PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Denton

Publications and source records attributed to R Denton.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a retrospective review.

The outcome of patients admitted to intensive care after a cardiac arrest was determined by reviewing intensive care unit records at four hospitals for 1993 and 1994. Of the 112 patients identified, 49 survived intensive care of whom 28 were discharged from hospital. In January 1996, 26 of the 28 patients could be traced; 22 of these were still alive. Seven factors were significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors. At the cardiac arrest these were the number of direct current shocks (p < 0.05) and adrenaline doses (p < 0.01) given. In intensive care the factors were the presence of reactive pupils (p < 0.01), Glasgow Coma Score (p < 0.001), APACHE II score (p < 0.05), arterial standard bicarbonate (p < 0.05) and the use of inotropes (p < 0.05). It was not possible to use individual variables to predict outcome at the time of intensive care unit admission. The results suggest that neurological function is an important determinant of outcome and more sensitive neurophysiological testing might be a useful prognostic tool.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1995

Adolescent depression: effects of mutuality in the mother-adolescent dyad and locus of control.

A group of 213 adolescents and their mothers participated in a study of the combined relationship between gender, locus of control, and perceived mutuality in the mother/adolescent dyad and self-rated adolescent depression. High mutuality and internal locus of control were significantly related to low levels of depression for both female and male adolescents. The study findings are considered in the context of current theoretical work on female relational psychology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Alteration of fetal liver colony formation by prenatal chlordane exposure.

Female mice were treated with 0 or 8 mg/kg chlordane daily for 18 days during pregnancy. The fetuses of these mice were assayed for fetal liver hematopoietic activity at 18 days gestational age. Hematopoietic activity was evaluated for in vitro granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (GM-CFU) and in vivo spleen CFU (CFU-S). The consistent finding was a significant depression of the numbers of both fetal liver GM-CFU and CFU-S without a change in liver cellularity in fetuses exposed to 8 mg/kg chlordane. These data show that the damage to stem cells that persists into adult life as a result of chlordane exposure, as reported earlier by Barnett et al. (1990) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 14, 688-695, occurred during the fetal period.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Long-term alteration of adult bone marrow colony formation by prenatal chlordane exposure.

Female mice were treated with either 0, 4, or 8 mg of chlordane per kilogram body weight daily for 18 days during pregnancy. The offspring of these mice were assayed for bone marrow hematopoietic activity at 100 and 200 days of age. Hematopoietic activity was evaluated for in vitro granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (GM-CFU) and in vivo spleen CFU (CFU-S). The consistent finding was a significant depression both of the numbers of bone marrow GM-CFU and of the CFU-S in offspring exposed to either 4 or 8 mg/kg chlordane even at 100 and 200 days after cessation of treatment. Prenatal treatment with chlordane did not affect the number of recoverable viable bone marrow cells at either of these time points. Ontological development was selectively affected by chlordane exposure, since subchronic (18 day) treatment of adult mice did not significantly alter bone marrow GM-CFU or CFU-S levels. These data suggest that the decreased delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions noted previously in mice exposed to chlordane prenatally may be due to a change in the functional capacity of myeloid lineage cells rather than altered T cell function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and NK responses in mice treated prenatally with chlordane.

It has been reported previously that BALB/c mice, treated in utero with chlordane, showed increased survival to influenza A/PR/8/34 [H1N1] (influenza) virus as young adults. To determine the possible role of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) on this effect, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cell activities were assessed on chlordane-exposed offspring at 100 and 200 days post partum. The CTL response of these offspring showed no significant change from that obtained from their sex- and age-matched control counterparts exposed prenatally to the vehicle. NK responses of chlordane-exposed female offspring were significantly higher at 100 days of age but not at 200 days of age. Although male offspring that were exposed to chlordane prenatally showed no difference in NK cell activity at 100 days of age, NK cell activity was significantly less in chlordane-treated animals than controls at 200 days of age. Thus, prenatal treatment of mice with chlordane had varying effects on the NK cell activity of adult offspring, depending on the sex and age of the animal. It is concluded that the previously reported increase in survival to influenza is due to a resolution of the infection by normal CTL and NK cell activities coupled with a decrease in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)-mediated pathology.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Pharmacokinetics of doxylamine given as Bendectin in the pregnant monkey and baboon.

The object of the present study was to determine the maternal plasma pharmacokinetics of doxylamine (the antihistamine component of Bendectin) following Bendectin administration. Bendectin was administered daily, po, at a dosage approximately 10 times the maximum human therapeutic dosage (7 mg/kg/day) throughout organogenesis (approximately days 22 through 50 of gestation) to three cynomolgus monkeys, four rhesus monkeys, and five baboons. Two pharmacokinetic experiments were performed in each animal, one on the first day of treatment and one on the last day of treatment. Although this study was not designed specifically as a teratologic examination, no morphologic abnormalities were observed when the fetuses were examined on approximately day 100 of gestation. A single-compartment, parallel first- and second-order elimination model was used to analyze the data. Although considerable interindividual variation was evident, no significant differences between species were observed when the half-life for the absorption of doxylamine from the gut or the elimination of doxylamine and metabolites from the plasma were compared. The plasma elimination half-lives and the clearance values were not altered by the 29 days of Bendectin treatment for any of the species. Only the half-life for the absorption of doxylamine in the baboon was reduced by daily dosing with Bendectin, but this did not alter doxylamine elimination. Thus, the pharmacokinetics of doxylamine administered as Bendectin were similar in the three nonhuman primate species examined and were not altered by repeated daily administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

AIDS: guidelines for occupational therapy intervention.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is currently considered the nation's number one health problem. More than 30,000 persons have been diagnosed with this disease to date, and 40,000 new cases are anticipated for the next 2 years. This paper reviews the current facts regarding AIDS, including its modes of transmission and clinical symptomatology. Guidelines for occupational therapy assessment and treatment are presented, including general precautions and recommended intervention strategies.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

An occupational therapy protocol for assessing infants and toddlers who fail to thrive.

Children who "fail to thrive" are frequently referred to occupational therapists. Yet there is no organized protocol that therapists could use to assess these children. This paper reviews criteria that distinguish organic from nonorganic "failure to thrive" and describes the occupational therapist's contribution to the evaluation process. An occupational therapy protocol is presented to facilitate a thorough assessment, emphasizing feeding issues and caretaker-child interaction.

Child, Preschool↗