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Biomedical subjects

R D Reinecke

Publications and source records attributed to R D Reinecke.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Signs distinguishing spasmus nutans (with and without central nervous system lesions) from infantile nystagmus.

Clinical findings as well as eye and head movement recordings were analyzed from 23 patients with spasmus nutans without central nervous system (CNS) changes, 10 patients with spasmus nutans-like disease (head nodding, intermittent nystagmus associated with intracranial anomalies or visual pathway disorders), and 25 patients with infantile nystagmus. Ten diagnostic signs were established to differentiate between the patient groups. Although they were helpful in separating patients with infantile nystagmus from those with spasmus nutans, no difference was found between the patients with spasmus nutans with and without CNS lesions. This study indicates that eye and head movement recordings do not allow differentiation between benign spasmus nutans and spasmus nutans-like disease. The differentiation must be made on the basis of neuroimaging.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Absence of visual sampling in infantile nystagmus.

The possibility that patients with infantile nystagmus achieve spatial constancy by sampling the visual scene only during certain range of velocities or certain phases of their nystagmus cycle was investigated by asking patients to detect a flashed test target that was presented repeatedly during all phases of the nystagmus cycle. After observing a 543 nm fixation spot projected on a diffusely illuminated tangent screen 1 m in front of the eye, patients were asked to detect a 2 msec test flash of the spot, now locked to the retina, that occurred 200 msec after the fixation spot was extinguished. The test target appeared randomly at 3,6,9, or 12 o'clock at, in separate trials, 0.8 deg or 10.0 deg from central vision. To avoid forcing patients from guessing a direction cued by the disappearance of the fixation spot, sometimes the flash did not occur at all. To avoid dark adaptation in our patients, the diffuse background illumination was adjusted to the brightest level allowing easy detection of the test flash. In every condition, all patients reported the fixation spot stationary. The probability of detection was the same across all velocity ranges. Remarkably, patients were just as likely to detect the test flash when the eye was nearly stationary even when it was moving more than 100 deg/sec. In one patient, the background illumination was raised so that he began missing the test flash more often. Here too, the probability of detection, now reduced to about 50%, was the same across velocity ranges.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Asymmetry in congenital ocular motor apraxia.

A 10-month-old girl presented with apparently unilateral ocular motor apraxia (OMA). Electro-oculography confirmed an inability to generate a saccade for fixation or in response to an optokinetic or vestibular evoked stimulus to the right. Fixation and optokinetic saccades and vestibular evoked nystagmus were present to the left. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a small cerebellar vermis but no localizing unilateral abnormality or tumour. Subsequent review of video recordings of 16 children with congenital OMA revealed that 5 demonstrated asymmetry in the generation of fixation saccades. Two of the five also demonstrated asymmetry of vestibular evoked nystagmus, and an additional child had optokinetic asymmetry.

Apraxias↗
PubMed1986

Bilateral total corneal and conjunctival choristomas associated with epidermal nevus.

A 4-year-old boy had been noted from birth to have bilateral masses obscuring the entire outer portion of the eyes. Systemic findings included mild growth retardation, multiple cortical lesions of the distal metaphyseal ends of the lower extremities, and diffuse skin pigmentation of the right side of the body. The epibulbar lesions were excised; on the right side, there was a thin cornea that necessitated corneal transplantation. The diagnosis of composite epibulbar choristomas associated with linear epidermal nevus was established by pathologic examination. This case report as well as a literature review establish the association of epibulbar choristomas with cutaneous linear nevi of the epidermal and sebaceous types.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Nystagmus blockage syndrome in the unilaterally blind patient.

Those patients who have reduced vision in one eye and a variable esotropia should be suspected of having the nystagmus blockage syndrome. Typically such patients will have a head turn in the direction of the good eye with a preferred medial fixation point. Careful examination will reveal a nystagmus with the preferred position as the null point. Also, any patient who repeatedly has a recurrent esotropia after surgery should be suspected of having the nystagmus blockage syndrome. It is important to perform a posterior fixation suture with a recession on the medial recti of both eyes and to alter the null point by recessing the medial rectus more than 3 mm and resecting the lateral rectus appropriately for the head turn at the same surgical procedure. The eye with poor vision also should have the lateral rectus resected.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Phoria adaptation to prisms. A cerebellar-dependent response.

Horizontal prism placement in normal subjects results in an apparent change in phoria by an amount equal in power and opposite in direction to the prisms used. However, the measured phoria gradually returns toward the value preceding the placement of prisms. This is termed phoria adaptation. This response was measured in five normal subjects and five patients with cerebellar deficit. The magnitude of the response was significantly reduced in the patient group. Visual acuities and fusional reserves were comparable in the two groups. The mean age was greater, and the stereoscopic acuity decreased, in the patient group. These factors were unlikely to account for the reduced response in patients. The results suggest that the phoria adaptation response in normal subjects depend on the integrity of the cerebellum.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1983

The FDA report on intraocular lenses.

Clinical studies of intraocular lenses (IOLs) as investigational devices have been regulated in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since February 9, 1978. As of August 1982, data have been collected on more than one million IOLs implanted. During the last 12 months of the study, 409,000 IOLs were implanted. Visual acuity of 20/40 or better at one year after surgery was present in 85% of over 45,000 cases reviewed. Increasing patient age, surgical problems, postoperative complications, and adverse reactions were factors that reduced the visual acuity. The current trend in the USA is for implantation of the posterior chamber and anterior chamber IOLs.

Aged↗