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Biomedical subjects

R Caprioli

Publications and source records attributed to R Caprioli.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Natriuretic peptides in heart failure].

The recent discovery of cardiac endocrine function, together with the development of accurate and feasible assay methods for cardiac natriuretic hormone evaluation, i.e. for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and inactive peptide NT-proBNP have confirmed their pathophysiological and clinical significance for cardiovascular disease assessment. Concerning heart failure, their value is for diagnostic screening in selected/unselected populations, for differential diagnosis of dyspnea and for prognostic stratification, and as a guide for follow-up and treatment of patients. Recent Italian recommendations pointed out that BNP/NT-proBNP has a role in ruling-out the diagnosis of heart failure in patients with dubious signs/symptoms: plasma BNP/NT-proBNP concentrations help in the clinical evaluation of chronic heart failure patients when risk stratification is needed, whereas the routine BNP/NT-proBNP assay is still not recommended to guide therapeutic decision-making.

Heart Failure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Byciclic compounds with potential antiulcer and/or antisecretory activity. III--2-substituted tetrahydrothiazolo-[5,4-c]pyridines.

As the ultimate result of a long-term search for new bicyclic molecules potentially endowed with antiulcer and/or antisecretory activity, simple urea derivatives of 2-guanidino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine [(VIII), Fig. 1; X = 0, R = alkyl], displaying a strong inhibition of stress- and ASA-induced gastric ulcers and of basal gastric secretion, were found. Their potency does compare very favourably with that of cimetidine and ranitidine and approaches that of famotidine. On spontaneously beating guinea pig atria they behaved as inhibitors of the histamine H2-receptor. In contrast with cimetidine and ranitidine but like other recently described inhibitors (famotidine included), the most active compounds (VIII) caused a surmountable antagonism only at low concentrations and an unsurmountable antagonism at higher concentrations. The onset of action was slow, while the inhibitory effect was hardly reversed by washing. The rational development of the research and the synthetic approach, as well as a quantitative assessment of both in vitro and in vivo potencies in comparison with the best known, clinically used drugs, are shown in detail.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reverse Austin osteotomy for correction of hallux varus.

A case of hallux varus and extensus of unusual etiology and treatment is presented. Special emphasis is directed toward the angle formed between the first metatarsal base and medial cuneiform, which these investigators believe has not been previously described. The procedure performed is a reverse Austin bunionectomy with a step-by-step outline of soft tissue procedures attempted before osteotomy. The cartilage at the first metatarsal head was medially adapted and of normal structure and function preoperatively; therefore, the decision was made to perform a joint preservation procedure.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prompt diagnosis of suspected osteomyelitis by utilizing percutaneous bone culture.

The authors describe a single technique of percutaneous bone culture, performed in the doctor's office or at the patient's bedside, in patients with suspected osteomyelitis. This technique provides for definitive documentation and verification of causative organisms when radiographic and scintigraphic studies are inconclusive, and it avoids the over-utilization of potentially dangerous radioisotopes and/or antibiotics, particularly in compromised individuals. Also described is a protocol to expedite the diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis in the hospital setting when diagnostic related groups (DRG's) are in effect.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Automatic continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in cardiosurgical patients.

Intermittent substitutive treatments in severely ill patients with acute renal failure are difficult or not suitable because of technical problems and/or hemodynamic instability. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration allows an adequate, slow removal of fluid, electrolytes, and waste products by combining diffusive and convective solute transport. Eight patients with acute renal failure, after cardiovascular surgery and cardiogenic shock, were treated by continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. An automatic system (Equaline System, Amicon Division, USA) was employed. Venous accesses (femoral or subclavian) were used with double lumen catheters. A polysulfone filter (0.4 m2) was used in the study. Blood flow was 30 ml/min and dialysate flow rate 16.6 ml/min. Sterile pyrogen-free hemofiltration substitution fluid was used as dialysate. Mean duration of treatment was 10.3 +/- 3.2 days. After 72 hours blood urea nitrogen levels dropped from 136 +/- 46.13 to 53.5 +/- 12.3 mg/dl and creatinine levels dropped from 6.9 +/- 1.7 to 2.6 +/- 0.9 mg/dl. A controlled steady-state was then maintained. Mean urea clearance was 21 +/- 5.3 ml/min; mean ultrafiltration rate was 20.3 +/- 4.1 L/day. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration, with the Equaline System, is effective for the clearance of waste products and is able to maintain perfect fluid balance in catabolic patients with acute renal failure and multiple organ failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new incisional approach to the rheumatoid foot.

The authors introduce a new incisional approach to surgery of the rheumatoid foot. Advantages and disadvantages are presented. Historical comparisons are discussed, along with refinement of techniques for pan metatarsal head resection.

Adult↗