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Biomedical subjects

R Dennebaum

Publications and source records attributed to R Dennebaum.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ciclosporin and prednisone v. prednisone in treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy: a controlled, randomized and prospective study.

Forty patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy stages III-V were divided into two groups in a random manner according to their year of birth. Group I received prednisone in decreasing dosage. Group II received prednisone at a comparable dosage and ciclosporin. Steroids were discontinued after 10 weeks in the two groups. In the patients of group II, ciclosporin was continued over 12 months. The therapeutic effect was assessed by an activity score based on subjective and objective symptoms (computerized tomography and sonography of the orbit, Hertel values, clinical findings). All signs of endocrine ophthalmopathy improved significantly in both groups (P less than 0.01 in group I; P less than 0.001 in group II). The improvement was significantly greater in group II (P less than 0.05) according to the predefined score. After corticosteroids were discontinued, inflammatory signs recurred in nine patients in group I and in one of group II. During the observation period of 12 months, relapses occurred in eight out of twenty patients in group I and in only one out of twenty in group II. Muscle thickness decreased in nine patients in group II, 6 months after beginning therapy. At this time, the results were not influenced in any of the twenty patients in group I. Microsomal antibodies decreased significantly (P less than 0.001) in the ciclosporin group, whereas no change was seen in the other group. Renal values rose within the normal range in group II. In this group, an infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae occurred in one patient after 4 months of therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of low dose anaphylatoxic peptides in the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Monitoring of early C5a effects in a guinea-pig in vivo model after i.v. application.

A guinea-pig in vivo model is presented that allows the infusion of purified C5a via a central vein catheter and the monitoring of its effects on granulocytes and platelets, the most important cells in the pathogenesis of several lung disorders, e.g. shock lung. After the infusion of C5a, which was adjusted to a quantity that caused slight and transient alterations of lung physiology, granulocytes disappeared from circulation within 1 min. Simultaneously the granulocyte content of the lung increased about three-fold as judged by histological evaluations. Morphologic destructions were not observed. After the drop a rebound of circulating Polymorpho-nuclear leucocytes (PMN) occurred, which was significantly higher than control values and the appearance of banded cells indicated a mobilization from bone marrow stores. Studies with 51-chromium labelled PMNs revealed that most, but not all, of the granulocytes returned to circulation after transient sequestration. The number of platelets also decreased after C5a infusion, but the rebound was delayed compared with the PMNs and did not exceed control values. The changes in circulating cells, lung histology, and lung physiology are comparable to those occurring during the onset of shock lung and thus strengthen the supposed importance of C5a concerning the pathogenesis of that syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Blood coagulation physiologic study in tonsillectomy].

The usual preoperative laboratory analyses of hemostasis are discussed including the medical and legal prerequisites. Most important are the values for thrombocytes, PTT and Quick. History and clinical examination (Rumpel-Leede-Test) are also necessary to exclude haemorrhagic diatheses. Further investigations are only needed in rare haemorrhagic diseases.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1982

Identification and quantitation of methotrexate and methotrexate metabolites in clinical high-dose therapy by high pressure liquid chromatography and field desorption mass spectrometry.

High-pressure liquid chromatography in combination with field desorption mass spectrometry as techniques of high specificity and sensitivity have been applied to the identification and quantitation of the anticancer drug methotrexate and its metabolites which occur in clinical high-dose therapy. Field desorption mass spectra of methotrexate and several methotrexate and folic acid derivatives, when investigated as free acids or ammonium salts, yield abundant protonated molecular ions and a consistent pattern of structurally significant fragments. High-pressure liquid chromatographic separation of methotrexate metabolites was performed on reverse-phase, C-18 columns using a volatile, ammonium bicarbonate/acetate containing mobile phase that was especially suited for the field desorption mass spectral analysis of isolated metabolites, and provided the definite identification of 7-hydroxymethotrexate and 4-[[2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl]methyl]methylamino]-benzoic acid in serum and urine of patients treated with high-dose methotrexate. The high intensity and stability of the [MH]+ ions was found suitable for the quantitation of methotrexate and related folate analogues by field desorption mass spectrometry. A synthetic methotrexate derivative, methotrexate-gamma-(2-hydroxy)ethyl-amide was used as internal standard for the quantitative determination of methotrexate in serum and urine. In a study to comparatively assess the potential of specific quantitation methods, serum and urine levels of methotrexate and its major metabolite, 7-hydroxymethotrexate were determined by (i) an enzyme immunoassay, (ii) reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and (iii) field desorption mass spectrometry. Results obtained from four patients with osteogenic sarcoma receiving high-dose methotrexate/leucovorin rescue therapy consistently show the sustained elimination of 7-hydroxymethotrexate over several days, thus indicating the utility of specifically monitoring this nephrotoxic metabolite, at massive methotrexate doses.

Adult↗