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Biomedical subjects

R D Müller

Publications and source records attributed to R D Müller.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Changes in muscle blood flow after smoking a cigarette determined by a new noninvasive method.

In 9 healthy subjects the effect of smoking one cigarette (nicotine content 0.9 mg) on blood pressure, heart rate and total and muscle blood flow in the forearm was measured. Blood flow was measured by a new noninvasive plethysmographic method that simultaneously gives quantitative data about total and muscle blood flow. Smoking the cigarette did not significantly affect blood pressure or heart rate. Total blood flow in the forearm did not change but the flow to the muscle was increased and resistance in this vascular bed was decreased. The pattern of haemodynamic changes in the forearm indicates that epinephrine may be the mediator of the circulatory effects of nicotine.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Roentgenmorphologic findings in systemic dermatoses].

Skeleton and soft tissue findings in systemic dermatoses sometimes allow early differentiation between diseases affecting the skin only and those involving other organs too. Rarely, ossious alterations can be detected even before any cutaneous manifestations have shown up. Apart from a tabular survey, we refer in detail to the frequency as well as the diagnostic value of ossious and soft tissue findings in dermatomyositis, lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, psoriasis, Reiter's disease, sarcoidosis, neurofibromatosis (Recklinghausen's disease), histiocytosis X, and pretibial myxedema. Particular attention is paid to the problems of differential diagnosis with special regard to rheumatoid arthritis.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Radiological diagnosis of late effects on thoracic organs after chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy as well as after radionuclide therapy].

With respect to the considerable risk involved in oncologic therapy methods, especially when bleomycin is administered, a specific observation of the possibly fatal side effects is necessary. As, for example, a regression of pulmonary alterations caused by bleomycin is possible when they are detected early, the call for early recognition of developing lesions is becoming more and more urgent. Conventional radiologic diagnosis is scarcely important in early recognition, but X-ray computed tomography is a suitable imaging method because it is able to visualize tiny intrapulmonary and pleural alterations. The CT image of bleomycin pneumopathy is variable. There are irregular, partly sharply defined nodular structures. They are generally found in peripheric sites near to the pleura with the exception of the pleura mediastinalis. Contrary to functional investigations such as the determination of the CO diffusion capacity which are equipment- and cost-consuming, X-ray computed tomography does not only offer a qualitative information on an existing pneumopathy, but provides also a precise localization of these pulmonary alterations. Computed tomography is a method for the quantitative assessment of the peripheral lung density with the same amount of information as the measurement of the gas transfer per pulmonary volume unity. However, it offers the advantage of a simultaneous qualitative visual judgement of the organ, i.e. not only the types and dimensions of pulmonary lesions can be assessed, but the physiologic effect of these lesions, i.e. the pulmonary function, can be determined by quantitative density measurement, too. Thus quantitative computed tomography represents an alternative in the assessment of the pulmonary function. According to the recommendations of Bellamy et al., it should be combined to routine computed tomography of the thorax. The method of choice for the diagnosis of anthracycline cardiotoxicity is radionuclide ventriculography. A decrease of the left ventricle expulsion to less than 45% is considered as a critical value. However, cardiac side effects of cytostatic drugs can be detected early in the individual course, so that late effects in the sense of irreversible cardiomyopathy are prevented.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Computed tomography guided positioning of catheters for temperature measurement in hyperthermia of malignant tumors].

Prior to a combined treatment with ionizing radiation and hyperthermia, 38 patients with superficial, semi-deep, and deep tumors received catheters for temperature measuring probes which were introduced under CT control. After having established a localization diagnosis and determined the angle for the puncture as well as the length of the puncture canal, a puncture needle containing a closed teflon catheter was introduced subsequent to local anaesthesia and puncture incision of the skin. None of the patients needed a general analgetic and sedative treatment. 10% of the patients presented a dislocation making necessary a reimplantation. Local infections at the catheter insertion point were observed in three cases, a phlegmonous inflammation was seen only in one patient who had undergone an immunosuppression by means of cytostatic drugs. In one patient a temporary bleeding led to a slight haemoglobin reduction which, however, did not require further therapeutic measures. The insertion of catheters for intratumoral temperature measurement was well tolerated by the patients. It could be performed in out-patients with good general condition and no further risk factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Radiation and hyperthermia in the treatment of superficial and semi-deep tumors: heat profile, heat doses, tumor remission].

