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R D Eavey

Publications and source records attributed to R D Eavey.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

An assessment of grafts in the posterior cricoid lamina.

Subglottic stenosis is a recognized complication of prolonged intubation. To date, there is no uniformly successful operative procedure for severe subglottic stenosis, fulfilling the criteria of decannulation and a serviceable voice. The surgical ideals for such a procedure should include the use of autogenous grafting material, avoidance of internal stenting, and limited manipulation of the mucosa. This study was intended to assess the fate of isolated hyoid and thyroid alar grafts interposed in the posterior cricoid lamina. Additionally, anterior/posterior splits with and without anterior grafting were evaluated. Seventeen dogs were used in the determinate animal model. Vocal cord mobility was evaluated by direct laryngoscopy prior to sacrifice. Graphic gross anatomical specimens depict the effects of anterior/posterior splitting on the cricoid cartilage. Clinical correlations are suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Management of nasal septal abscess.

Nasal septal abscesses are uncommon. Sixteen cases from the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary were reviewed retrospectively and are presented. The diagnosis, bacteriology, and pathophysiology are discussed. Immediate therapy is indicated to avoid cosmetic deformity or intracranial infection. Treatment is based on diagnostic needle aspiration, antibiotic coverage and surgical drainage.

Abscess↗
PubMed1980

Recurrent parotitis during childhood.

A case of a child suffering from recurrent parotitis secondary to inadvertant chewing on Stensen's duct orifice suggests that this cause may be common to other children plagued by this puzzling disorder.

Cheek↗
PubMed1979

A new device for diagnosis and treatment of neonatal pneumothorax.

A new closed-system device for the diagnosis and treatment of pneumothorax was evaluated in ten New Zealand white rabbits and compared with and open-system needle. The closed-system device proved to be safe for diagnostic thoracentesis. There were no pneumothoraces as a result of the procedure with the closed-system device as confirmed by chest roentgenograms and pleural pressure measurements. In contrast, 70% of the diagnostic thoracenteses with the open-system needle were associated with pneumothorax documented by x-ray films and a significant increase in mean pleural pressure. The new apparatus was more efficacious for evacuation of pneumothoraces because complete air removal occurred in 90% of the rabbits as compared with 60% of trials with the open-system needle. If the efficacy of the new closed-system device proves to be good in human infants, the pediatrician encountering a tension pneumothorax in the newborn can use a completely assembled system that is safe for diagnosing and treating this acute life-threatening condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The "chubby puffer" syndrome. Upper airway obstruction and obesity, with intermittent somnolence and cardiorespiratory embarrassment.

Upper airway obstruction and obesity can produce cardiopulmonary distress in susceptible children. Three such children with chronic airway obstruction due to hypertrophied tonsillar and adenoidal tissue developed pronounced obesity, which in turn helped to provoke sleep alterations, cardiac signs, and abnormal arterial blood gas values. After tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy the symptoms were relieved.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1976

Production of male pseudohermaphroditism in rats by two new inhibitors of steroid 17alpha-hydroxylase and C 17-20 lyase.

Two new synthetic steroid analogues, (I) 16beta-bromo-3beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-pregnane-11,20-dione and (II) 17beta-ureido-1,4-androstadien-3-one have been shown to give kinetic patterns consistent with active-site-directed irreversible inhibition of adult rat testicular microsomal steroid 17alpha-hydroxylase and C17-20 lyase in vitro. Administration of both analogues to adult male rats for 24 h produced potent inhibition of these testicular enzymes in vivo. Given to pregnant rats during the critical period of male organogenesis they produced hypospadias: a characteristic of the syndrome in man in which these enzymes are defective genetically. Given to male rat pups during the first 9 days of life, inhibitor II produced significantly smaller prostates and seminal vesicles in adulthood, indicating the usefulness of this inhibitor in studies on the role of testosterone in neonatal programming of target organ size in adulthood. Thus, two new enzyme inhibitors have been shown to block testosterone production in the foetal and neonatal rat selectively at the site of the hydroxylase without other apparent hormonal effects or influence on adrenal size.

Androstadienes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathology of the ears, eyes, and brain in Norrie's disease (oculoacousticocerebral degeneration).

