Biomedical subjects

R Carminati

Publications and source records attributed to R Carminati.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Systematic pelvic and aortic lymphadenectomy in elderly gynecologic oncologic patients.

BACKGROUND: Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is a fundamental step in the surgical management of patients with pelvic gynecologic malignancies, but its applicability to geriatric patients is controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether pelvic and aortic lymphadenectomy in elderly patients with gynecologic malignancies can be a safe procedure in terms of morbidity and mortality. METHODS: In a retrospective case-control study, the authors compared morbidity, mortality, and surgical data in a series of elderly patients (age > 70 years) with endometrial and ovarian carcinoma who underwent surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: Cases were 36 elderly patients who underwent surgery and pelvic and/or aortic lymphadenectomy and were matched with 72 controls, who were patients who underwent surgery without lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: Cases showed a significantly longer median operative time than controls (median, 162 minutes [range, 85-330 minutes] vs. median, 100 minutes [range 20-310 minutes], respectively; P = 0.003). No significant difference between the two groups in terms of blood loss, blood transfusions, intraoperative complications, duration of ileus, reintervention required, or postoperative hospital stay were observed. One patient in the control group died. The type and frequency of severe postoperative complications in the two groups were not substantially different. CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic and aortic lymphadenectomy was performed safely in elderly patients age > or = 70 years with endometrial and ovarian carcinoma without an increase in morbidity and mortality. Advanced chronologic age alone should not be considered a contraindication to full surgical treatment in these patients.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2001

Kirchhoff approximation for diffusive waves.

Quantitative measurements of diffuse media, in spectroscopic or imaging mode, rely on the generation of appropriate forward solutions, independently of the inversion scheme employed. For complex boundaries, the use of numerical methods is generally preferred due to implementation simplicity, but usually results in great computational needs, especially in three dimensions. Analytical expressions are available, but are limited to simple geometries such as a diffusive slab, a sphere or a cylinder. An analytical approximation, the Kirchhoff approximation, also called the tangent-plane method is presented for the case of diffuse light. Using this approximation, analytical solutions of the diffusion equation for arbitrary boundaries and volumes can be derived. Also, computation time is minimized since no matrix inversion is involved. The accuracy of this approximation is evaluated on comparison with results from a rigorous numerical technique calculated for an arbitrary geometry. Performance of the approximation as a function of the optical properties and the size of the medium is examined and it is demonstrated that the computation time of the direct scattering model is reduced at least by two orders of magnitude.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

Near-field spectral effects due to electromagnetic surface excitations

We demonstrate theoretically that the spectra of electromagnetic emission of surface systems can display remarkable differences in the near and the far zones. The spectral changes occur due to the loss of evanescent modes and are especially pronounced for systems which support surface waves.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

Scattering theory of Bardeen's formalism for tunneling: new approach to near-field microscopy

We propose a new theoretical approach to near-field microscopy, which allows one to deal with scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning near-field optical microscopy with a unified formalism. Under the approximation of weak tip-sample coupling, we show that Bardeen's perturbation formula, originally derived for electron tunneling, can be derived from a scattering formalism which extends its validity to electromagnetic vector fields. This result should find broad applications in near-field imaging and spectroscopy.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1998

[The coronal approach in maxillofacial surgery. Notes on the surgical anatomy].

INTRODUCTION: In the light of personal experience and of the modern advances in surgical anatomy, the surgical approach and practice in coronal access is described. For a long time this approach has been considered unusual owing to the risk of damaging the frontal branch of the facial nerve. ANATOMY: The SMAS includes the galea capitis which in temporal region is named superficial temporal fascia; under the galea there are the subaponeurotic avascular plane by Merkel and the periosteum. In the temporal space the periosteum (named temporal fascia) is composed of the superficial fold and deep fold. The frontal branch of the facial nerve lies under the superficial temporal fascia, and where it crosses the zygomatic arch is separated only by the superficial fold of the temporal fascia and by areolar tissue. SURGICAL APPROACH: The incision is made deeply to the subaponeurotic areolar tissue following, about 4 cm posterior to the hairline. The periosteum is incised at 2 cm above the superior orbital margin. Four cm above the bony lateral canthus and at 7 cm on the tangential to the zygomatic arch, the incision is made deeply to the superficial fold of the temporal fascia and the interfascial vascular fat. CONCLUSIONS: If the approach is correct, the coronal access is considered an easy and very safe way. In personal experience important complications have not been observed, while the esthetic results have been remarkable and with no visible scars.

Face↗

PubMed1997

A combined technique for correction of the prominent ear.

PURPOSE: The literature illustrates a large number of different techniques for the correction of the prominent ear, and the great variety available is indicative of how difficult it is to achieve satisfactory results in all cases. This report describes a procedure for successfully treating such patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty patients were treated with a surgical procedure creating a new anthelical plica based on the Stenström and Mustardé method and producing an anatomic cavity in the mastoid region where the concha can be repositioned according to the Furnas method. The tension of the "cartilage spring," which is a likely cause of relapse, was relieved by dissecting a triangular portion of cartilage from the root of the inferior crus. RESULTS: No major complications were observed with this technique and a good esthetic result was achieved in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: This surgical technique is suitable for correction of all cases of prominent ear.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Myositis ossificans of the pterygoid and temporal muscles with metachronous contralateral involvement].

After reviewing the literature, the authors report a case of myositis ossificans of the right pterygoid and temporalis muscles in a patient undergoing surgery to remove the left medial pterygoid muscle owing to the same pathology. The metachronous localisation in contralateral masticatory muscles compared to the primary site leads the authors to emphasize the post-traumatic and iatrogenic etiology of this rare pathology. In the light of their experience, they underline the importance of a precise diagnosis and surgical exeresis, followed by cautious rehabilitation with the least trauma, if necessary backed by appropriate medical treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Laparoscopically assisted vaginal removal of ovarian dermoid cysts.

Dermoid cysts were diagnosed by transvaginal sonography in 19 patients who subsequently underwent laparoscopy to confirm the nature and extent of the lesion and the mobility of the adnexa. Eighteen patients underwent surgery after the ovary was exteriorized through a posterior colpoceliotomy. No intraoperative complications were observed, and sonographic follow-up at 3 and 6 months after surgery showed a normal sonographic ovarian pattern. Laparoscopically assisted vaginal removal of dermoid cysts should be considered as an alternative to laparotomy and operative laparoscopy in cases when adnexal mobility is proven and vaginal extraction is feasible.

Adult↗

PubMed1980