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Biomedical subjects

R D Richards

Publications and source records attributed to R D Richards.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Superoxide radical scavenging agents in treatment of alkali burns. An experimental study.

To test the hypothesis that superoxide radicals are involved in tissue destruction after alkali burns, superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, and glutathione were used as superoxide radical scavenging agents. Daily subconjunctival injections were given in rabbit eyes after alkali burns. Both superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid were effective in preventing corneal perforations. Glutathione did not show any beneficial effect. These experiments suggest that superoxide radical scavenging agents may be useful in the treatment of ocular alkali burns.

Alkalies↗
PubMed1980

Refractive change in alloxan diabetic rabbits. Control by flavonoids I.

The rabbit eye is hyperopic by approximately 4D. The induction of diabetes leads to a further enhancement in the degree of hyperopia. This enhancement is attenuated substantially by flavonoids as inhibitors of aldose reduction. The development of refractive changes in diabetic lens involves aldose reductase catalyzed polyol synthesis.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1979

Light-induced damage to ocular lens cation pump: prevention by vitamin C.

The cation pump activity of the ocular lens was damaged by exposure to light in the presence of riboflavin phosphate. The intensity of light was similar to that used for reading purposes. The observed light-induced damage was due to superoxide or its derivatives, the superoxide being produced photochemically. Such damage was attenuated by vitamin C in amounts comparable to that in the aqueous humor. Thus, a new role for the high ascorbate level present in the anterior chamber fluid and the lens has been suggested. Ascorbate in other tissues also might have this novel physiological function of protecting against damage due to superoxide and its derivatives produced during normal cellular oxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Implications of aldose reductase in cataracts in human diabetes.

Cataracts removed intracapsularly by cryoprobe technique from human diabetics were analyzed for sugars and polyols by gas liquid chromatography. The contents of sorbitol and fructose of lenses followed blood glucose levels at least up to 250 mg/dl. Studies indicate that human lens is capable of synthesizing substantial amounts of polyol pathway metabolites given exposure to high glucose levels such as are prevalent in diabetes. The synthesis of sorbitol was found to be susceptible to quercitrin, an inhibitor of aldose reductase. The implications of these findings in the formation of cataracts in diabetic individuals have been discussed.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1979

Simulataneous occlusion of the central retinal artery and vein.

Combined CRAO/CRVO in our patients occurred with rapid visual loss, usually over a few hours, associated with evidence of inflammation and/or cellular infiltration of the retrobulbar portion of the optic nerve. The ophthalmoscopic appearance was characteristic, with papilledema and hemorrhages of various types in the posterior pole. The retina also showed ischemic changes, with a milky-white color and cherry-red macula. Fluorescein angiography, when possible, showed no retinal vascular flow, and normal choroidal flow. After six to eight weeks, optic atrophy was evident and the retinal vessels were markedly narrowed or obliterated. The macula showed typical cystic changes. Neovascularization often developed, leading to neovascular glaucoma as the end result.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ophthalmologic toxicity after cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) therapy.

Two cases of apparent ophthalmologic toxicity which occurred during treatment with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) are described. In the first case, a patient with testicular carcinoma developed papilledema after three courses of DDP and adriamycin therapy. In the second case, a patient with breast cancer developed retrobulbar neuritis after three courses of DDP therapy. The differential diagnosis and possible explanation for these toxic effects are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Statistics of eye collections.

Our data show cause of death is relatively unimportant as a factor in determining if donor eyes will be used for corneal transplantation. Two factors that are important are age of donor and time of donation (weekday vs weekend). Cultures taken at time of enucleation are positive 50% of the time. Treatment with antibiotics will reduce this to 20% to 30%. Most organisms are considered nonpathogenic and probably not important, but 15% of positive cultures of eyes used for corneal transplantation (about 4% of eyes obtained) had potentially pathogenic organisms present.

Adolescent↗