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Biomedical subjects

R David

Publications and source records attributed to R David.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Cardiac myxoma.

Ten patients with cardiac myxoma were reviewed. The ranged from 23 months to 60 years old. Echocardiography was the most helpful noninvasive diagnostic technique. The tumor was demonstrated by angiocardiography, left atrial myxomas frequently migrating to the left ventricle in diastole. Hemodynamically, left atrial myxomas were associated with moderately severe pulmonary hypertension and simulated mitral stenosis or insufficiency and right atrial myxomas, with right atrial hypertension. There were 7 myxomas in the left atrium, 2 in the right atrium, and 1 in the right ventricle. Eight patients underwent open-heart operation with removal of the myxoma, 1 had concomitant tricuspid valve replacement, and 1 had biopsy of the right ventricle only. The other patient was a Jehovah's Witness and refused operation. One patient died of cardiac arrest intraoperatively, and another died of a bilateral cerebral infarct. One patient had recurrence requiring reoperation. Postoperative hemodynamic and clinical improvement was more striking in patients with a left atrial myxoma presumably due to a normal mitral valve in contradistinction to the tricuspid valve.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Genetic markers in glaucoma.

A number of genetic polymorphisms have been investigated in Negro and Caucasoid patients with glaucoma and the results compared with data obtained on healthy controls. A sample of 61 Negro patients was not significantly different from a sample of 238 controls with respect to 18 red cell and serum protein systems; no association between glaucoma and any of these systems could be demonstrated. The comparison among Caucasoids, using 14 systems, was made between 31 patients and 70 controls. The populations differed from each other in the rhesus and Duffy blood group systems, and a significant association between open-angle glaucoma and rhesus D (+) was found.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1980

Intraocular pressure response to corticosteroids in children.

A total of 44 children who suffered from vernal conjunctivitis were treated with topical dexamethasone 0.1% 4 times daily for 6 weeks and tested for their intraocular pressure. There was a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.01) between the responders in our group of children and a group of normal adults reported on by Armaly in 1965.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

Age-, sex-, and race-related differences in myoglobin concentrations in the serum of healthy persons.

A radioimmunoassay was used to study the relation of race, sex, and age to serum myoglobin concentrations in ostensibly healthy individuals: 75 white men, 76 white women, 75 black men, and 66 black women, ranging in age from 20 to 85 years. Mean serum myoglobin values were significantly higher in men than in women in both races (35 vs 31 microgram/L for whites and 44 vs 29 microgram/L for blacks). Black men had higher values than white men, but no corresponding difference was observed in the female population. Except for the group of black men, which consistently had the highest values for serum myoglobin, values were always higher for the older groups (greater than or equal to 50 years) than the younger, irrespective of race or sex. Serum myoglobin and age were significantly and directly correlated only among white men (r = 0.3408 p < 0.01, n = 75). If results were expressed as a myoglobin/creatinine ratio, the distinctions by race, sex, and age were partly eliminated. Reference intervals for serum myoglobin, expressed both ways, are given for different race, sex, and age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Radiotherapeutic agents: properties, dosimetry, and radiobiologic considerations.

Radioactive nuclides for treatment have occupied an important but somewhat diminishing role in the total practice of nuclear medicine. Although theoretically they should have important potentialities, particularly in the treatment of various forms of cancer, their development in this field has not kept pace with the progress in other treatment modalities in radiation oncology. Indications for the selection of appropriate isotopes for therapy revolve about the emission of beta particles of sufficient energy, which are administered in a chemical form that reaches the tumor. Methods of calculation of doses delivered to sites of deposition are discussed in the text. Radiobiologic considerations include the possibility of early deleterious effects from overdosage, and consideration of chromosomal changes of circulating lymphocytes and their implications. Late effects that have been of great public concern are confined almost solely to possible carcinogenesis, and this effect has been minimal in patients receiving therapeutic levels of radioactive drugs. Genetic and developmental effects, also, have been negligible. Complications encountered more frequently have been leukemia after extensive therapy of thyroid carcinoma, and local fibrosis after direct injection of radioactive colloids into tumor tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Unilateral enlargement of the masseter muscle.

