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Biomedical subjects

R E Albright

Publications and source records attributed to R E Albright.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Establishment of a CSF bank.

A bank of well-characterized CSF has been established by collecting and storing (-70 degrees C) CSF samples remaining after completion of routine clinical studies. Over 1,700 individual patient samples were collected during a 12-month period. A database derived largely from information down-loaded from existing hospital-based systems includes the results of individual CSF laboratory studies, in addition to the patient age, primary diagnoses, and details of any malignancy. CSF control material is used to verify storage conditions. The CSF bank supplies investigators with CSF handled in a standardized manner for more precise investigation of CNS disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Phase II diaziquone-based chemotherapy trials in patients with anaplastic supratentorial astrocytic neoplasms.

We treated 103 patients with histologically confirmed anaplastic supratentorial astrocytic neoplasms with either diaziquone (AZQ) and carmustine (BCNU) or AZQ and procarbazine. There were 74 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 29 patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). AZQ plus BCNU produced partial (PR) or unequivocal responses in seven of 32 (21.9%) patients with GBMs and three of ten (30%) patients with AAs. Two patients with GBMs (6.3%) and five patients with AAs (50%) showed stable disease (SD). AZQ plus procarbazine produced PRs or unequivocal responses in five of 42 (11.9%) patients with GBMs and nine of 19 (47.4%) patients with AAs. Eight patients with GBMs (19%) and one patient with an AA (5.2%) showed SD. In addition to histologic diagnosis, only the Karnofsky performance-status (KPS) rating independently influenced response and survival. Differences in response rates between the two regimens were not significant, although estimated median survival after adjusting for performance status was slightly better with AZQ plus BCNU than with AZQ plus procarbazine (P = .031). Neither age nor prior chemotherapy were significant independent risk factors. Toxicity was mild and primarily hematologic. We conclude that these AZQ-based regimens have activity in patients with recurrent anaplastic gliomas, but that they are not clearly superior to other agents in current use. The histologic diagnosis of GBM is associated with a significantly worse prognosis than AA, and we believe that this important distinction must be recognized in phase II as well as phase III trials.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Infiltrative polyneuropathy due to acute monoblastic leukemia in hematologic remission.

A 66-year-old man with acute monoblastic leukemia developed acute polyneuropathy with quadriplegia, autonomic instability, and respiratory failure while he was in hematologic remission following both systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy. Autopsy revealed dense infiltration of somatic and autonomic peripheral nerves, sparing the meninges. There was a small peripheral infiltrate in one of four dorsal root ganglia, but, otherwise, sensory and autonomic ganglia were normal. The blood-nerve barrier may allow some malignant cells to escape cytotoxic agents. The epineurium and ganglia lack a blood-tissue barrier, and malignant cells could have been eradicated at those sites.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous mass spectrometry and thermoconductivity measurements of end-tidal xenon concentrations: a comparison.

Studies in which the rate of local cerebral blood flow is determined by xenon-enhanced computerized tomography require measurement of end-tidal gas. A mass spectrometer and a thermoconductivity detector were compared in measuring the concentration of xenon in end-tidal gas both in humans and in a clinically simulated ("breathing bag") system. The experiments showed that the two instruments provided virtually identical results up to a rate of 18 breaths/min, at which rate recorded concentrations showed marginal degradation with the thermoconductivity detector. Given the absence of a significant difference in the ability of the mass spectrometer and the thermoconductivity detector to measure end-tidal xenon concentration, the thermoconductivity detector appears to be a satisfactory alternative in studies measuring the rate of local cerebral blood flow by enhanced computerized tomography.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