One hundred and four Escherichia coli strains isolated in the Hospital Centre of Clermont-Ferrand (France) from faeces of 26 infants with diarrheal diseases and of 29 infants with non-diarrheal diseases were tested for their ability to adhere to intestinal villi of the human small intestine. The haemagglutination (HA) type (with human, bovine, chicken and guinea-pig erythrocytes) and the agglutination of adhering strains by anti-colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) serum and by anti-CFA/II serum were determined. Seventeen strains adhered to the brush border of the human small intestine. All these strains were isolated from infants with diarrhea; among these strains, only two possessed one CFA: one of them exhibited HA type I and was agglutinated by the anti-CFA/I serum; the second exhibited HA type II and was agglutinated by the anti-CFA/II serum. Six strains exhibiting HA type III and nine exhibiting other HA types were not agglutinated by anti-CFA/I or CFA/II sera. There were no relationship between the adherence and the serotypes or the antibiotic resistance of these strains.

Cell Adhesion↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A study of chloramphenicol resistance in "Salmonella" and identification of the relevant R plasmid (author's transl)].

Seventy nine strains of salmonella of human origin were tested for antibiotic-resistance. Eighteen strains (11 Salmonella typhi-murium, 4 S. saint-paul and 3 S. dublin) were multiresistant, particularly to chloramphenicol. All the strains were able to transfer their resistance by conjugation. Thirteen conjugation R plasmids were classified into five incompatibility groups: I1, N, H1, M and B. Molecular studies showed that the DNA structures of the four IncI1R plasmids differed from one another and also partly from the plasmid DNA structures of other IncI1R plasmid DNA isolated from salmonellae. In conclusion, chloramphenicol resistance was conferred by various R factors, and the R factors of the I1 incompatibility group appeared to have different plasmid structures.

Chloramphenicol↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Rifampicin diffusion in non-infected human bone (author's transl)].

Rifampicin levels in serum, cortical bone and spongious bone were measured by a biological assay in 13 non-infected patients undergoing total replacement of the hip. Samples were collected after 24-72 hours rifampicin administration (daily oral dose: 600 mg). The mean level was 0.67 +/- 0.48 microgram/g in cortical bone and 3.35 +/- 0.72 microgram/g in spongious bone. Rifampicin diffusion was also assessed in normal bone from crista iliaca needle biopsy specimens in 7 patients treated for osteitis or septic arthritis. Bone and serum levels did not appear linearly correlated but, in any case, bone levels were much higher than MIC for Staphylococcus aureus which is usually involved in bone and joint infections.

Arthritis, Infectious↗