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Biomedical subjects

R Castiglioni

Publications and source records attributed to R Castiglioni.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Virtual Colonoscopy. Experience in 500 patients].

OBJECTIVE: To show our experience and results in Virtual Colonoscopy (VC). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Five hundred patients with personal or familial history of colorectal carcinoma and/or adenomas, or any kind of coloproctologic symptoms were studied. VCs were practiced using a helical CT scanner (300 patients) and a multislice CT scanner (200 patients) a few hours after Conventional Colonoscopy (CC), considered the gold standard. The patients were evaluated in a prospective blind study, to determine sensitivity and specificity of VC. Findings were classified as: 1) normal studies; 2) studies with pathological findings. This one was subdivided into: 2a) Lesions below 5 mm., 2b) Lesions between 5-9 mm., 2c) Lesions above 9 mm. RESULTS: VC detected 253 normal studies whereas CC only detected 233. The sensitivity and specificity for each subgroup were: 2a) 87.8% and 86.9%; 2b) 95.6% and 91.4%; 2c) 100.0% and 100.0% respectively. CONCLUSION: VC is a feasible and useful method for evaluating the entire colon. It is well tolerated, it has no complications and a high sensitivity and specificity for elevated lesions, especially the ones above or equal to 5 mm.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Neuropeptide therapies in chronic schizophrenia: TRH and vasopressin administration.

Twenty-three chronic undifferentiated schizophrenics, 13 women and 10 men, aged 37-64 years with 15-to 40-year histories of the disease were given either thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) (10 subjects) or DDAVP (13 subjects) with the aim to improve the negative symptoms of the disease and memory. TRH (600 micrograms i.v.) and DDAVP (4 micrograms i.m.) were administered every other day for 30 days. Negative symptoms were monitored by the Andreasen rating scale and by the Honingfeld NOSIE rating scale, memory by the Folstein 'Mini mental State' rating scale and by the Luria-Nebraska rating scale before therapy and then at days 15, 16, 30 and 31 of treatment. Both therapies significantly improved negative symptoms. Memory was significantly improved in all the patients treated with TRH and in 9 of the 13 patients treated with DDAVP, who presented less severe cognitive impairments. A peripheral mechanism of action of DDAVP was excluded by the observation that plasma electrolytes and osmolality, blood pressure, ECG patterns, 24-hour urine volume and specific gravity, basal plasma cortisol and growth hormone levels and weight of the patients were unchanged during therapy. TRH treatment induced a transient borderline hyperthyroidism at day 15 and a progressive decrease of the thyrotropin response to TRH stimulation. A common mechanism of action of the two peptides on the central noradrenergic system is suggested.

Adult↗