Haemoglobin Volga, beta27, (B9) Ala leads to Asp, a new highly unstable haemoglobin with a suppressed charge.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Casey.
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A new haemoglobin variant with a decreased oxygen affinity is described, in which the substitution, alpha 94 (G1) Asp replaced by Asn, affects the alpha1beta2 contact alpha1G1-beta2G4. The relevance of this variant to our understanding of the importance of the hydrogen bond between alpha1G1 and beta2G4 in Perutz's model of oxyhaemoglobin A is discussed.
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1. A new approach to the analysis, by "fingerprinting", of the tryptic core region of human haemoglobin alpha-chain is described. 2. The alpha-chain is cyanylated at its single cysteine residue (alpha104) and then split, by exposure to mild alkali, at the N-peptide bond of the resulting beta-thiocyanoalanine residue. 3. The two cleavage fragments, alpha1-103 and alpha104-141, are separated by gel filtration, and the fragment alpha104-141, which contains all the residues of the alpha-chain tryptic core, is digested with pepsin. 4. Preparative "fingerprints" of these peptic peptides yield eight major peptides, which provide complete sequence information for the whole region alpha104-141. 5. The utility of the method is demonstrated by repeating the determination of the substitution in haemoglobin Hopkins-2, a known alpha-chain core variant in which histidine-alpha112 (G19) is replaced by an aspartic acid residue.
A 63-year-old man with erythraemia was found to have a high affinity haemoglobin which was subsequently identified as Hb San Diego beta 109 (G11) Val leads to Met, recently described in a Filipino family (Nute et al, 1974). The oxygen affinity of the haemolysates was increased approximately two-fold at pH values between 6.04 and 7.90. The n value was nearly normal (2.5-2.9) in the upper range of saturation (70-95% oxygenation) but was somewhat diminished (1.9-2.1) below this range. In vitro biosynthesis of globin by reticulocytes showed that there was balanced synthesis of alpha and beta chains (alpha:beta ratio = 1).
Electrophoresis of haemolysates from a population in London resulted in the detection of a variant of haemoglobin-A-2. Purification and characterisation of the variant globin revealed that this was a further example of haemoglobin A-2-NYU.
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Leigh's disease was found postmortem in a 5-year-old girl who was diagnosed clinically as Cornelia de Lange syndrome at age 1 year. The child's neurological status began to deteriorate rapidly at age 4.5 years and she died suddenly 6 months later. Postmortem examination of the brain revealed bilateral necrosis of the hypothalamus, subthalamic nuclei, midbrain, pons, and medulla. Previous studies have linked Cornelia de Lange syndrome to hypothalamic lesions. This case demonstrates that Leigh's disease, which also damages the hypothalamus, could present with phenotypic features of Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
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