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Biomedical subjects

R Castelletto

Publications and source records attributed to R Castelletto.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Pre-cancerous lesions of the oesophagus in Argentina: prevalence and association with tobacco and alcohol.

The prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the oesophagus and their association with alcohol and tobacco were examined in an endoscopic survey carried out in La Plata, Argentina. The study included 406 subjects over 15 years of age attending several gastroenterology clinics because of various gastrointestinal symptoms. Among males, the prevalence rates of chronic oesophagitis, epithelial atrophy and dysplasia were 42%, 3.8% and 2.4% respectively, and in females these prevalences were 36%, 2.5% and 0.0%. The presence of these pre-cancerous lesions was significantly associated with alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Hepatic lesions in acute cardiovascular failure in necropsy specimens].

To evaluate quali-quantitatively ischemic liver injury due to acute cardiocirculatory failure (ischemic hepatitis), and its real clinical signification, 200 out of 1165 autopsy records with ACF clinical diagnosis were selected; 33/200 (16.5%) shown centrilobular necrosis without inflammatory component, accompanied or not by midzonal compromise. Grade IV centrilobular necrosis (50-100% involved lobules) was present in 96.9%, with 15.5% associated midzonal pattern, and 21.2% of confluent type; 2 additional cases with isolated midzonal necrosis (5.7%) were seen. Only six patients (3.0% of ACF patients, and 18.2% of those with histological injury) shown overt clinical liver disease, one of them with a fulminant hepatitis picture (0.5% of ACF, and 3.0% of patients with ischemic necrosis). Bilirubin levels were 3.4-10.2 mg%, and aminotransferases rose up to 540 times over their seric superior normal limits. Centrilobular necrosis involved 100% of lobules in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Long-term course in asymptomatic carriers of HBsAg in an area of low prevalence of hepatocarcinoma].

Data provided by 51 voluntary blood donors identified as asymptomatic HBsAg carriers five to ten years (mean = 7.5 years) before their inclusion in the study are analysed towards their long-term evolution. HBsAg clearance was estimated 2.5% yearly and 83.9% of those remaining positive showed the classical non-replicative serological pattern; another 12.9% were negative for both HBeAg-Anti HBe (seroconversion window?), one of them presenting raised ASAT-ALAT levels and enhanced histological activity (lobular chronic hepatitis). Neither alpha-fetoprotein seric levels (RIA) nor liver ultrasonography demonstrated hepatocellular carcinoma suspicion signs in 35 HBsAg positive cases to this methods; ASAT-ALAT levels raised over two fold the normal superior limit in only 11.4%, and neither aggressive chronic liver disease nor hepatocyte dysplasia was showed in 17 biopsied cases (70.6% normal; 23.6% chronic reactive or chronic persistent hepatitis; 5.8% chronic lobular hepatitis). One out of five patients biopsied with a seven years interval showed histologic worsening.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1987

Tobacco smoking, occupational exposure and bladder cancer in Argentina.

The highest rate for bladder cancer in Latin America has been reported from La Plata, Argentina. A case-control study was carried out to investigate the reasons for this high rate. A total of 117 cases, 117 hospital controls and 117 neighbourhood sex- and age-matched controls were interviewed regarding their smoking and drinking habits and occupational exposures. Cigarette smoking and coffee drinking were identified as the major risk factors, and a significant association was also found for truck and railway drivers and for oil refinery workers. The relative risks for male smokers who ever smoked cigarettes vs. non-smokers was 4.3 (95% Cl: 1.9-10.3). The risk associated with black tobacco cigarettes was 2-3 times higher than that of blond cigarettes. For male ex-smokers the risk after 5 years of no smoking is less than one third of that of current smokers. The RR for drinking coffee was 2.4 (95% Cl: 1.4-4.4) after adjusting for the effects of tobacco smoking, and the risk increased with the number of cups per day. No association was found with the use of saccharin.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Epidemiological significance, clinico-morphological evaluation and behavior of pathogenetic factors, in asymptomatic chronic carriers of the HBsAg in the La Plata area. Study in voluntary blood donors].

Seric positivity for HBsAg (CIED) investigated on 100.000 volunteer blood donors of La Plata city was 0.239%. Humoral findings on 40 cases only revealed TGO-TGP seric levels over twice the normal in 15 and 10% respectively. On 27 biopsied patients, chronic active hepatitis in one case and chronic persistent hepatitis in another one were found. Non-specific chronic inflammatory changes were seen in 18.5%. Correlation between TGO-TGP levels and histologic damage was generally proved. HBeAg seric positivity in 3/29 cases (10.3%) was accompanied of both raised TGO-TGP levels and some kind of chronic inflammatory change. Statistic high risk was determined for both O-Rh negative blood group and HLA-Bw21 individuals. Diminished cutaneous PPD reactivity without significative alteration of linfocite population was established.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Endoscopic polypectomy in the diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer].

The rectocolon cancer (RCC) behavior in La Plata is clearly shown to be similar to the one found in high risk countries, both from the epidemiological and the histopathological point of view. The disagreement among different polyps coming from necropsy, endoscopy or surgery is found and discussed in relation to distribution, size and histopathological type. The evidence of de sequence adenoma-carcinoma is once more found in the cases studied. On the other hand, displastics lesions in non-neoplastic flat mucosa are not found. THe malignant potential of the adenomas is found to increase with the increment of their size, villous component and atipía degree. This evidence come from 100 adenomas considered. It is also found that in this sample that the malignant potential is high in small lesions -4,3%of invasive carcinoma on adenomas smaller than 10 mm. In a sample of 1000 colonoscopies, 122 endoscopic polipectomies where performed without evidence of either morbility or mortality. In this material, 4 rectocolonic early cancer were detected in polyps smaller than 10 mm. This fact strongly support the indication of resection in every rectocolonic elevated lesions. 11.4% of total resected polyps were found to be of the early RCC type this figure increases if the incidence of the polipectomy in children is discarded because in this cases adenomatous polyps do not appear in our experience. The clinic-epidemiologic character of 13 early RCC cases followed for periods until 5 years are described.

Argentina↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alcohol, tobacco, diet, mate drinking, and esophageal cancer in Argentina.

To study the role of hot mate drinking, alcohol, tobacco, and diet in esophageal cancer, a case-control study including 131 cases and 262 hospital controls was carried out in La Plata, Argentina. In multivariate analyses, statistically significant increases in risk were detected for alcohol, tobacco, and some dietary factors but not for hot mate drinking. A strong dose-response relationship was observed with the amount of alcohol consumed daily but not with the number of cigarettes smoked. The odds ratio for those drinking more than 200 ml of ethanol/day compared to nondrinkers was 5.7 (95% confidence interval, 2.2-15.2). An increased risk was also observed for those eating barbecued meat more than once a week (odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.8) as compared to those eating it less than once a week, and a reduction in risk was associated with daily consumption of nonbarbecued beef as compared to those eating it less than daily. Concerning mate drinking, the only variable that showed an effect was the temperature at which mate is drunk. Those who reported drinking mate hot or very hot as compared to those drinking it warm had an increase in risk (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.9). Our findings strengthen the evidence for an important role of alcohol and tobacco in esophageal carcinogenesis but do not provide strong support for a role of hot mate drinking.

Aged↗