks, the sex incidence was equal. No bilateral lesions were recorded. Eighty-four percent of the abscesses developed during the first three weeks of life. In general, there was a lack of systemic manifestations; a body temperature of 38.3 C (101 F) or more was found in only 25.7% of the patients and constitutional signs were found in four patients. Abscess cultures were obtained in 36 cases: 32 yielded Staphylococcus aureus, two Salmonella, one Escherichia coli, and one yielded both S aureus and E coli. Of six patients available for follow-up, decreased breast tissue was noted in two.
Abscess↗
In vitro susceptibility of Shigella strains to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.
Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were tested alone and in combination against 227 recently isolated Shigella strains. Variations in medium constituents and inoculum size were used to determine the optimal testing conditions. The plate dilution method with addition of 5% lysed horse blood to the susceptibility test medium and an inoculum size of 10(2) organisms was found to provide satisfactory results. All 227 strains were inhibited by low concentrations of trimethoprim, and all were susceptible to the combination of 0.06 mug of trimethoprim per ml and 1.25 mug of sulfamethoxazole per ml. Sixteen percent of these strains were resistant to ampicillin, 33% to tetracycline, 15% to chloramphenicol, and 27% to cephalothin. Based on these in vitro observations, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole appear worth evaluating for treatment of shigellosis due to multiply antibiotic-resistant strains.
Drug Combinations↗
Vancomycin intermediate-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA).
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been an infectious disease problem since the early 1980s and until recently was uniformly susceptible to vancomycin, the drug known as the "last resort." Recent reports indicate that Staphylococcus aureus has continued to mutate and has developed intermediate resistance to vancomycin (VISA). This article lists some of the potential clinical manifestations of Staphylococcus aureus as well as a possible explanation of the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. The reported cases of VISA are reviewed, and intervention strategies for prevention and control are discussed.
DNA, Bacterial↗