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R Chermat

Publications and source records attributed to R Chermat.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differences in the mechanisms of the stimulant and antidepressive effects of nomifensine].

Four effects of nomifensine were studied in interaction with a dopamine receptor blocker (pimozide) and a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker (propranolol). The effects of nomifensine were divided into two categories: 1. Psychomotor stimulant effect a) Stimulation of locomotor activity in mice b) Stereotyped behavior in rats 2. Antidepressant effect a) Antagonism of hypothermia caused by reserpine in mice b) Potentiation of yohimbine-induced toxicity in mice. The psychomotor stimulant effects were antagonized by pimozide but not by propranolol. The antidepressant effects were antagonized by propranolol but not by pimozide. Our results support the hypothesis that nomifensine acts via both dopaminergic and noradrenergic mechanisms subserving distinct behavioral effects, psychomotor stimulant and antidepressant, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adaptation of the tail suspension test to the rat.

In the tail suspension test (TST), the rat is suspended by the tail for 6 min during which the animal shows periods of agitation and immobility. The duration of the immobility is measured. Desipramine decreased the duration of immobility. The main advantages of this procedure are: the use of a simple, objective test situation; the concordance of the results (for desipramine) with the "behavioral despair" test described by Porsolt; the avoidance of the hypothermia induced by immersion in the Porsolt test.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Unexpected interactions of some psychotropic drugs with barbital and pentobarbital effects in mice (author's transl)].

Some of the substances studied modified the effects of the two barbiturates as expected and in the same direction: --chlorpromazine and diazepam increased the effects; --amphetamine and caffeine decreased them. Barbital, unlike pentobarbital, undergoes almost no metabolic transformation. This explains why pentobarbital is potentiated in the presence of proadifen, an inhibitor of liver microsomial enzymes, whereas the effect of barbital is unchanged, and probably explains similar results obtained with iproniazide and imipramine. For the same reason, rifampicine, an enzyme inducer, antagonizes the effect of pentobarbital without affecting that of barbital. The dissociated effects obtained with other substances are more difficult to explain: --increased effects of barbital without modification of the effects of pentobarbital (sulpiride); --decreased effects of barbital without modification of the effects of pentobarbital (methylphenidate, nomifensine, amineptine, oxolinic acid, methysergide); --decreased effects of barbital with increased effects of pentobarbital (viloxazine). Two hypotheses may be considered: 1. The study of barbital and pentobarbital concentrations in blood and brain would allow to exclude a pharmacokinetic interaction; 2. Barbital does not act through the same mechanism as pentobarbital.

Amphetamine↗