Proteinuria in nonrenal infectious diseases.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
R D Horstmann
Publications and source records attributed to R D Horstmann.
High efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of 22 patients with Clonorchis/Opisthorchis infections.
In a prospective clinical study, the efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of 22 patients with Clonorchis/Opisthorchis infections was investigated. The dose regimen was 90 mg per kg bodyweight, divided into three equal doses given on consecutive days. Parasitological, clinical, routine haematological and biochemical parameters were followed up for twelve months. Twenty patients (91%) had no detectable egg excretion in the feces or duodenal fluid after one treatment only. Two patients required repeated treatments and a different dose regimen. No serious side effects were observed. Praziquantel proved to be a safe and effective drug for therapy of Clonorchis/Opisthorchis infections.
Adolescent↗
Tolerance of mefloquine alone and in combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in the prophylaxis of malaria.
A randomized double blind study was performed to evaluate the tolerance and the acceptance of mefloquine alone (Lariam) compared to a combined drug regimen consisting of mefloquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (MSP; Fansimef) in the prophylaxis of malaria. 175 Europeans travelling to different malaria endemic areas received either mefloquine alone (250 mg/week) or its combination with sulfadoxine (500 mg/week) plus pyrimethamine (25 mg/week). One person taking mefloquine and two taking MSP discontinued the drug intake because of moderate clinical side effects. Mild and moderate adverse clinical reactions predominantly concerning the gastro-intestinal tract and the autonomous nervous system were reported with a significantly higher occurrence in the MSP group. With both prophylactic regimens, reversibly elevated liver enzyme activities (glutamate oxalate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase [GPT]) were observed after prophylaxis. The increase of GPT serum activity correlated significantly with relatively high GPT levels before prophylaxis in both groups. This finding suggests a limited use of both regimens in cases of liver dysfunction. One case of mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria was observed from West Africa; this patient was cured by a standard regimen of chloroquine.
Adolescent↗
Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to Onchocerca volvulus antigens in exposed and non-exposed African individuals.
Although considered of critical importance, the mode of helper T-lymphocyte function in Onchocerca volvulus infection is still unclear including the role of the Th1/Th2 dichotomy. We studied the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction, which is the classical Th1 response, to O. volvulus antigens in Africans exposed and not exposed to the infection. DTH reactions were found in a small percentage of patients with generalized onchocerciasis, but in a high percentage of patients with localized onchocerciasis, in putatively immune subjects, and also in non-exposed individuals, which may be due to cross-reactivity with other nematodes. These findings support the notions of (i) prenatal influence of maternal O. volvulus infection preventing development of Th1 responses and/or (ii) suppression of Th1 responses by the infection itself.
Adolescent↗