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Biomedical subjects

R Cornudella

Publications and source records attributed to R Cornudella.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Human tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis: report of 10 cases.

During the period 1986-1990, 10 cases of human disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis were diagnosed in our hospital. The incidence, in relation to the cases of disease from Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnosed in the same period, was 0.9%. The patients had an average age of 32 years (range 5-68 years). Pulmonary disease was observed in 5 patients (50%), lymphadenitis in 2, pleural effusion in 2 and peritoneal in 1. The most significant of the epidemiological features was that 2 patients were veterinary students. There was 1 death from ovarian neoplasia with abdominal dissemination. The other cases responded favourably to treatment with standard chemotherapy of 6-12 months achieving cure, without relapse, of all the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Carcinoembryonic antigen in pleural effusion. Adenocarcinoma versus mesothelioma].

One hundred and thirty six patients presenting pleural effusion and whose diagnosis was obtained by clinical, biochemical, bacteriological, cytological and histological methods have been studied and classified into seven groups: 20 transudates, 29 inflammatory, 25 tuberculosis, 25 non adenocarcinoid neoplasias, 24 adenocarcinomas, 10 mesotheliomas and 3 miscellaneous. Carcinoembryonic antigen was determined in all of them, evaluating as positives those values above 10 ng/ml, value which we consider discriminatory in our series and which agrees with the literature, finding positive values in 21 out of 24 adenocarcinomas and 3 out of 25 non adenocarcinomas. All benign pleural effusions and mesotheliomas had values lower than 10 ng/ml. The specificity to determine adenocarcinomas in neoplastic effusions was 91.48% and the sensibility was 87.5%. We consider that the CEA determination is useful to differentiate adenocarcinomas from other neoplasias and that a positive value rules out mesothelioma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Bacterial pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

Sixty five patients with AIDS and clinical and/or radiological evidence of pulmonary infection underwent 78 bronchofibroscopies (BF) with protected brushing and bronchoalveolar washing-out. Out of the 78 BF, bacterial infection was diagnosed in 30 cases and associated opportunistic infection in 12 cases. The 18 cases of exclusively bacterial infection accounted for 23% of the total and most of them were due by H. influenzae and pneumococcus. Just in one patient, the thoracic radiography showed a localized infiltration. Given the high incidence of bacterial infections observed, along with the relevance of myxoid infections (opportunistic and pyogenic bacteria) and the low specificity of the thoracic radiography, bronchoalveolar washing-out and protected brushing in the same BF is a recommended practice.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Intermittent short-term negative pressure ventilation and increased oxygenation in COPD patients with severe hypercapnic respiratory failure.

With the aim of testing a method that allows increasing concentrations of oxygen to be administered to patients with severe hypoxemia and hypercapnia while avoiding the risk of increasing respiratory acidosis, we studied 17 male patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe hypercapnic respiratory failure. During 6 h and on one day only, all patients were given intermittent negative pressure ventilation (INPV) together with oxygenation starting at a concentration of 24 percent and increasing to 30 percent. Using this procedure, it was possible to raise arterial PaO2 to safe levels (from 47.2 +/- 3 mm Hg to 61.5 +/- 6 mm Hg, p less than 0.001) without increasing hypercapnia, and a significant drop in PaCO2 levels (from 74.4 +/- 9 mm Hg to 65.6 +/- 12 mm Hg, p less than 0.005) was even observed. One hour after INPV ended, the mean values of PaO2, PaCO2, oxygen saturation, and pH were also significantly better than prestudy values. We conclude that INPV and oxygen therapy with increasing oxygen flow could constitute an alternative option to intubation and mechanical ventilation in cases of severe hypercapnic respiratory failure due to advanced COPD.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Multiple primary pulmonary carcinomas].

Three cases of multiple simultaneous primary lung carcinomas are presented, in which diagnosis was established by post-surgery pathological exam. In all three cases, chest X-ray showed pulmonary masses suggestive or clinical malignancy, and pre-surgery pathological diagnosis or squamous lung carcinoma. During thoracotomy or in the resected segment, a second lesion we confirmed which made resection necessary being this second lesion classified as lung adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Pulmonary disease caused by opportunistic environmental mycobacteria. Review of 35 cases].

The clinical characteristics, radiologic findings, and therapeutic response in 35 cases of pulmonary disease induced by opportunistic environmental mycobacteria collected during a period of 4 years are reported. These cases included 21 infections by Mycobacterium kansasii, 10 by M. xenopi, and 4 by M. avium. The cases reported constituted the 6% of all mycobacterial infections of the lung observed in our institution. The mean age of the patients was 56 years and 83% of them were male. The presence of previous pulmonary involvement was rather frequent, specially the existence of chronic limitation of the air flow (CLAF) (91%) and previous tuberculosis (29%). The clinical symptoms were almost nonspecific and they could frequently be misinterpreted as an intercurrent infection in cases of CLAF. The radiologic findings could not be distinguished from an infection by M. tuberculosis. The clinical course with pharmacologic first line therapy (93% of cases) was satisfactory in 28 patients in whom follow-up controls are available.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Intravascular bronchoalveolar tumor.

We report the case of a young woman presenting productive cough and arthralgia in the left ankle. Chest radiography revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules and abdominal echography and computerized axial tomography demonstrated various hepatic nodules. Definitive diagnosis of an intravascular bronchoalveolar tumor was reached by an open pulmonary biopsy. Liver involvement was confirmed by laparoscopy and biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Moderate deficiency of Factor XII associated with postoperative deep venous thrombosis].

The interrelationship between factor XII deficiency (Hageman trait) and thrombosis is well known. A case of moderate factor XII deficiency (activity, 30%) associated to deep vein thrombosis, which occurred in the popliteal region of the left lower limb after abdominal surgery, is reported. The deficit was found in 4 family members of the three generations studied, and all of them showed a close interrelationship between factor XII activity and kallikrein levels. Prolonged APTT was found in 3 of the 4 affected subjects. A multiallelic model is suggested to explain the genetic transmission of this impairment.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Febarbamate-induced pulmonary eosinophilia: a case report.

Subacute pulmonary hypersensitivity to febarbamate is reported, manifested by peripheral eosinophilia, skin rash and pulmonary bilateral infiltrates. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed an increased eosinophil count, and transbronchial biopsy an intraalveolar and interstitial eosinophil infiltration. The reaction cleared on cessation of the drug, and a rechallenge test with febarbamate induced peripheral eosinophilia and skin rash.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Evolution of spirographic patterns in pulmonary bilaterally denervated dogs.

One stage total bilateral pulmonary denervation produced in a group of 23 dogs an increase breathing frequency, an increase in the amplitude of respiration and a characteristic morphology of the spirographic pattern. Later in the evolution, these alterations returned to normal with the exeption of the amplitude of respiration which remained increased. This normalization was not accompanied by the reappearance of the Hering-Breuer reflux. Administration of an aerosol of acetylcholine after normalization of the spirographic pattern produced a temporary reappearance of the immediate postdenervation spirographic pattern. We postulate that in denervated lung a nervous plexus localized in the bronchi not related to the vagus might assume an important role in the regulation of respiration. One cannot exclude, however, the possibility that the reappearance of postdenervation pattern is due to stimulation of airways vagal receptors located in areas proximal to the level of the nervous section.

Acetylcholine↗