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R Ceballos

Publications and source records attributed to R Ceballos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Modification of the hepatotoxicity of D-galactosamine in the rat by an anti-endotoxin.

We have investigated the effects of polymyxin B and gentamicin on the histologic and biochemical alterations caused by D-galactosamine in the rat. Polymyxin B, but not gentamicin, protected against galactosamine-induced liver injury. There was good correlation between the biochemical data and the morphologic changes. This study suggests that endogenously produced endotoxin contributes to the extent of the hepatic damage caused by galactosamine. It is likely that the ability of the liver to detoxify small amounts of bacterial lipopolysaccharides absorbed from the gut is impaired after the preceding galactosamine injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Tumor of the atrioventricular nodal region. A clinical and immunohistochemical study.

Autopsy specimens of 17 tumors of the atrioventricular nodal region were studied. Sudden death occurred in 14 children and adults; seven of these patients had a history of atrioventricular block or syncope. Three tumors were incidental findings in infants with other congenital anomalies; diaphragmatic agenesis, pulmonary hypoplasia, and Meckel's diverticulum in one patient; mitral atresia in one; and congenital hydrocephalus, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, coarctation of the aorta, and patent omphalovitelline duct in the third. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated strong positivity for carcinoembryonic antigen in 13 of 13 cases, B72.3 antigen in 5 of 7 cases, and cytokeratin in 11 of 11 cases. Twenty control cases of mesothelioma and mesothelial hyperplasia were all negative for B72.3; one showed focal carcinoembryonic antigen staining. Ultrastructural analysis of one case demonstrated short rudimentary microvilli not characteristic of mesothelial cells. We conclude that so-called mesotheliomas of the atrioventricular nodal region are not of mesothelial origin, because of strong carcinoembryonic antigen positivity and occasional positivity with B72.3, as these antibodies react with glycoproteins found in endodermally derived tissue and generally not with mesothelial tissue. Conduction system tumors are most likely congenital rests of endodermal origin, can be associated with other congenital anomalies, and often cause symptoms of heart block and sudden death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ventricular septal defects: a surgical viewpoint.

Seventy-six cardiac autopsy specimens with ventricular septal defects were studied from a surgical viewpoint. The defects were classified as being conoventricular (n = 25), in the right ventricular outlet (n = 21), in the inlet septum (n = 11) or in the trabecular septum (n = 19) with each category having several subcategories. The left ventricular outflow tract relations of the defects are emphasized. The borders of the ventricular septal defects are described in detail, with use of the prefix "juxta" to indicate the immediate adjacency of the defect to a structure such as the tricuspid valve.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1987

Pericardial cyst diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomography in a newborn.

A one-day-old full-term female infant with massive "cardiomegaly" developed marked respiratory distress soon after birth. The two-dimensional (2D) echocardiogram demonstrated a 4 X 5-cm cystic mass adjacent to the left ventricular free wall. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed the presence and dimension of the cyst and CT number indicated the fluid within the cyst to be serous. A pericardial cyst was successfully removed at thoracotomy. Two-dimensional echocardiography and CT, both noninvasive procedures, are fully adequate tools in the diagnosis of pericardial cysts in the neonate, so that invasive investigations may be avoided.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1986

Aortic dissection masquerading as gastrointestinal disease.

Presentation of aortic dissection (AD) typically includes chest and/or abdominal pain. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms other than abdominal pain are uncommon. Two patients with AD are described in whom the dominant presenting symptom was GI hemorrhage. Mesenteric infarction complicated acute Type I dissection in one patient whose clinical manifestations simulated ulcerative colitis. In the other patient an old, small asymptomatic Type III AD resulted in a false aneurysm in the retroperitoneum which ruptured into the duodenum. In the latter case an antemortem diagnosis was not made as angiography was limited to the visceral arteries and the abdominal aorta without appreciation of the significance of a focal compression of the abdominal aorta. The possibility of AD thus should also be considered in the evaluation of a patient with acute GI bleeding.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1985

Overriding atrioventricular valves. An angiographic-anatomical correlate.

