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R Carranza

Publications and source records attributed to R Carranza.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Ciprofloxacin resistance in gram negative bacilli. Epidemiologic aspects].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present was to study the resistance to ciprofloxacin (CIP) in gram negative bacilli (April 1990-March 1992) and to determine the temporary distribution of the resistant strains by species, samples and departments. METHODS: Seven thousand four hundred seventy-eight samples were studied. The identification and determination of the sensitivity was performed by the PASCO (Difco) system. Haemophilus spp. and Campylobacter spp. were excluded from the study. The microorganisms with CIM 2 mg/l were considered as resistant (CIPr). RESULTS: Four hundred eighty-one CIPr isolations were identified (6.4%). With regard to the percentage of resistant strains, the species with the highest were: Providencia stuartii (50%); Pseudomonas cepacia (44.4%); Xanthomonas maltophilia (26.9%); Acinetobacter baumannii (25.8%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16%); Citrobacter freundii (12.5%); Serratia marcescens (8.4%); Enterobacter cloacae (5.8%) and Escherichia coli (4.3%). With respect to the absolute number of resistant strains, the most frequent resistant strains were: P. aeruginosa (205), E. coli (144), and A. baumannii (41). Isolation of E. coli and A. baumannii CIPr increased over the study period. Forty-four point five percent of the E. coli CIPr were of extrahospitalary origin; most of the A. baumannii (92.9%) and P. aeruginosa (77.6%) in contrast were of intrahospitalary origin. CONCLUSIONS: P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and A. baumannii are the most frequently resistant species. The frequency of isolation of resistant strains of E. coli and A. baumannii significantly increased (p < 0.001) over the two years of the study.

Ciprofloxacin↗
PubMed1990

Preoperative parental anxiety predicts behavioural and emotional responses to induction of anaesthesia in children.

Parental presence at induction of anaesthesia is desirable if it makes the child happier and more cooperative. This study evaluated the emotional and behavioural responses of children to being accompanied by a parent at induction of anaesthesia in a paediatric day-care surgical centre. One hundred and thirty-four patients (aged 2-10 yr, ASA physical status I or II) were divided into two groups by day of surgery, to have a parent present at induction of anaesthesia (treatment group), or to be unaccompanied (control group). Before, and at one week after surgery, the child's fears and behaviour were scored by the Hospital Fears Inventory (HFI) and Behavioural Questionnaire (BQ), and parental anxiety by the Parents' Questionnaire (PQ) before and at one week after surgery. The Global Mood Scale (GMS) was used to assess the child's behaviour and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess the parent's anxiety on arrival for surgery and at induction of anaesthesia. All patients and parents were disturbed by the experience, but to the same degree in the treatment and control groups. Subgroups of "calm" and "anxious" parents were identified by a median split of their preoperative VAS scores. Children in the "calm-treatment," "calm-control" and "anxious-control" subgroups were similarly upset at induction. Children in the "anxious-treatment" subgroup were the most disturbed at induction, and significantly more than those in the "anxious-control" subgroup. Preoperative parental anxiety levels also correlated with the child's fears and behaviour one week after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of intestinal pathogenicity of Yersinia spp. strains isolated from human feces].

BACKGROUND: Yersinia enterocolitica is a human pathogen which an acts on the intestine by basically enteroinvasive mechanism. Its virulence has been related with the presence of a plasmid of 40-50 MD which codes a series of properties. There are strains of Y. enterocolitica and of other species assimilated to the Y. enterocolitica group which lack the virulence plasmid. In these cases there is a problem in evaluating the pathogenic ability on the intestine of these bacterias when isolated in faeces. METHODS: A study of 30 Yersinia spp. strains including growth in a magnesium oxalate medium, Reg-Congo and agar (CR-MOX), sculine hydrolisis (Sc), pyrazinamidase activity (Pyz) and salicine fermentation (Sal) was performed. In addition, the presence of virulence plasmid (VP) was determined. RESULTS: Twenty-two strains identified as Y. enterocolitica presented the virulence pattern (CR-MOX+, Pyz-, Sal/Sc-) and 21 were VP+. Seven strains isolated were CR-MOX-, Pyz+, Sal/Sc+ and VP- being typed as Y. fredericksenii (6) and Y. kristensenii (1). The remaining strain was CR-MOX- and VP- but Pyz, Sal/Sc were also negative, being identified as Y. enterocolitica. CONCLUSIONS: By the tests referred the authors were able to identify and evaluate the pathogenicity of Yersinia spp. isolated in faeces. These techniques may be used in the microbiology laboratory as a method which aids to evaluate the diagnosis of intestinal infections caused by Yersinia spp.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