Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Cimma.
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At approximately 2 years of age, 27 infants previously immunized at 9 to 15 months of age with two doses of polyribosylribitol phosphate-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (PRP-D) and 23 infants immunized with polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) vaccine were given a single injection of PRP-D. Pre- and post-immunization sera were obtained. No serious local or systemic reactions were observed. The PRP-D recipients had a geometric mean anti-PRP antibody level of 4.8 micrograms/ml 1 month after the second primary injection, retained 1.2 microgram/ml 1 year later, and had a level of 71 micrograms/ml after the booster immunization. In contrast, PRP recipients had a geometric mean level of 0.083 microgram/ml 1 month after the second primary injection, retained 0.042 microgram/ml 1 year later, and after a single dose of PRP-D at approximately 2 years of age had a geometric mean level of 8.6 micrograms/ml. The significantly higher antibody response in the prior PRP-D recipients suggests the recall of immunologic memory induced by the PRP-D vaccine.
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The early recognition of severe respiratory distress in the newborn allows for optimal care. The prompt identification of overwhelming respiratory failure may assist in the selection of candidates for new therapeutic techniques. We have evaluated, both retrospectively and prospectively, a simple scoring system for neonatal respiratory insufficiency. During the first 24 hr of life, serial inspired oxygen values (FiO2) are plotted with serial pH measurements against time on a graph. With pulmonary insufficiency, the lines cross. The severity of the insufficiency is quantified by integrating the area between the crossed lines. The 25 infants in our Regional Intensive Care Unit Nursery who died with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) during 1976 were compared with surviving infants matched for gestational age, birth weight, and admission date; all patients received similar conventional management. The difference in the mean 24-hr cumulative scores between the two groups was significant (p < 0.01). Only 1 infant with a score over 40 U ultimately survived (96% specificity). From January 1978 through June 1979, data were graphed at the bedside on 100 neonates who required respiratory support, and analyzed without knowledge of the eventual outcome. Overall, the scoring system predicted the final outcome in 95% of the cases. False positive determinations were minimal, the system accurately selecting 86/87 ultimate survivors (98.8% specificity). These data suggest that this simple scoring system may prove useful in identifying infants with overwhelming respiratory distress. Such infants may be considered for specialized care or innovative yet unproven treatment modalities.