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R D Wigley

Publications and source records attributed to R D Wigley.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Testing clinical criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus in other connective tissue disorders.

The American Rheumatism Association (ARA) clinical criteria have been tested in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis, polyarteritis nodosa and polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Hospital admissions from a defined population over the same period were studied. Increased weighting of the scores for the features showing the greatest specificity is suggested. These features are discoid lupus, alopecia, photosensitivity, LE cells and/or antinuclear antibody (ANA) and oral ulcers. Inclusion of histological evidence increased the sensitivity of the SLE scores.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Alpha tocopherol and blood pressure in PN/n mice.

The tail cuff blood pressure of PN/n mice, previously studied for arteritis and glomerulitis, was found to be raised before histological changes appeared. The pressure of mice bred for two generations on a diet containing a low level of alpha tocopherol (E) fell to that of control CBA mice. Replacement of E in the diet, or by intraperitoneal injection, led to a rise of pressure. The pressure reached a mean of 150 mm/Hg after breeding the mice for a further three generations on a more complete diet with additional E. An inhibitory effect of E on prostaglandin production was postulated. E had no effect on the pressure of CBA/MAC mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Palmerston North mice, a new animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus.

This report describes a previously unrecognized animal model of SLE, the PN mouse. Although outbred PN mice were studied originally as models of polyarteritis nodosa, their inbred descendants have autoimmune disease which closely resembles SLE. In the current study, positive indirect immunofluorescence tests for ANA appeared when the mice were 5 months old, and 80% of mice were ANA-positive at 10 months of age. Anti-DNA were detected in sera from newborn mice and from 53% of mice under 2 months of age. Seventy-six percent of PN mice developed anti-DNA at the age of 10 months. Glomerular deposits of IgG, IgM, IgA, and complement appeared at 2 to 4 weeks of age, and examination of renal tissue by electron microscopy showed basement membrane thickening and dense intramembranous deposits. Neoplasms arose in 14% of PN mice. Female mice died earlier than male mice, and the most common causes of death were glomerulonephritis and arteritis. It was concluded that the serologic and histologic characteristics of disease in PN mice resembled SLE.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Degenerative arthritis in mice. Study of age and sex frequency in various strains with a genetic study of NZB/B1, NZY/B1, and hybrid mice.

Of a number of strains of mice studied for evidence of autoimmunity, NZY/B1 mice showed the highest frequency of degenerative arthritis of the knee, reaching a maximum of 68% at 18 months. 50% PN mice were affected at 24 months. Both breeds differed from previously described strains in not showing a sex difference. The NZB/B1 mice were rarely affected and hybrids to the NZY and the backcross to the NZB showed a recessive pattern of inheritance for knee arthritis and an additive pattern for carpal arthritis. Polygenic inheritance was postulated as at least three genes would be necessary to explain the findings. Joint disease was not related to red cell and nuclear antibodies, glomerulitis, or arteritis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Spontaneous arteritis and glomerulitis in mice. A comparison of light and electron microscopic renal changes in PN/n, NZB/BL, 101/MAC, and CBA/MAC mice.

Four PN/n mice between 12 and 17 months of age had fibrinoid necrosis of the renal arteries, but 32 mice up to the age of 17 months showed no consistent change in the media or intima of the renal arteries although perivascular cuffing with round cells was prominent from 9 months of age. Glomerulitis, indicated by increase in the mesangium on light microscopy, affected most mice over 7 months of age, and dense deposits on electron microscopy were present in most mice from 7 months of age. These changes occurred significantly more frequently than in CBA/MAC mice; the 101/MAC showed an intermediate frequency, and the pattern in a small sample of NZB/BL mice resembled that of the PN/n mice. Basement membrane thickening increased with age from 3 weeks in all of the strains but more often included dense deposits in PN/n mice. Splitting of the glomerular basement membrane in very young mice in all strains was not considered relevant and may have been developmental. Failure consistently to detect glomerulitis earlier by electron microscopy than by light microscopy was attributed to the greater sampling error of the former. Unidentified dense bodies in glomerular epithelial cells occurred at all ages in all strains, so the suggestion that they were virus particles relevant to the disease was not sustained. Intraobserver variation studies showed satisfactory repeatability for light microscopy and for dense deposits and basement membrane thickening, but the dense bodies were not detected with acceptable reproducibility, a difficulty partly due to technical variation.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Placebo therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.

Few studies have attempted to describe the effect of placebo therapy on chronic pain. In this study pain was assessed daily, for 25 days, in 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients received placebo during the last 9 days of the study. Pain scores during the first 16 days acted as a baseline from which each patient's response to placebo could be determined. Patients completed Form B of the Eysenck Personality Inventory on entry into the study, a pre-treatment expectation rating scale and a post-treatment assessment scale. Five patients were excluded from analysis because of trends in their baseline pain scores. Of the remaining patients, nine responded positively to placebo and five responded negatively. Four patients reported no significant change in pain and were found to be more introverted than both the negative (p less than 0.05) and positive placebo responders. Consequently, the degree of extraversion might prove a useful predictor of therapeutic response. No significant relationship was found between the patients expectation of therapy and the observed response which suggests that therapeutic outcome is not pre-determined. However, the patients assessment of therapeutic effect was closely related to the observed response (p less than 0.05). Neuroticism was greater in patients with side-effects than those without (p less than 0.05) and might be utilized as a means of detecting those patients most likely to complain of unrelated symptoms while on a new therapy. The different placebo responses observed draws attention to the difficulties in making therapeutic judgements in clinical practice and of assessing efficacy in drug trials.

Aged↗