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Biomedical subjects

R Couch

Publications and source records attributed to R Couch.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

The changing picture of pseudotumor cerebri in children.

Among 38 children with pseudotumor cerebri only 3 cases were due to ear disease or its complications. The commonest cause was a refeeding syndrome either due to nutritional deprivation or as an early finding in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. It is uncommon to find the cause of pseudotumor in older children but in those under 6 years the cause was found in 85%. Because of the adverse effects of steroids we use this treatment in the more resistant cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Suturable gastrointestinal cannulas for animals of various sizes.

A new procedure in which gastrointestinal cannulas are prepared from suturable material improves in vovo methods and requires little machining. Substitution of a suturable material for rigid collars, previously used, prevents leakage, infection, and loss of the cannulas into the gut lumen. The technique has been successfully applied to rats, rabbits, and dogs; consequently it should be useful in animals of almost any size. Two designs of cannulas with descriptions of their implantation are presented. The first version fits into each end of a gut loop and is useful for perfusion, digestion, and secretion studies. The second version forms a sidearm through which feeding or sampling can be carried out at any point in the intestine or the stomach.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The evolution of air transport systems: a pictorial review.

The air transport of patients began over seventy years ago in primitive biplanes. The ability to fly over the obstacles of the battlefield created enthusiasm in both the military and the medical communities. With the advent of vertical flight, the need for conventional runways was obviated allowing for casualties to be transported directly from the site of injury. After their introduction as air ambulances in 1945, helicopters soon supplanted ground ambulances with their speed and versatility. By the mid-1960s, civilian casualties were being transported by helicopter as regional trauma care developed in the United States. Today aeromedical programs continue to expand rapidly, even as closer scrutiny of their efficacy, cost, and safety are explored. A pictorial review highlighting the evolution of air transport systems is presented.

Aircraft↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interspecies comparison of the pharmacokinetics of aldose reductase inhibitors.

The pharmacokinetics of three aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) were evaluated in various species, including rat, dog, cynomolgus monkey, rhesus monkey, chimpanzee, and man. The three ARIs (AL01567, AL01576, and AL01750) were administered intravenously as a single dose to all species except rat, which was dosed orally with AL01750, and man, who was dosed orally with AL01567 and AL01576. Plasma drug concentrations were measured by HPLC or liquid scintillation spectrometry and various pharmacokinetic parameters (clearance, CL; Vd, volume of distribution; and t1/2) were calculated from the data. Overall the pharmacokinetics of the three compounds were quite similar, each being characterized by low CL, intermediate Vd, and long t1/2. For AL01576, mean CL ranged from 0.21 ml/min/kg in cynomolgus monkey to 0.91 ml/min/kg in dog, mean Vd from 0.66 liter/kg in cynomolgus monkey to 2.4 liters/kg in dog and man and mean t1/2 from 29 hr in dog to 72 hr in man. Mean CL of AL01567 ranged from 0.14 ml/min/kg in man to 1.4 ml/min/kg in dog, mean Vd from 0.45 liter/kg in rat to 3.5 liters/kg in dog and mean t1/2 from 22 hr in rhesus monkey to 63 hr in man. Mean CL of AL01750 ranged from 0.13 ml/min/kg in chimpanzee to 1.3 ml/min/kg in dog, mean Vd from 0.40 liter/kg in rat to 1.8 liters/kg in dog and mean t1/2 from 12 hr in rhesus monkey to 62 hr in chimpanzee. For all three drugs, CL and Vd corrected for body weight were quite similar in all species except dog, whose CL and Vd were two- to fourfold greater than the other animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aldehyde Reductase↗