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Biomedical subjects

R De

Publications and source records attributed to R De.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Paediatric airway endoscopy.

OBJECTIVES: To review all paediatric endoscopies performed in a tertiary referral unit over a three-year period. METHODS OF STUDY: Retrospective analysis of case-notes of all paediatric endoscopies performed between May 1993 and June 1996. RESULTS: 333 paediatric airway endoscopies were performed on 146 children, of which 52% were GP referrals and the remainder secondary referrals. 70% were diagnostic endoscopies, 30% therapeutic procedures, with the commonest indication being stridor and respiratory distress (82%). Routine chest radiographs, lateral neck X-rays, and barium swallows were unhelpful in the management of the commoner upper-airway conditions. The commonest findings were laryngomalacia (44%) and subglottic stenosis (22%) and 17% of all cases had multiple airway abnormalities. Tracheotomy was performed on 18.4%, laryngotracheoplasty on 7.5%, and laryngotracheal reconstruction on 2.5%. There were no major complications in this series. CONCLUSIONS: All children with airway symptoms should have a thorough rigid-endoscopic evaluation of their upper and lower airways. Radiology has a limited role in the diagnosis of the more common airway pathologies. These patients need to be assessed and managed in regional centres.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Retrospective analysis of surgical outcome, symptom changes, and hearing improvement following myringoplasty.

This study examines the surgical and audiologic results of myringoplasty and what factors affect these outcomes. It also examines whether patients experience any improvement in their main symptoms following surgery. This was a retrospective analysis of case notes, patient questionnaires, and audiograms of all patients undergoing myringoplasty between 1990 and 1995 at Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, UK. Overall success of myringoplasty for consultants was 81% and for trainees was 79%, with an overall success rate of 86% in children. Posterior and inferior perforations had a 90% success rate for repair, compared to only 67% of anterior perforations. There was a statistically significant reduction in air-bone gaps following myringoplasty, and the majority of patients felt that their ears were drier and had improved hearing. Myringoplasty is a successful procedure in the hands of consultants and trainees alike. The results are satisfactory enough to justify surgery purely for deafness and also in symptomatic children. There is a strong correlation between surgical success and resolution of symptoms and generally a satisfactory improvement in hearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of 2-(methylaminosulfonyl)-1-(arylsulfonyl)-1-methylhydrazines as anticancer agents.

Seven new 2-(methylaminosulfonyl)-1-(arylsulfonyl)-1-methylhydrazines were prepared. The anticancer activity of these compounds was assessed in murine Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) by in vivo screening. Moderate in vivo activity in EAC was exhibited by three compounds. All of them were screened in vitro against a battery of human tumor cell lines at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA. One of them, compound 3a has displayed highly significant specificity in the renal tumor cell line RXF 393. These three compounds were also assessed for in vitro anti-HIV activity at the NCI, however, they have not reached the criteria of significant activity. The alkylating activity of the compounds was determined by measuring the absorbance of the alkylated product of 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine. It has been found that they are capable of acting as chemical alkylating agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Bacteriology of wound infection: evaluation by surface swab and quantitative full thickness wound biopsy culture.

A total of 171 cases of wounds of various aetiology were examined and screened bacteriologically for evidence of infection by surface swab culture and quantitative full thickness wound biopsy culture techniques. Staphylococcus pyogenes was the most frequently isolated (39.9%) single organism. Other organisms being Escherichia coli (26.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.4%), klebsiella species (5.8%), Streptococcus pyogenes (4.9%), proteus species (4.8%) and coliform organism (3.1%). Collectively the Gram-negative organisms were the majority among the isolated organisms. As indicator of wound infection, surface swab culture was found to be reliable in 72% cases when correlated with wound biopsy culture. The latter technique was found to be more consistently valuable (in 95% cases) both for regular assessment of the wounds as well as to judge the response to treatment.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast feeding practices--impressions from an urban community.

Information regarding breast feeding practices of 600 children below 3 years of age attending hospital OPDs and private clinics during 1984-85 were collected. 51.3% received breast milk within 24 hrs. of birth, mean duration of breast feeding being 6 months. 68% of Infants had been given prelacteal feeds. 34% children were exclusively breast fed till 1 month. Insufficient milk was an important reason for discontinuation before 6 months.

Breast Feeding↗