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Biomedical subjects

R Chester

Publications and source records attributed to R Chester.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Randomised controlled trials of immediate weight-bearing mobilisation for rupture of the tendo Achillis.

We performed two independent, randomised, controlled trials in order to assess the potential benefits of immediate weight-bearing mobilisation after rupture of the tendo Achillis. The first trial, on operatively-treated patients showed an improved functional outcome for patients mobilised fully weight-bearing after surgical repair. Two cases of re-rupture in the treatment group suggested that careful patient selection is required as patients need to follow a structured rehabilitation regimen. The second trial, on conservatively-treated patients, provided no evidence of a functional benefit from immediate weight-bearing mobilisation. However, the practical advantages of immediate weight-bearing did not predispose the patients to a higher complication rate. In particular, there was no evidence of tendon lengthening or a higher re-rupture rate. We would advocate immediate weight-bearing mobilisation for the rehabilitation of all patients with rupture of the tendo Achillis.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed2001

Cloning for human reproduction: one American perspective.

The author, an American law professor, believes that whole-body cloning of adult humans will be possible in the near future. He does not believe the procedure should be banned when used as a form of assisted reproduction, but that it should be regulated by the government to ensure proper testing and application. After raising a number of scientific, ethical, religious and legal issues, Professor Chester addresses parentage in light of both old and new concepts of the 'family.' Finally, he focuses on the problem of women as surrogate mothers of clones, arguing in the process that the surrogate, having no real genetic tie to the clone, would have less of a claim to parentage than at least some of the surrogates currently gestating foetuses.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A newly developed spinal simulator.

A number of studies indicate poor intra-therapist and inter-therapist reliability in the performance of graded, passive oscillatory movements to the lumbar spine. However, it has been suggested that therapists can be trained to be more consistent in their performance of these techniques if given reliable quantitative feedback. The intention of this study was to develop equipment, analogous to the lumbar spine that could be used for both teaching and research purposes. Equipment has been updated and connected to a personal IBM compatible computer. Custom designed software allows concurrent and accurate feedback to students on their performance and in a form suitable for advanced data analysis using statistical packages. The uses and implications of this equipment are discussed.

Calibration↗
PubMed1994

Effects of a non-steroidal pure antioestrogen, ZM 189,154, on oestrogen target organs of the rat including bones.

ZM 189,154 ([1RS,2RS]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl- 1-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-penta-fluoropentyl)sulphinylnonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydronaphth-6-ol) is a non-steroidal pure antioestrogen. It has a high relative affinity for the oestrogen receptor, completely blocks the trophic action of oestradiol (OE2) on the uterus in immature and ovariectomized (OVX) adult rats and, in the latter, also completely blocks the trophic action of OE2 on vagina, bone and growth rate. ZM 189,154 displays no intrinsic oestrogen-agonist activity on uterus, vagina, bone, LH secretion or growth rate in OVX rats. Differential sensitivity of OE2-regulated processes was more apparent in intact rats. Daily doses of 0.6 mg/kg per day of ZM 189,154 blocked ovulation; 2 mg/kg per day achieved maximal uterine atrophy but did not affect bone density or growth rate; 10 mg/kg per day produced a broader spectrum of effects (reduced bone density, increased basal LH, slightly increased growth rate), but the magnitude of these was smaller than after ovariectomy; the 10 mg/kg dose also produced multiple ovarian follicular cysts. The failure of ZM 189,154 to achieve complete ovariectomy-like effects in intact rats may be due to the action of ovarian factors other than OE2, or to the circulating OE2 levels resulting from the disturbance to ovarian function posing too strong a challenge to the antagonist.

Animals↗