Norrie's disease is an x-linked recessive disorder characterized by progressive oculoacousticocerebral degeneration. The light and electron microscopic changes in the temporal bones, eyes, and brain of an affected 77-year-old man who suffered from bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss, blindness, and mental retardation are described. The inner ears showed marked atrophy of the stria vascularis, severe degeneration of hair cells and cochlear neurons, and connective tissue proliferation in the spiral ganglion, osseous spiral lamina, and walls of the membranous vestibular labyrinth. The eyes showed detached retinae, dense proliferation of fibrillary glial cells in the retina and vitreous, severe atrophy of the optic nerves, and degenerative hyalinization of blood vessels. This case is the first published report of the histopathology of the inner ear in Norrie's disease.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hodgkin's disease of the nasopharynx.

Malignant lymphoma of the Hodgkin's disease type involving the nasopharynx has been considered a rare entity. However, recent publications suggest that such involvement may not be uncommon. The authors describe their experience with two patients with histologically proven involvement of the nasopharynx by Hodgkin's disease. The diagnosis is difficult to establish. Histologic confirmation may require persistence and necessitates close cooperation with the pathologist. The prognostic significance of Hodgkin's disease involvement of the nasopharynx remains unknown. The otolaryngologist should be aware of these issues and be available to assist in the evaluation of the patient with lymphoma.

Hodgkin Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expansion of the number of human auricular chondrocytes: recycling of culture media containing floating cells.

To grow a complete human size auricle by utilizing the principles of tissue engineering, a large number of chondrocytes is required for initial implantation. The number of chondrocytes can be increased by repeated passaging or by incubation with different growth factors, both of which can promote dedifferentiation. New methods of chondrocyte expansion over a relatively brief time period for potential practical application are required. In this study auricular chondrocytes were obtained from patients and cultured in vitro. Two groups of cells were created. Group A chondrocyte number was increased by repeated passaging. Group B cells were grown from floating culture medium and their number was increased both by passaging and by repeated recycling of the culture medium. Chondrocytes from both groups were implanted in nude mice for 8 weeks to generate tissue-engineered cartilage. Flow cytometry studies performed on both groups confirmed the presence of two distinct populations of structures as the source of chondrocytes from the recycled medium. Repeated recycling of the culture medium demonstrates a promising method to increase the number of chondrocytes in vitro for clinical application.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A closed system device for diagnosis and evaluation of neonatal pneumothoraces.

A closed system device with teflon needle, sideholes, and attached stopcock was designed and evaluated for diagnosis and evacuation of neonatal pneumothoraces. Experience with this device has demonstrated specific advantages over existing needles and techniques. Since the system is airtight, diagnosis of pneumothorax can be performed without the risk of introducing air. In addition, the needle sideholes provide more complete and efficient evacuation of air and fluids from the pleural cavity.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcific tendinitis of the longus colli muscle.

Facility in the evaluation of the cervical prevertebral soft tissues should be a skill of any otolaryngologist. Tendinitis of the longus colli muscle mimics more serious disease processes of the prevertebral cervical region that the otolaryngologist may be required to evaluate. It has, however, received little attention in otolaryngological literature. Five cases from the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary are presented. Calcific tendinitis of the longus colli muscle is an easily recognized clinical and radiological syndrome. Characteristic features include cervical pain, dysphagia, and distinctive radiographs. The pathognomonic lateral neck film reveals prevertebral soft tissue swelling and an amorphous radiodensity anterior to the C-1 and C-2 vertebral bodies. Symptoms usually manifest over a few days and resolve benignly within 2 weeks.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adult supraglottitis. A prospective analysis.

Epiglottitis in pediatric patients is an infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, which can lead rapidly to sepsis and an asphyxial death. In an effort to study the cause and clinical course of adult epiglottitis, eight serially hospitalized adult patients with supraglottitis over a ten-month period were prospectively evaluated, including a daily laryngeal examination. Although multiple anatomic sites in the larynx and oropharynx were inflamed, the epiglottis was often not the most involved area and was actually normal in one patient. Bacterial cultures were harvested from blood, the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the vallecula in all patients and the preepiglottic space in two patients. In no case was H influenzae demonstrated. No patient developed respiratory compromise. It was concluded that epiglottitis is an inaccurate description of this disorder and that this non-H influenzae adult variety of supraglottitis seemingly can follow a less pernicious course than the classically described infection.

Adolescent↗