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Biomedical subjects

R E Lowe

Publications and source records attributed to R E Lowe.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Occupational health services in Johannesburg and Randburg.

Questionnaires were posted to 760 manufacturing organisations sampled from the 1986 Workmen's Compensation tape in the Johannesburg and Randburg areas. A response rate of 51% was obtained. The results indicate a general deficiency in the quantity of occupational health services offered. For example, only 57 factories (18%) offered a medical service on the premises, while pre-employment examinations were provided by 59. More larger factories than smaller ones provided occupational health services. There were also variations in the occupational health benefits provided, and salaried employees were generally better off than wage earners. For example, 62 factories (25%) did not provide medical schemes for wage earners, while only 5 (2%) did not provide medical schemes for salaried employees. Since the Erasmus Commission's findings were published in 1976, there does not appear to have been a substantial change in the provision of occupational health services in the manufacturing industry. With increasing urbanisation it is important that something be done to improve this situation.

Occupational Health Services↗
PubMed1984

Scintimaging of bronchopleural fistula. A simple method of diagnosis.

A bronchopleural fistula in a patient with empyema was demonstrated by xenon-133 ventilation lung scanning. Because of its ease and simplicity, the ventilation study should be one of the first diagnostic tests performed when bronchopleural fistula is suspected.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed1980

Mass rearing the genetically altered MACHO strain of Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann.

Technology was developed for mass rearing males of the genetically altered MACHO strain of Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann, which allowed for elimination of females by treating the eggs with propoxur (o-isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate). This made it possible to eliminate virtually all the females (potential malaria vectors) being released in the field, and also reduced the space previously devoted to larval rearing by 50%, since the females were eliminated in the egg stage. Also, the difficulties involved in separating the sexes with previous techniques were eliminated. Because there is some genetic recombination, about 0.2% of the MACHO males become susceptible and an equal number of females become resistant each generation. Thus after 6-12 months, the strain is purged to remove these contaminants. With this system an average of more than 1 million pupae per day was produced during 3 weeks of a 5-week period, and an average of 968.2 thousand per day during the entire period. The pupae produced were 99.9% males with an average adult emergence of 90%.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Efficiency of techniques for the mass release of sterile male Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann in El Salvador.

During a 3-year program that required daily releases of large numbers of sterile male Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann mosquitoes in a coastal area of El Salvador, we were able to compare methods of transport and release of adults and pupae. The disadvantages of the laboratory handling and packaging of adults were largely overcome when improved methods were devised for release of pupae. Such releases saved time and laboratory space and overcame several logistical problems arising from evening releases of the adults. We finally achieved 91.3% emergence with the pupal release methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Sterlizing and packaging males of Anopheles Albimanus Wiedemann for field release.

Technology was developed for sterilizing and packaging as many as 1 million male Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann per day for field release. The average sterility produced in the males during a 1.5-year period was 98.9%. Mortality due to transport of the males in specially developed cages averaged 4.5% for 72-hour-old adults and 2.5% for 24-hour-old adults. The average mortality due to transport and field exposure of pupae was 1.2 to 9.8%, depending on the technique used.

Animals↗