An analysis of 6 patients with overriding atrioventricular valve was performed in order to correlate the anatomic and angiographic features of this malformation. The atrial arrangement was usual (situs solitus) in each patient. The ventricular chambers were normally related in 4 and the mirror image of normal in 2. The atrioventricular connexion was concordant in parallel fashion in 4, discordant in 1 and double inlet left ventricle in 1 heart. In 2 of 4 hearts with concordant atrioventricular connexion, the right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) overrode the septum and connected partially to the left ventricle. In 2, the left atrioventricular valve (mitral) overrode the septum and partially connected with the right ventricle. One heart with discordant atrioventricular connexion had its right atrioventricular valve (mitral) overriding the septum. The remaining heart with double inlet left ventricle had an overriding left atrioventricular valve. Each overriding atrioventricular valve had its "septal" leaflet (the one committed to the contralateral ventricle) divided into 2 segments by a large cleft. Ventricular septal defects at different locations were present in all cases. The ventriculoarterial connexion was double outlet right ventricle in 5 patients and was discordant in 1. Malalignment of the atrial and ventricular septa was present to some degree in all cases. This was well depicted on ventriculograms in four chamber view in those with an overriding tricuspid valve. It was not detected in those with an overriding mitral valve. The displaced leaflets of the overriding and/or stradding valve had a vertical motion on cineangiograms similar to those observed in atrioventricular septal defects. Abnormal morphology and motion of the septal leaflet of the overriding atrioventricular valve and malalignment of the atrial and ventricular septal structures were the most important angiographic findings in this series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Radiation optic neuropathy.

Following surgery for pituitary adenoma, radiation therapy is an accepted treatment in reducing tumor recurrence. However, a potential therapeutic complication is delayed radionecrosis of perisellar neural structures, including the optic nerves and chiasm. This particular cause of visual loss, radiation optic neuropathy (RON), has not been emphasized in the ophthalmologic literature. Four cases of RON seen in the past five years are reported. Diagnostic criteria include: (1) acute visual loss (monocular or binocular), (2) visual field defects indicating optic nerve or chiasmal dysfunction, (3) absence of optic disc edema, (4) onset usually within three years of therapy (peak: 1-1 1/2 years), and (5) no computed tomographic evidence of visual pathway compression. Pathologic findings, differential diagnosis and therapy will be discussed in outlining the clinical profile of RON.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Congenital pulmonary vein stenosis.

Congenital pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare and serious form of congenital heart disease. Between 1969 and 1982 10 patients with this lesion were studied. In 2 patients the condition was diagnosed at autopsy; these patients died before the presence of congenital heart disease was suspected. Of the 8 in whom the condition was diagnosed during life, it was suspected clinically in 6 and found unexpectedly at cardiac catheterization in 2. All underwent operation, and 5 were hospital survivors. In all survivors rapid and progressive restenosis of the pulmonary veins occurred over the next several months. Three of the 5 underwent reoperation, but progressive restenosis recurred and all eventually died of this condition. Thus, despite partial surgical relief of pulmonary vein stenosis, the lesion is apparently one of relentless progression. No surgical repair has been successful in the cure or long-term palliation of this lethal lesion.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1984

The septal arteries in the differential diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis.

Angiographic study of the motion of the septal and left marginal arteries was performed in patients with restriction in ventricular diastolic filling in order to separate patients with constrictive pericarditis from those with restrictive cardiomyopathy. Twelve patients with constrictive pericarditis (group I) and 10 patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy (group II) were evaluated and compared with 21 patients with normal coronary angiograms (group III). The displacement of the septal arteries (23 +/- 2.04 mm) was abnormally exaggerated in group I and normal (9 +/- 0.81 mm) in groups II and III. The displacement of the left marginal arteries as seen by the "corrugating index" was similar in all groups. We conclude that study of the displacement of the septal arteries is a useful angiographic sign that helps to separate constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy and normals.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1984

Results of radionuclide assessment of cardiac function following transplantation of the heart.

