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Biomedical subjects

R D Goldney

Publications and source records attributed to R D Goldney.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Factors associated with 'masked' psychological illness in the elderly.

In order to elucidate the 'masked' nature of psychiatric illness in the elderly, subjects attending a suburban community day centre were screened for organic and functional psychological illness and also administered an illness behaviour questionnaire. For those subjects, non-organically impaired, the probable functional psychiatric cases were compared with the other attenders. There were no differences between the groups on the scales indicating denial and psychological mindedness, but the probable cases scored significantly higher on affective inhibition, indicating a conscious suppression of feelings. These findings not only provide objective data which support the previous clinically observed 'masked' nature of psychological illness in the elderly, but also give the clinician guidance in elucidating such 'masked' illness.

Affect↗
PubMed1983

Cohort analysis of suicide rates in Australia.

Age-specific cohort analysis of Australian suicide rates confirmed recent Canadian and American reports of a substantial increase in suicide rate among young age groups. However, it was unable to replicate fully the previous findings that not only did successive birth cohorts have higher suicide rates, but that at each successive five-year period they had higher suicide rates than preceding cohorts had at that age. The major differences could be explained on the basis of the introduction of legislation that restricted the prescription of sedatives. This suggests that although there may be early and lasting effects on successive birth cohorts contributing to a general increase in cohort-specific suicide rates in the countries examined, such rates also can be influenced by changing environmental factors more immediately related to the suicide itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Attempted suicide and death anxiety.

Young women who had attempted suicide (N = 103) had scores similar to those of a nonsuicidal group (N = 24) on a validated Death Anxiety Scale. Although the lethality of the suicide attempt was not significantly related to death anxiety, there was a weak but significant negative correlation between measures of suicidal intent and death anxiety, indicating stronger suicidal intent in subjects with less death anxiety. Because of the weakness of this correlation, it cannot be assumed that a patient who indicates that she is particularly afraid of death will not engage in a suicide attempt with high lethality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome is an uncommon, potentially fatal, adverse reaction to major tranquillisers. Prompt diagnosis, cessation of medication and supportive medical care are essential in management.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Alcohol in association with suicide and attempted suicide in young women.

The use of alcohol in suicidal behaviour in young women, aged from 18 to 30 years, does not appear to be exceptional when compared to reports of its general community use. Significantly fewer patients who made suicide attempts with a high physical risk to life reported the use of alcohol either in general, or with their suicide attempt. Although it has long been assumed that alcohol bears a causal relationship to suicidal behaviour, inquiry into specific groups of suicidal subjects appears to be indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Depression in young women who have attempted suicide. An international replication study.

In accord with a recent Australian study, a greater proportion of young women who attempted suicide in 4 centres in Australia, Canada and New Zealand were designated as manifesting a depressive syndrome by a depression questionnaire than would have been anticipated on the basis of previous clinical reports. Furthermore, on the basis of a decision-rule applied to the questionnaire responses, one-third of subjects in each centre were allocated to the "endogenous' category of depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Parental loss and reported childhood stress in young women who attempt suicide.

For young women aged 18 to 30 years who attempted suicide, and whose suicide attempts were of widely differing physical threat to life, the experience of parental death and separation or divorce, and of reported childhood stress, was similar, irrespective of the lethality of the suicide attempt. Taken as a group, the suicide attempters reported significantly greater childhood stress and more often had experienced parental loss through separation or divorce than young women in a control group. The association between parental loss and suicidal behaviour did not appear to be an artefact of a primary relationship between parental loss and depression. Five of eight reported childhood stress factors significantly distinguished the suicidal and control subjects. Those who attempted suicide were more likely to report a childhood broken home, that their parents quarrelled often, that they had frequent disagreements with their parents, that they had poor physical health, and that they perceived their parents' character negatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Are young women who attempt suicide hysterical?

Young women who had attempted suicide did not score in a more hysterical manner than women in a comparison group when assessed by the Hysteroid-Obsessoid Questionnaire. Those who made suicide attempts resulting in little physical harm more often demonstrated hysterical traits than those whose attempt involved a serious threat to life. However, even in those subjects the majority did not score in an hysteroid manner, and they certainly scored in a less hysteroid manner than subjects of the comparison group. These results are in accord with the small literature using standardised assessments, and do not support the clinical view that young women who attempt suicide exhibit marked hysterical traits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Attempted suicide in young women: correlates of lethality.

One hundred and ten young women aged 18 to 30 years who had attempted suicide by drug overdose were divided into three groups on the basis of the physical threat to life of their suicide attempt. Young women whose suicide attempts resulted in the greatest risk to life were more often unmarried or not in a de facto relationship; reported little use of alcohol; had had recent contact with a psychiatrist; had taken more than 20 tablets or capsules, most often antidepressants; and had a high degree of suicidal intent and hopelessness. Furthermore, there were trends for them to be of high socio-economic status; to have had less history of violence, both used and sustained; to more often demonstrate schizoid personality traits; and to report less death anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Locus of control as a predictor of attendance and success in the management of obesity.

For subjects attending a suburban self-help weight reduction program, successful weight reduction was associated with a relatively more 'internal' score. Although it may be expecting too much of the locus of control construct to provide confirmation of an overall theoretical basis or understanding to obesity, it would appear to warrant further evaluation with specific groups of obese subjects undergoing different weight reduction programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Attitudes to patients who attempt suicide.

A survey of attitudes towards persons who attempt suicide is described. A considerable degree of non-sympathy was reported, particularly by those hospital-based staff members who have initial contact with these patients, not only for personal attitude, but also for professional attitude. Although behaviour in the clinical situation cannot necessarily be assumed on the basis of expressed attitudes, these results give grounds for concern, as there are suggestions in the literature that further suicidal behaviour may be precipitated in such patients if they perceive rejection by therapists.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1980

Attempted suicide: an ethological perspective.

Attempted suicides are complex phenomena. Examination of the observed and described behavior permits an analogy to be drawn between them and the biological concept of "conservation withdrawal." This cognizance of innate of innate responses, individual differences and changing socio-cultural standards. Such a formulation more readily allows a non-judgemental approach to the patient, with acceptance of both the appeal and wish to die components. In addition, it offers a different view of the nosological debate, rendering the differences more apparent than real.

Adult↗