Between August, 1986 and October, 1987, 364 hyperthermia treatments combined with radiotherapy were performed in mostly locally advanced and recurrent tumors. Half of the patients could only be exposed to relatively small radiation doses of 20 to 36 Gy. The therapy results of 24 patients with 26 treated tumor sites showed complete remission in 22% and partial remission in 42% of the sites. The dependence of tumor remission on the dose of radiation and heat and the inhomogeneity of the temperature distribution are discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Primary radiotherapy of prostatic carcinoma--the results at Essen with 173 patients].

173 patients suffering from prostate carcinomas of stages A to C received percutaneous irradiations. The five-year survival is 100% in stage A (n = 6), 79% in stage B (n = 41), and 68% in stage C (n = 126). 116 patients received only percutaneous irradiation after needle biopsy, 30 patients were irradiated subsequently to surgical intervention, and 27 were treated by hormones during primary therapy. An analysis was made about survival, recurrence rate, metastasis-free interval, and incidence of metastases in dependence on stage, grading, and different forms of primary treatment. The importance of stage and grading as prognostic factors is confirmed by the results of this study. Extended primary therapy (surgery and/or hormones) seems to bring no benefit as compared to radiotherapy alone. Transurethral resection of the prostate as a surgical/diagnostic intervention has an unfavorable influence on the prognosis.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment possibilities of recurrences of lymphogranulomatosis].

The authors present seven typical cases chosen from a group of thirty patients with recurrent Hodgkin's disease. One out of these patients suffered from two recurrences, five patients from three recurrences each, and one patient from six recurrences. The observation period, beginning with the primary treatment, was between five and 16 years. None of the patients was exclusively irradiated or only treated by cytostatic drugs. Therefore after primary radiotherapy in the stages I to III A, later recurrences could often be successfully treated by an alternating application of cytostatic drugs and repeated radiotherapy. After primary chemotherapy of the advanced primary stages III B to IV B, too, a remission of the second and third recurrence could often be achieved by radiotherapy. Furthermore, the application of alternative schemes such as Holoxan-Vepesid has to be taken into account in the treatment of recurrences. The repeated application of C-MOPP after an interval of at least twelve months also produces good rates of response. The present results allow to make the conclusion that a successful treatment of the second and third and even of further recurrences is possible by a combined application of irradiation and cytostatic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Results of standardized postoperative radiotherapy in circumscribed breast cancer. A retrospective study of 432 patients].

From 1970 through 1981 232 women with breast cancer (190 with T1 N0 M0 and 242 with T2 N0 M0 disease) received postoperative radiotherapy . The usual surgical procedure was simple mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. The chest wall was irradiated using 137Caesium up to 40 Gy, while supraclavicular, infraclavicular and axillary lymph node areas were irradiated using 5,7 MeV photons up to 45 Gy. The rate of local recurrence was 2,4% and 3,3% in stage T1 and T2 respectively. The corresponding projected ten-year-survival was 88% and 78%, respectively. These data and results obtained by others may strengthen the grounds for recommending conservative surgical approaches in early stage breast cancer, in combination with tumoricidal radiotherapy, individualized according to the anatomic tumor site.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiological determination of femoral rotation deformity--computerized tomography, optimized measurement accuracy and exposure dosage].

58 Patients, suspicious to have rotation deformity of the femur, were examined. To compare the value of diagnostic methods in measuring the degree of malrotation we estimated this degree using clinical examination and calculated the anteversion of the femoral neck, taking radiographs in the technique of Dunn and Rippstein, and a modified method of computed tomography. Only in twelve cases the direction of malrotation was corresponding in all three methods, although considerable variations in quantitative results were noted. Maintaining the exact position of the patient, necessary to get reproducible results using conventional X-ray technique, was impossible in most cases of patients with posttraumatic joint-stiffness and malalignment. Determination of femoral neck anteversion using this modified method of CT is a quick, reproducible technique to calculate the degree of malrotation, insensitive to the position of the patient. By means of this CT method it was possible to approach the highest accuracy in precise preoperative planing. Furthermore the radiation exposure could be reduced in a range of 20%-40%.

Adult↗