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Biomedical subjects

R Colin

Publications and source records attributed to R Colin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Effect of ranitidine on resting pressure and pentagastrin response of human lower esophageal sphincter.

The effect on the lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) of a new H2-receptor antagonist, ranitidine, has been tested during manometry in normal man. Basal tone and LES pentagastrin response were not significantly different after oral ranitidine administration in 10 healthy subjects. No significant variation of LESP was observed in six additional patients during 1 mg/kg body wt ranitidine infusion as compared to placebo. These results show that despite the difference in chemical structure and a greater inhibitory effect on gastric secretion, ranitidine, like cimetidine, does not alter resting pressure or LES response to pentagastrin in man. Ranitidine may therefore benefit patients with gastroesophageal reflux.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Transient pulmonary impairment during attacks of Crohn's disease.

Lung function was studied in 10 patients with Crohn's disease during and after an attack of the disease. Pulmonary volumes and lung transfer factor were not impaired but functional residual capacity was greater during the attack than during remission; it was also greater than in normal subjects. FRC values and disease activity decreased concomitantly during remission as well as finger clubbing. The etiology of this impairment was unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Calcitonin-producing pancreatic somatostatinoma.

A pancreatic somatostatinoma metastatized to the liver was detected in a 70-yr-old woman presenting with chronic diarrhea, steatorrhea, pancreatic insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, and achlorhydria. At immunocytochemistry, most tumor cells stored both somatostatin and calcitoninlike substances. Chromatography of acid extracts of the tumor on G50 Sephadex gave two distinct peaks coeluting with cyclic ovine somatostatin and human calcitonin, respectively, thus ruling out the hypothesis of a single cross-reacting molecule synthetized by the neoplastic cells. When the tumor was extracted at neutral pH, larger molecular forms of the above components were found, which accounted for less than 20% of the total immunoreactivity. Gel permeation of plasma showed that the circulating calcitonin- and somatostatinlike components consisted of three and four different forms, respectively, including components of molecular weights similar to those of the reference peptides. Inhibition curves and immunoadsorption experiments indicated that the large forms were immunologically similar, if not identical, to the corresponding standard preparations. The present case illustrates the occasional ability of neoplastic somatostatin cells of pancreas to synthetize simultaneously components immunologically related to somatostatin and calcitonin. These two inappropriate secretions could account for the symptoms displayed by this patient.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of protein and energy intake on nitrogen metabolism of undernourished patients on continuous enteral nutrition].

Nitrogen balance, energy balance and respiratory quotient were measured in 18 undernourished patients fed with continuous enteral nutrition in order to assess the effects of: a) various levels of protein and energy intakes with a fixed diet composition; b) energy/nitrogen ratio; c) proportions of carbohydrates in energy intake. The results were the following: 1) With energy intakes from 4,880 to 8,360 kJ/m2/day (protein: 18 p. 100) nitrogen balance and net protein absorption were significantly correlated with nitrogen intake (respectively P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.001). 2) Nitrogen balance was not significantly different whether the patient received normo (energy/nitrogen = 476 kJ/g) or hypernutrition ( energy /nitrogen = 1,056 kJ/g). 3) Nitrogen balance was not different in 6 patients receiving the same energy and nitrogen intakes but 80 or 55 p. 100 carbohydrates; high carbohydrates diet induced lipid synthesis. These results confirm the value of continuous enteral nutrition to positive nitrogen balance in undernourished patients. Except when energy expenditure level is very high they do not support a policy of routinely use hypernutrition with high carbohydrates diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Gastrointestinal haemorrhage related to alcoholic cirrhosis. Prognostical influence of digestive lavage (author's transl)].

During gastrointestinal bleeding associated with cirrhosis, the presence of blood within the lumen of the gut may cause or favorise the onset of hepatic coma. Digestive lavage by rapid intragastric infusion of an isotonic solution based upon mannitol may reduce the mortality due to hepatic coma. The value of this method was studied retrospectively by comparison of two series of haemorrhagic complications: Group I-1971-1976: 224 haemorrhagic complications treated in the usual manner; Group II-1976-1977: 127 haemorrhagic complications treated in accordance with a protocol which included digestive lavage. The results indicate the prognostic significance of certain clinical signs (ascites, jaundice, shock), and also made it possible to determine the cause of death and to demonstrate a reduction in mortality in the group treated by digestive lavage (p < 0.02), concerning only deaths as a result of hepatic coma (p < 0.01) above all in forms with a poor initial prognosis with shock or decompensation with jaundice and ascites.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Oral BCG vaccine in Crohn's disease.

In a randomised double-blind trial over one year oral BCG has been compared with a control preparation in the treatment of chronic Crohn's disease. Overall assessment scores deteriorated in nine of 22 patients taking BCG, and 11 of 26 in the control group (P = 0.25); this deterioration was great enough to be regarded as a clinical relapse in three patients taking BCG and in seven taking the control preparation (P greater than 0.1). No significant benefit from oral BCG treatment has been demonstrated.

Adolescent↗