Radionuclide assessment of ejection fraction was determined early and late postoperatively following cardiac transplantation in 16 patients. In 11 patients, ejection fraction was determined within 48 hours of an endocardial biopsy. There was no relationship between the severity of histologically evident rejection and the ejection fraction (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] = -0.11; p = 0.47). In 2 patients, severe graft fibrosis developed with consequent diminution in ejection fraction. There was no relationship between severity and duration of rejection or the amount of immunosuppression required to treat acute rejection and the development of graft fibrosis. The mean resting ejection fraction in 7 patients in follow-up ranging from 6 to 21 months after transplantation was 0.59 +/- 0.06 (standard deviation), and the mean exercise ejection fraction in 6 of these patients was 0.72 +/- 0.08. Radionuclide-determined ejection fraction is not predictive of rejection early after operation. During short-term late follow-up, systolic left ventricular function at rest and exercise has been retained at normal levels.

Heart↗
PubMed1983

CT diagnosis of false aneurysm of the pulmonary artery not demonstrated by angiography.

A 17-year-old patient with tricuspid atresia, palliatively corrected by a right Glenn and a left Potts anastomosis during his early childhood and a banding of the left pulmonary artery 6 years ago, developed a false aneurysm of the left pulmonary artery secondary to the erosion of the band fabric through the vascular wall with subsequent thrombosis, infection, and leakage. The diagnosis was confused by both chest roentgenography and angiography but was accurately made by postcontrast computed tomography (CT). We stress the importance and usefulness of CT in the diagnosis of a false aneurysm, not demonstrated by angiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Truncus arteriosus. An anatomical-angiographic study.

A series of 25 cases of truncus arteriosus communis examined post mortem was studied retrospectively. Fifteen of them had had angiographic studies, enabling anatomo-radiographic correlative analysis to be made. All cases had situs solitus of the atria and concordant connections between atria and ventricles. The three main components of the malformation, present in all 25 cases, were: (a) ventricular septal defect, (b) single semilunar valve, (c) anomalies of the aortopulmonary septum. The ventricular septal defect was always subarterial but its size and its relation to mitral and tricuspid valves were extremely variable. The truncal valve varied greatly also in the number of its cusps and its relation to right and left ventricles. Above valvular level the presence or absence of residual aortopulmonary septum was reflected by the presence or absence of a main pulmonary artery. Additional supratruncal malformations produced variations of the anatomy of the aorta and pulmonary arteries. The angiographic demonstration of all these components was obtained best by selective angiography using special projections. From this study it appears that there is a wide degree of variability in all of the three main components of truncus arteriosus. Such anatomical variations should be identified angiographically in each patient in order to provide enough information before corrective surgery, but they do not alter the basically homogeneous anatomy of the category of truncus arteriosus and therefore do not justify complex classifications.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1983

Angiographic differentiation of types of ventricular septal defects.

A retrospective study of 40 patients with 41 surgically repaired ventricular septal defects was performed in order to correlate the anatomic findings with the angiographic features seen by axial angiography. In 39 patients there were 32 perimembranous, three muscular, and four subarterial defects. One patient had both perimembranous and inlet muscular ventricular septal defects. Perimembranous defects as seen on left ventriculograms on long axial view are in continuity with the aortic valve. The relation of the defect to the tricuspid valve allows distinction of the extension of the perimembranous defect toward the inlet, trabecular, or infundibular zones. This relation was determined angiographically, using the course of the contrast medium from the left ventricle through the ventricular septal defect opacifying the right ventricle. Muscular defects are separated from the semilunar and atrioventricular valves. Subarterial defects are related to both semilunar valves, and they are best demonstrated by the elongated right anterior oblique view of the left ventriculogram. This study demonstrated that with axial views an experienced angiographer can define the location, size, and relations of the ventricular septal defects with high accuracy. In only two of the 41 defects there were differences between the retrospective angiographic prediction and the previous surgical findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Olivopontocerebellar atrophy in children: a report of seven cases in two families.

We present seven cases of progressive ataxia with onset in childhood along with pathological findings in three patients. One patient showed pure cerebellar degeneration and had no visual changes. His brother had classic changes of olivopontocerebellar atrophy with profound amyotrophy but no visual changes. A third family member had similar findings with pathological findings intermediate in severity between the first two. The mother and daughter, who are living, are ataxic and have macular degeneration. In a second pedigree, all patients affected in three generations were male, but the disease began during adulthood in the first two generations. Myoclonic seizures occurred in the majority of patients.

Adolescent↗