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Biomedical subjects

R E Harvey

Publications and source records attributed to R E Harvey.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Intra-articular hyaluronate in experimental rabbit osteoarthritis can prevent changes in cartilage proteoglycan content.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of intra-articular injections of high molecular weight (2000 kDa) sodium hyaluronate (HA) on the progression of articular cartilage degeneration in a rabbit partial medial meniscectomy model of osteoarthritis. DESIGN: Six experimental groups included normal, sham operated, and operated and injected animals, the latter injected once-weekly (for two weeks or twelve weeks, beginning four weeks after surgery) with either 1% (w/v) HA or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Following assessment of gross morphology, serial adjacent blocks of full-depth articular cartilage were prepared from the tibial condyle for analysis of total water, hydroxyproline, DNA and proteoglycan (uronic acid) content, as well as the ratio of galactosamine to glucosamine. Samples were sub-divided into inner (medial) and outer (lateral) regions. RESULTS: No morphological differences were recognized between joints injected with PBS and those receiving HA. When analysed biochemically, there were no significant differences in hydration, hydroxyproline or DNA content between the experimental groups. In contrast, HA injection did affect changes in proteoglycan content. Expressed per tissue dry weight, uronic acid content in the operated group injected with PBS for two weeks was lower than normal (P<0.02), a result not seen in the corresponding HA injected group. After 12 weeks of PBS injections, uronic acid content (per dry weight) was higher than normal (P<0.01), an effect again not observed in the corresponding HA injected group. Results for the galactosamine: glucosamine ratio showed a reduction after 12 weeks of injections, but no differences between PBS and HA injected groups. CONCLUSIONS: Once-weekly, intra-articular injection of high molecular weight HA can prevent changes in proteoglycan content in tibial condylar articular cartilage, compared to PBS injected controls, in the rabbit partial meniscectomy model of osteoarthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Studies of the field efficacy and safety of a single-dose Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine for pigs.

The field efficacy and safety of a single-dose Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine were evaluated in three-to five-week-old pigs. Two field efficacy studies were conducted, one in England with 673 pigs, and one in Germany with 719 pigs. The pigs were injected intramuscularly with either the vaccine or saline (control) at a ratio of 2:1 and reared under commercial conditions to slaughter weight. The efficacy of the vaccine was evaluated by comparing the lung lesions associated with infection with M. hyopneumoniae in the control and vaccinated animals postmortem. In both countries the vaccinated pigs had a significantly lower percentage of lung lesion scores, in England 5.7 v 10.2 per cent (P = 0.0022) and in Germany 3.9 v 7.7 per cent (P = 0.0056). In Germany the average daily weight gain (ADG) of the vaccinated pigs was significantly higher (639 g v 616 g) (P = 0.0205). In both countries and in both the treated and control animals there was a significant negative correlation between the ADG and the lung lesion score (P = 0.0001). Two safety trials were conducted, one in England and one in Germany, each with 75 pigs, and in each case 50 pigs were given the maximum batch release antigen titre of the vaccine and 25 were given saline. The safety of the vaccine was evaluated by observation for local and systemic reactions and any increases in rectal temperature. No abnormal reactions were observed in the vaccinated pigs and there was no significant difference between the mean peak rectal temperatures of the vaccinated and control pigs in either trial.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of carvedilol, slow-release nifedipine, and atenolol in the management of essential hypertension.

Carvedilol is a novel treatment for hypertension, having a balanced pharmacology of vasodilation and beta-receptor blockade. We present here the results of a three-way, multicenter, comparative study on the use of carvedilol, slow-release nifedipine, and atenolol in the management of essential hypertension. A total of 311 patients was entered into the study, of which 293 were randomized to one of the three treatment regimens. Full data are available on 255 patients. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements, in both sitting and standing positions, were taken, together with the heart rate. There was no consistently significant difference between treatments with respect to blood pressure control. Differences in heart rate were more pronounced, with the reduction due to carvedilol being generally intermediate between nifedipine and atenolol. Further studies of carvedilol in hypertension, as well as other indications, are warranted.

Adolescent↗