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Biomedical subjects

R D Bulbrook

Publications and source records attributed to R D Bulbrook.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The relation between radiological patterns of the breast and body weight and height.

Mammograms were obtained from 942 normal volunteer women aged over 35 years, and were classified by Wolfe's criteria. There was no relationship between height and mammographic pattern. An increase in weight, whether corrected for height or not, was associated with an increase in the proportion of N grades and a concomitant decrease in DY grade mammograms. This effect reached formal significance in pre-menopausal women but was highly significant in post-menopausal women. For women who were either above or below their ideal weight there was a significant positive correlation between parity and the proportion of N and P1 mammograms. The slopes of the linear regression for these two groups were the same, although the elevation of the above-ideal weight group was significantly greater. This implies that for any given parity, there are about 16% more N or P1 grades in the above-ideal compared with the below-ideal weight group.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Plasma prolactin levels and breast cancer: relation to parity, weight and height, and age at first birth.

Plasma prolactin has been measured in over 3,500 women volunteers from a normal population. In premenopausal women there was a significant decrease in prolactin levels with increasing parity. However, this effect was transitory since plasma prolactin concentration rose with increasing time after the birth of the last child. There were no significant differences in prolactin levels with respect to height and weight, although overweight compared to underweight women had approximately 15% more plasma prolactin. If prolactin is a carcinogen, then these results are in keeping with the epidemiological findings that multiparity affords protection and that age at last delivery is a risk factor in the development of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A prospective study of plasma prolactin levels and subsequent risk of breast cancer.

Plasma prolactin was measured in 2,572 pre-menopausal, 628 menopausal, and 1,666 peri- and post-menopausal women who were apparently healthy. Breast cancer was subsequently diagnosed in 47 of these women at a median time of 5 years after blood collection (pre-cancer cases). Prolactin levels in pre-menopausal cases increased significantly with age whereas this was not found in matched controls. The perimenopausal cases were characterized by extreme variability in prolactin levels. In post-menopausal women who developed breast cancer, the prolactin levels were significantly elevated, being at or above the 70th percentile for the controls. In this group the results are consistent with prolactin acting as a late-stage tumour promoter.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The relation between radiographic features and determinants of risk of breast cancer.

Mammograms were obtained from 942 normal women aged over 30 years, and were classified by Wolfe's criteria. In women with an enhanced risk of breast cancer associated with a late age at first child or nulliparity, there was a significant increase in the proportion of P2 and DY mammographic patterns which are thought to be a radiological index of risk. There was a decrease in the proportion of P2 and DY grades in women using steroidal contraceptives. However, the association between radiological and epidemiological determinants of risk did not hold for age at menarche.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ovarian irradiation and prednisone therapy following surgery and radiotherapy for carcinoma of the breast.

Following mastectomy, patients with operable breast cancer underwent postoperative irradiation of the chest wall and regional lymph nodes. They were then assigned at random to receive no further therapy, ovarian irradiation (2000 rads in 5 days) or ovarian irradiation in the same dosage plus prednisone, 7.5 mg daily. A total of 705 patients received the randomly assigned treatment and were followed for up to 10 years. In premenopausal patients who received ovarian irradiation the recurrence of breast cancer was delayed and survival prolonged, but not significantly. In premenopausal women aged 45 years or more ovarian irradiation plus prednisone therapy significantly delayed the recurrence of breast cancer (P = 0.02) and prolonged survival (P = 0.02); the survival expectancy of these patients was similar to that of the general population of the same age from the third year after the cancer operation. No value was demonstrated for ovarian irradiation with or without prednisone therapy in postmenopausal patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Plasma IgA, IgG and IgM and their relationship to breast cancer in British, Japanese and Hawaiian-Japanese women.

The plasma levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG and IgM have been measured in 35 British, 44 Hawaiian-Japanese and 37 Japanese healthy adult women. Previous investigations showed that the mean levels of all three immunoglobulins were higher in Japanese than in British normal women. The present study finds that Hawaiian-Japanese women have "Japanese" levels of IgA, "British" levels of IgM and are intermediate for IgG. Thus, plasma IgM concentrations correlate with breast cancer incidence rates in the three racial groups and the reduced amounts of plasma IgM found in Japanese patients with breast cancer support this association.

Asian People↗
PubMed1978

Abnormalities in evening plasma prolactin levels in nulliparous women with benign or malignant breast disease.

In the present study the assay results of prolactin concentrations in serial samples of blood obtained from premenopausal women with benign or malignant disease of the breast are compared with--and discussed in relation to--findings reported in earlier studies based on single samples of blood taken at various times from a large and ostensibly normal population of women. The finding of an abnormality in nycthemeral prolactin levels in the established disease is considered to strengthen the concept that the same abnormality found in high-risk groups is of aetiological importance.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1978

An abnormal early evening peak of plasma prolactin in nulliparous and obese post-menopausal women.

Plasma specimens were obtained in the afternoon (13.30 to 17.29 h) from 668 post-menopausal women and in the evening (17.30 to 20.30 h) from 219 further women. The mean evening plasma prolactin level was significantly higher than that found in the afternoon (p less than 0.0007). Mean afternoon prolactin levels were not related to nulliparity and body weight. In nulliparous obese women the mean of the evening peak prolactin concentrations was double that of comparable women studied in the afternoon (p less than 0.003).

Circadian Rhythm↗