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Biomedical subjects

R E Brooks

Publications and source records attributed to R E Brooks.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Subpontic osseous proliferation.

Nine patients, five women and four men, demonstrated bone growth in an edentulous region of the posterior mandible covered with a pontic. The reasons for this bone growth could include genetic predetermination, functional stresses, and chronic irritation. This bone growth has important clinical and basic science implications. The condition was seen only in adults, only in the mandibular posterior region, and with a variety of pontic designs. Subpontic osseous proliferation was documented in nine patients, but no conclusion about the etiology was made.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Kidney tubule basement membrane alterations in type II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

Fourteen kidney biopsy specimens from nine patients with type II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) were examined by electron microscopy for tubular basement membrane (TBM) alterations. In all biopsies, laminal densities, charateristic for type II MPGN, were present in the glomerular basement membranes. The TBM alterations observed included: 1) the presence of laminal, and/or discrete, and/or aggregated densities; 2)focal thickening; 3) multilamination; and, 4) vesicular structures. Laminal densities occurred in 6 of the 9 cases examined. All biopsies had TBM densities representative of at least one of the three forms. The occurrence of electron densities in or near the TBM in type II MPGN may have diagnostic value. In those biopsies where tissue is insufficient for immunofluorescence microscopy and where glomeruli are not found on electron microscopy, an electron microscopic search for densities associated with TBMs would be warranted. Although TBM-associated densities are not pathognomonic for type II MPGN, the observation of such densities, espically laminal densities, would be useful in complementing light miccrscopic and clinical findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Injury and repair of the lung: response to intravenous Freund's adjuvant.

Tissue from the lungs of rabbits was examined at intervals up to 24 weeks after the animals had received a single intravenous injection of Freund's complete adjuvant. Though this is not a conventional method for damaging the peripheral lung, it had the advantage of producing multiple lesions in which most tissue components were altered for a prolonged period. White blood cells were present within the tissue and air spaces of these damaged areas. They persisted for 6 weeks in large numbers and gradually decreased over the next 12 weeks. There was replacement of type A by type B alveolar lining cells. Basement membranes were displaced and lost. Elastic and collagen fibres were distorted and destroyed. Blood vessels were occluded. Epithelioid cell and foreign body granulomas developed. Interalveolar septa disappeared, and air spaces were compressed. Despite all these changes the lungs regained near normal structure by 24 weeks after the initial injury. These results do not support the importance that has been placed on damage to various structural components of the lung as an explanation for chronic pulmonary disease. They do give some insight into the capacity of peripheral lung tissue for regenerationa following a single injury that induces a prolonged inflammatory response.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Myeloid bodies in the renal tubules of humans: relationship to gentamicin therapy.

Ultrastructural changes in renal proximal tubule lysosomes, including the formation of myeloid bodies, occur reliably with gentamicin administration in experimental animals. The present study reviewed the electron microscopic tubular morphology of renal biopsies and nephrectomies performed in our institution over a 2-year period. The frequency of myeloid bodies and their relation to drug therapy and selected clinical features were determined. Myeloid bodies were found in the proximal tubules of 19 of 109 cases that were judged adequate for study. On review of the drug histories of these 19 patients, 15 had received gentamicin within 6 weeks of biopsy or nephrectomy. None of the 90 patients without myeloid bodies had received the drug within 6 weeks of tissue examination. Of 4 patients with myeloid bodies who had not received gentamicin, 1 had received chloroquin and 3 had received drugs with no known or suspected capacity to induce myeloid bodies. The presence of myeloid bodies in proximal tubules did not appear to be related to the total dose of gentamicin, duration of therapy, or serum drug concentration. Clinical evidence of gentamicin nephrotoxicity was present in only 1 case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Mitosis of type B alveolar cells in the early hyperplastic response to Freund's adjuvant.

Numerous areas of granulomatous inflammation develop in the lungs of rabbits following the intravenous injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Within a few days after FCA injection, hyperplasia of type B (type I) alveolar cells is present on the surface of the septa in which an inflammatory reaction is developing. Mitosis of type B cells is detected 12 h after FCA injection and is common over the next 120 h. In addition, there are morphologic changes that are consistent with migration of these cells. The type B cells in mitosis extend across alveolar septa as well as along the alveolar surface. The extension of type B cells through alveolar septa is not limited to cells in mitosis, but is also observed in non-mitotic type B cells. Stimulation of mitosis and hyperplasia of type B cells is discussed in relation to the focal tissue injury and inflammatory response.

Animals↗