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Biomedical subjects

R Caine

Publications and source records attributed to R Caine.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Perceived impact of oral health conditions among minority adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the perceived impact of oral health conditions, and the relationship of two measures of self-reported outcome, the RAND SF-36 and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), to clinical indicators of oral health among inner-city adolescents. METHODS: A convenience sample of 93 minority adolescents completed the RAND SF-36 and the OHIP and 76 of them completed a clinical dental examination assessing DMFS. RESULTS: Participants averaged 14.4 (SD = 1.2) years old; 52 percent were female; and 86 percent were African-American. The mean DMFS was 8.8 (SD = 6.3). Participants reported relatively poor general health on the SF-36 as well as poor oral health on the OHIP. None of the SF-36 subscales were significantly related to DMFS. OHIP subscales were consistently related to DMFS--those with worse oral health reported more impacts. With the exception of the bodily pain subscale of the SF-36, the SF-36 and OHIP subscales were significantly correlated with Pearson's correlations ranging from -.21 to -.57 (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Although the SF-36 and the OHIP were correlated, the OHIP appears to be more highly associated with the impacts of oral health conditions than the SF-36 among inner-city adolescents who reported low general and oral health quality of life.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1987

Essentials of monitoring the electrocardiogram.

The electrocardiogram is a useful noninvasive source of information on the various functions and dysfunctions of the heart. With it we can easily detect dysrhythmias and conduction abnormalities, anatomic orientation of the heart, hypertrophy of individual chambers, ischemia or infarction, electrolyte and chemical abnormalities, and drug toxicity. Since each abnormality produces distinctive tracings on the electrocardiogram, the nurse must be able to evaluate the patient's cardiac function when presented with clinical signs and symptoms. The ability to systematically and critically interpret electrocardiographic function should be paramount in the nurse's store of knowledge. Utilization of the electrocardiogram in conjunction with other standard and hemodynamic assessment tools will enable the nurse to perceive cardiac dysfunction, and accurately determine the clinical disorder.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1984

ST segment elevation with ventricular aneurysm: results of encircling endocardial ventriculotomy.

The ST segment elevation characteristic of ventricular aneurysm is thought to represent unmodified repolarization of the opposing wall or to arise from viable tissue at the border of the scar because of ischemia, traction or the non-uniform injury that is the architecture for ventricular tachycardia. Encircling endocardial ventriculotomy to prevent tachycardia interrupts coronary perfusion to the viable tissue bordering the scar, with noticeable loss of electrical and mechanical function. Five patients had anterior or apical aneurysms resected and encircled to treat recurrent ventricular tachycardia. ECGs were examined 49 days +/- 12 SEM post-operatively. Encircling did not eliminate their ST segment elevation. Only one patient had less ST elevation post-operatively. Thus ST elevation associated with aneurysms does not arise from viable tissue at the edge of the scar because it persists after this tissue is damaged by encircling endocardial ventriculotomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effect of procainamide on dispersion of ventricular refractoriness.

Ventricular arrhythmias after Q-T prolongation by drugs could result from a nonhomogeneous increase in refractoriness (dispersion). Dispersion of effective refractory periods (ERP) was measured before and after infusion of 1 g of procainamide using twice-threshold extrastimuli applied in sinus rhythm and with 500 ms ventricular drive cycle length at 3 right ventricular sites (2 patients) or 2 right and 1 left ventricular site (10 patients). Procainamide prolonged ERP. In drive, average ERP was 247 +/- 5 ms (standard error of the mean) before and 277 +/- 7 ms after procainamide (p less than 0.001). The Q-T interval was prolonged by 50 ms in drive (p less than 0.001), but Q-T prolongation did not reflect the increased ERP (r =-0.05). However, procainamide did not alter measured dispersion (54 +/- 16 to 44 +/- 14 ms in sinus, 48 +/- 14 to 47 +/- 13 ms in drive). Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) was induced in 6 patients in whom drive itself generally failed to reduce dispersion, and failure to induce tachycardia or shorter runs after procainamide was associated with narrowed dispersion. Polymorphic VT was not induced after procainamide in 2 patients with clinical episodes of torsades de pointes caused by type I agents. The mechanism of torsades de pointes was not explained by dispersion of refractoriness or by polymorphic VT initiated by premature beats after a type I drug.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

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Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1975

Oxalate retinopathy: an experimental model of a flecked retina.

The clinical picture resembling fundus albipunctatus was seen to develop in rabbits following subcutaneous injection with dibutyl oxalate. On histologic examination, the flecks were found to be due to intracellular accumulation of calcium oxalate in the RPE cells. The clinical and histologic features of this animal model closely resemble the recently described entity of oxalate retinopathy in humans which was seen in the presence of high circulating oxalate levels. It is suggested that the presence of metabolic disorders or toxicity which are known to cause oxalate depositions should be sought in patients with fundus albipunctatus.

Animals↗