Disorder, molecular mobility, and solid-state kinetics: the two-environment model.
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Aspartame↗
Biomedical subjects
R D Skwierczynski
Publications and source records attributed to R D Skwierczynski.
Solvent effects on chemical processes. 8. Demethylation kinetics of aspartame in binary aqueous-organic solvents.
The kinetics of demethylation of aspartame were studied in binary aqueous-organic solvent mixtures at 25 degrees C under two solution conditions, namely 1.0 M HCl (pH 0.28 in water) and carbonate buffer (pH 10.1 in water). Under these conditions solvent effects on the acid dissociation constants of aspartame do not complicate the interpretation of the kinetics. The organic cosolvents were acetone, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and methanol. The observed kinetic solvent effects were modest in magnitude, not exceeding a factor of 3 in rate constant, relative to the fully aqueous solution. The rate changes included both increases and decreases, and in some solvent mixtures extrema were observed. It is concluded that at least two contributory factors, identified as an electrostatic (dielectric constant) effect and a solvation effect, must be operating to produce the observed kinetic solvent effects.
Acetone↗
Demethylation kinetics of aspartame and L-phenylalanine methyl ester in aqueous solution.
The kinetics of demethylation of aspartame and L-phenylalanine methyl ester were studied in aqueous solution at 25 degrees C over the pH range 0.27-11.5. The pseudo-first-order rate constant for aspartame was resolved into individual contributions from methyl ester hydrolysis and diketopiperazine formation. pH-rate profiles were quantitatively described by chemically reasonable kinetic schemes. Aspartame is maximally stable at pH 4 (t90 = 53 days at 25 degrees C); phenylalanine methyl ester, at pH 3. The potentiometrically measured pKa values were pKa1 3.19 and pKa2 7.87 for aspartame and pKa 7.11 for phenylalanine methyl ester.
Aspartame↗