Benign hypertrophy of the masseter muscle is a relatively uncommon condition which may occur unilaterally or bilaterally. The etiology of the ailment is unclear in the majority of cases, and the histopathological features are usually those of normal muscle. A case of unilateral masseter muscle enlargement is described in a 19-year-old Arab male. The histopathological findings were compatible with a mild myopathic disorder. The characteristics, differential diagnosis, etiology, treatment and histopathological features of masserteric hypertrophy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Lipofuscin in human tongue muscle.

In a study of 107 tongue specimens lipofuscin granules were found to be present in the muscle fibers of 93% of the cases. The pigment was not found in young individuals under the age of 18 years. The pigmented granules, which were stored in clusters of different sizes at the nuclear poles, were PAS-positive, stained black or brown with the Masson-Fontana procedure, black with Sudan black, and strong purple-pink with Ziehl-Neelson staining; yellow autofluorescene was emitted in ultraviolet light. The morphology, histochemical reactions and autofluorescence of the pigmented granules were characteristics of the endogenous lipid pigment described as lipofuscin. Statistical analyses indicated a direct correlation between increase in quantity and distribution of the pigment and increase in age (P = 0.001), in both males and females. Accumulation of the pigment in the tongue with aging was found to be similar to that in the myocardium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

HLA antigens in glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Forty-five white patients (32 with open-angle glaucoma and 13 with ocular hypertension) and 63 black patients (41 with open-angle glaucoma and 22 with ocular hypertension) were tissue typed for a total of 38 HLA antigens and the results compared to normal, unrelated, panels of 248 white donors and 150 black volunteers, respectively. No statistically significant differences with regard to the frequencies of 38 HLA antigens were detected among the various groups.

Black People↗
PubMed1979

Surgical treatment for pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis complicating jejunoileal by-pass.

A case of chronic pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, complicating jejunoileal by-pass procedure for morbid obesity, is described. Grave clinical symptoms associated with irreversible segmental mucosal atrophy and mural fibrosis resulting from untreated long-standing pneumatosis intestinalis, required resection of the whole by-passed small intestine. It is suggested that this simple and safe surgical procedure is justified in selected cases. Conservative treatment of asymptomatic patients with pneumatosis intestinalis, however, may prevent further surgical intervention in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Increased glomerular filtration rate in patients with major burns and its effect on the pharmacokinetics of tobramycin.

The clearance of endogenous creatinine in 20 burned patients, measured between the fourth and the 35th post-burn day, was a mean (+/- S.D.) of 172.1 p 48.4 ml per minute per 1.73 m2; in eight normal subjects the mean value was 125.4 g- 10.4 (P less than 0.02). Thirteen patients had values more than 2 S.D. above the normal mean. We confirmed this rise in glomerular filtration rate by measuring inulin or iothalamate clearance in nine patients. The pharmacokinetics of tobramycin were studied in 11 of the 20 patients and in eight normal subjects receiving continuous intravenous infusions of the drug. An inverse correlation was found between plasma half-life of the drug and creatinine clearance (r = 0.68, P less than 0.01). Increased creatinine clearances and shortened half-life of tobramycin occurred mainly in younger patients. Glomerular filtration rates in burned patients may rise to very high values and can be validly measured by creatinine clearance. The plasma half-lives of drugs with predominantly urinary excretion may decrease in patients with burns.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Amyloid stroma in a tubular carcinoma of palatal salivary gland: a histochemical and ultrastructural study.

Amyloid as defined by positive Congo red green birefringence and STB red birefringence was observed in the stroma of a tubular carcinoma of minor salivary gland origin. The amyloid exhibited additional histochemical characteristics of immunamyloid, viz., positive DMAB-nitrate and DC-reactions and spontaneous autofluorescence. Electron microscopic studies of the epithelial tumor cells displayed large amounts of cytoplasmic microfilaments similar to those present in the extracellular amyloid masses. It is suggested that the amyloid is derived from spontaneous assembly or polymerization of cytoplasmic microfibrils of the dying tumor cells as has been proposed for the amyloid associated with the calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT).

Adenocarcinoma↗