PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Corcoy

Publications and source records attributed to R Corcoy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Assessment of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function from measurements in the fasting state and during an oral glucose tolerance test.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We aimed to find if the relation between insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function assessed from fasting and OGTT measurements has a physiological shape (hyperbolic with the reference methods). METHODS: Healthy women without diabetic first-degree relatives underwent a 75 g OGTT with plasma glucose and insulin (n = 35) concentrations being measured at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min. Beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity were estimated using previously described indices from fasting (1 for beta-cell function, 6 for insulin sensitivity) and OGTT measurements (3 for beta-cell function and 5 for insulin sensitivity). A hyperbolic relation was tested for the 21 beta-cell function-insulin sensitivity pairs using a non-lineal regression method. RESULTS: The assessment of beta-cell function from OGTT was impossible in seven women and one had outlier indices. For the remaining 27 women, only 8 combinations adjusted to a hyperbolic relation. The best adjustment was achieved using the fasting glucose to insulin ratio as the estimation of insulin sensitivity and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index (single fasting sample) as the estimation of beta-cell function (r2 0.802, k 869.71, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: In this group of healthy women, the estimation of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function by most methods using OGTT-derived glucose and insulin measurements did not adjust to a hyperbolic relation but all fasting indices combinations did. Beta-cell function estimated with the HOMA index and insulin sensitivity with fasting glucose to insulin ratio had the best adjustment.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of DIABNET, a decision support system for therapy planning in gestational diabetes.

DIABNET is a knowledge-based system designed to aid doctors with therapy planning in gestational diabetes. The system core is a qualitative model, implemented by a Causal Probabilistic Network, that is able to detect the insulin effectiveness on a daily basis. DIABNET analyses monitoring data and proposes quantitative changes in insulin therapy and qualitative diet modifications. This paper proposes an evaluation methodology to assess the system performance when working in a real scenario. The methodology manages the absence of a gold standard and includes: a subjective analysis based on questionnaires and an objective analysis based on a quantitative comparison of the system's and experts' proposals. The paper also shows the results of two experiments in which expert diabetologists evaluated the therapeutical advice provided by DIABNET during the follow up of 9 patients with gestational diabetes. DIABNET detected the need of a therapy modification in 92% of the cases showing its appropriateness for automatic alarm generation. Around 80% of the proposals were accepted by experts. The evaluation results are encouraging and allow characterisation of the system's performance when proposing therapy modifications. Evaluation in its turn helps to refine the knowledge managed by DIABNET and enables us to look towards the further clinical use of DIABNET as a decision tool in gestational diabetes integrated in a telemedicine service.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2000

Gestational diabetes mellitus: metabolic control during labour.

The purpose of this study was to assess, in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): 1) metabolic control during labour using a standardised protocol; 2) the influence of therapy during pregnancy in intrapartum metabolic control and insulin requirements; and 3) the impact of maternal glycaemia during labour on neonatal hypoglycaemia. An observational study of 85 women with GDM (54 insulin-treated) was performed. Intrapartum metabolic management included i.v. glucose and insulin infusions, urinary ketone measurement and hourly capillary blood glucose (CBG) monitoring. Mean CBG from arrival to delivery was 4.7 +/- 1.1 mmol/l with 83% of mean CBG values within the target range (2.8-6.9 mmol/l). Mean CBG and insulin requirements were unrelated to therapy during pregnancy, but hypoglycaemia (CBG<2.8 mmol/l) was more frequent in women receiving insulin during pregnancy (40.7 vs 19.4 %, p<0.01). In several logistic regression models, CBG during labour was predictive of neonatal hypoglycaemia. We conclude that in women with GDM, the use of a standardised intrapartum management protocol is associated to fair metabolic control, that insulin requirements during labour are unrelated to therapy during pregnancy and that high CBG during labour increases the risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Postpartum thyroiditis in women with hypothyroidism antedating pregnancy?

In women with hypothyroidism, levothyroxine (LT) requirements after delivery are assumed to return to prepregnancy values. The occasional observation of discordances prompted this study. Forty-one women (31 receiving LT replacement therapy and 10 receiving suppressive therapy for thyroid carcinoma) were followed during the first year after delivery. A control group of 31 nonpregnant women with hypothyroidism (n = 21) or thyroid carcinoma (n = 10) were also followed during a similar period. Twenty-three patients of 41 (56.1%) had discordant requirements at follow-up after delivery vs. 3 of 31 in the control group (9.7%; P < 0.001). The patterns of discordance in the postdelivery group were hyperthyroidism in 12, increase in LT dose in 5, hyper- and hypothyroidism in 5, and recurrence of Graves' disease in 1 women. Those in the control group were increase in LT dose, hyperthyroidism, and hypo- and hyperthyroidism. The rate of patients with discordant prepregnancy-postpartum LT doses was higher in the noncarcinoma subgroup (67.7% vs. 20.0%; P < 0.01), whereas in the control group, both subgroups displayed a similar rate of discordance (9.5% vs. 10%; P = NS). In conclusion, this study documents that women with hypothyroidism antedating pregnancy display changes in LT requirements in the first year after delivery that suggest postpartum thyroiditis.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1998

Reversible impairment of renal function associated with enalapril in a diabetic patient.

Acute renal failure and hyperkalemia due to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been described in diabetic patients with other predisposing conditions. The case reported here involves a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria and normal renal function who was treated with enalapril. Two years after initiation of this therapy, at a time when glycemic control was poor, he presented with symptomatic hyperkalemia and impaired renal function accompanied by hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. This case illustrates that reversible impairment of renal function and hyperkalemia can present after 2 years of treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with precipitating factors.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1998

In pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus and intensive therapy, perinatal outcome is worse in small-for-gestational-age newborns.

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the relationship between birth weight and perinatal outcome among women with gestational diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN: The relationship between perinatal outcome and birth weight was analyzed for 821 pregnancies of women with gestational diabetes mellitus attended in a tertiary hospital and receiving intensive metabolic therapy (normocaloric diet, self-monitoring of blood glucose level and individually tailored insulin regimen when needed). The Mantel-Haenszel test was used to adjust for preterm delivery. RESULTS: Seven percent of neonates were small for gestational age, 85% were appropriate for gestational age, and 8% were large for gestational age. After adjustment for preterm delivery the rates of adverse fetal outcome, low 1-minute Apgar score, and hypoglycemia were greater among small for gestational age neonates than among appropriate and large for gestational age infants (odds ratios 3.08, 2.51, and 3.17, respectively). CONCLUSION: Among women with gestational diabetes mellitus who are receiving intensive therapy, perinatal outcome is worse for small for gestational age neonates than for appropriate and large for gestational age neonates.

Apgar Score↗