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Biomedical subjects

R Corinaldesi

Publications and source records attributed to R Corinaldesi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Ranitidine vs cimetidine: short-term treatment of gastric ulcer.

We compared the clinical effectiveness and endoscopic results of ranitidine and cimetidine treatment; 71 outpatients, all affected with benign gastric ulcer, were selected for the study (43 type I, 7 type II and 21 type III, according to Johnson's classification). The patients were treated randomly for 4 weeks with ranitidine (300 mg daily) or cimetidine (1 g daily). An endoscopic examination was repeated within 3 days after the end of the treatment. Clinical checks were performed weekly in order to monitor the clinical course of pain and antacid consumption, according to the patient's needs. The patients who did not demonstrate complete healing on endoscopic examination were treated for an additional 4 week period. At the end of this 4 week period, another endoscopic examination was done. Thirty-six patients treated with ranitidine and 33 with cimetidine completed the first period of therapy. The two groups were homogeneous with regard to sex, age, duration of disease, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and type and size of ulcer. Ranitidine and cimetidine treatments did not demonstrate any significant difference with regard to ulcer healing after the 4th or the 8th week of therapy. Both ranitidine and cimetidine were less effective in healing type I than type II and III G.U., at the 4th week of treatment. No significant differences between the two groups were noted with regard to pain or weekly antacid consumption. No significant side effects were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Endocrine effects of the H2-receptor antagonists cimetidine and ranitidine.

This paper reviews investigations on the endocrine effects of two H2-receptor antagonists, cimetidine and ranitidine. Cimetidine has hyperprolactinaemic properties and interferes with the peripheral activity of the sexual hormone (DHT) and probably with the pituitary LH secretion. A possible effect on TSH and thyroid hormone secretion or peripheral metabolism is suggested. Ranitidine seems to have no central or peripheral effects (after both acute and chronic administration) on sexual hormones. High doses (300 mg i.v. bolus) of the drug induce a significant increase in prolactin basal levels, whereas no effects follow oral administration. The effects on PRL are sex-related and less marked than those obtained with cimetidine. The chronic administration of this drug does not affect basal or TRH-stimulated PRL levels. No effects were apparent on TSH serum levels after either oral or i.v. acute administration, whereas lower basal and TRH-stimulated T4 values were registered after chronic treatment. On the basis of these results, a possible interference of ranitidine on iodothyronine metabolism can be suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Adrenergic modulation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in man.

In order to examine the effect of adrenergic influences on gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) secretion, a series of glucose tolerance tests was carried out in seven healthy volunteers during intravenous infusion of epinephrine (6 microgram/min), epinephrine plus phentolamine (5 mg stat + 0.5 mg/min), epinephrine plus propranolol (5 mg stat + 0.08 mg/min), and saline. No drug infusion modified fasting GIP levels. Alpha-adrenergic stimulation (epinephrine + propranolol) significantly reduced the GIP response (P less than 0.02) and completely inhibited the insulin response (P less than 0.005) to oral glucose, compared with control experiments. Epinephrine alone and epinephrine + phentolamine did not influence glucose-stimulated GIP. These results suggest the possibility that the adrenergic nervous system may have a role in the regulation of GIP secretion in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Function of the internal anal sphincter and rectal sensitivity in idiopathic constipation.

Anal manometry was performed in 8 control individuals (group A) and in 13 patients with idiopathic constipation (group B), 6 of whom were grouped apart (group C) because of an elective delay of the intestinal transit in the rectum. The basal pressure of the internal anal sphincter, the rectal inflation volume necessary to elicit the rectoanal inhibitory reflex, and the duration of the reflex were not significantly different in the three groups, while the maximal amplitude of the reflex was significantly lower in group C at 10 and 100 cm3 of rectal distension. However, the amplitude of the sphincteric relaxation and the rectal inflation volumes were significantly correlated (p less than 0.001) in the three groups. The rectal sensitivity was lower in the patient groups and particularly in group C (p less than 0.05 vs. controls up to 50 cm3 of rectal distension). The results obtained do not support the 'outlet obstruction' hypothesis as a mechanism of idiopathic constipation and point out that rectal hyposensitivity seems to be the only abnormality in these patients, particularly in those with an elective delay of the transit in the rectum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Gastric secretion and emptying of liquids in reflex esophagitis.

We have investigated the gastric secretory activity and the emptying half-time of a liquid meal in 17 selected patients with reflex esophagitis compared to 10 controls. The basal acid output and the basal and maximal secretory volume were higher in the patient group (P less than 0.05, P = 0.05, and P less than 0.01, respectively), while the maximal acid output and the basal and maximal acid concentration were not different in the two groups. The gastric emptying half-time of a liquid meal was higher in the patient group (P less than 0.001). Our results show that gastric function may be altered in reflux esophagitis patients and suggest particularly that a delayed emptying of liquids may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of prolonged administration of ranitidine on pituitary and thyroid hormones, and their response to specific hypothalamic-releasing factors.

We have studied, in a double blind controlled trial, 30 male patients with duodenal ulcer to evaluate the effect of prolonged oral administration of ranitidine (150 mg bd for 4 weeks), a new H2-receptor antagonist, on basal PRL, LH, FSH and TSH concentrations, on their response to specific releasing hormones, and on basal and TRH-stimulated levels of thyroid hormones. Neither the basal levels of PRL, FSH, LH and TSH, nor their response to stimulation with appropriate releasing hormone were affected by ranitidine. Basal concentrations of T4 and its levels after TRH stimulation at 40 min (but not at 20, 60 and 120 min) were lower after ranitidine treatment (P less than 0.05); basal and stimulated T3 and rT3 were unaffected. These results could suggest a possible role of histamine in thyroxine regulation but further studies are required.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition by pirenzepine of nocturnal gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients.

Ten patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to investigate the effect of pirenzepine on nocturnal gastric acid secretion. Pirenzepine, 50 mg orally at bedtime, inhibited acid secretion all night long: the overall volume secreted and acid output (midnight to 7 a.m.) were significantly less than after placebo. The decrease in acid output per hour was significant at 1,2,3,6, and 7 a.m. It was concluded that controlled clinical trials of maintenance therapy for prevention of relapse of healed duodenal ulcers should be carried out with pirenzepine taken at bedtime.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Double blind controlled trial with oxmetidine and cimetidine in the short-term treatment of duodenal ulcer.

Clinical efficacy and safety of oxmetidine (400 mg b.i.d.), a new potent specific H2-receptor antagonist, and cimetidine (1 g/day) were compared in a double-blind randomized trial of 4 weeks duration that involved 39 outpatients with endoscopically proven active duodenal ulcer. The disappearance of the ulcer crater leading to complete reepithelization of the bulbs or to the presence of erosions occurred in 17 out of 19 (89.6%) patients treated with oxmetidine, and in 13 out of 20 (65.0%) patients treated with cimetidine (n.s.). Ulcer symptoms and antacid consumption were not different in two groups. No side effects or significant haematological or biochemical abnormalities were found. Both drugs failed to evoke significant changes in the basal levels of prolactin (PRL) and gonadotropins. The higher, though not significant, percentage of healing obtained with oxmetidine had no clinical relevance and needs to be demonstrated in a larger number of patients.

Adult↗