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Biomedical subjects

R E Primosch

Publications and source records attributed to R E Primosch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Sealant use and placement techniques among pediatric dentists.

BACKGROUND: Pit and fissure sealant use varies widely among dentists. The authors conducted a survey to determine the current variations and patterns of sealant placement among pediatric dentists. METHODS: The authors mailed a 20-question survey to American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry members from six states, who represented one-third (1,210) of the membership, as well as to all 52 pediatric dentistry departments in U.S. dental schools. The authors examined selection criteria, placement techniques, evaluation methodologies, and the one- and three-year estimated success and reapplication rates of sealant placement. RESULTS: The response rates were 70 percent for practitioners and 90 percent for dental schools. Approximately 80 percent of respondents said they sealed caries-free and questionable carious surfaces. Only 20 percent of the respondents said they sealed incipient carious surfaces; none said they would seal overt caries. Surface preparation was used always or sometimes by 87 percent of the respondents. The estimated one- and three-year sealant retention rates were 89 percent and 78 percent, respectively, for practitioners and 83 percent and 71 percent, respectively, for dental schools. CONCLUSIONS: The survey demonstrated wide variations in selection criteria, placement techniques and evaluation methodologies, yet showed remarkable similarities between practitioners and dental schools. The reported retention rates were consistent with those reported in the literature. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The survey results suggested that pediatric dentists were searching for evidence-based selection criteria and a technique protocol for sealant placement that improved clinical success. The wide technique variations reported were likely a result of training diversity, diagnostic uncertainty, technique and material sensitivity, and an attempt to improve the success rate.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2001

Oral manifestations of Menkes' kinky hair syndrome.

Menkes' Kinky Hair Syndrome (MKHS) comprises an array of clinical manifestations including hair shaft abnormalities, epidermal hypopigmentation, and progressive cerebral degeneration that are transmitted as an X-linked recessive disorder affecting copper transport pathways in primarily young males. The oral manifestations of MKHS are scantly reported to include the presence of gingival enlargement and delayed eruption of primary teeth. The purpose of this report is to present a case of MKHS describing the intraoral clinical findings.

Gingival Overgrowth↗
PubMed1996

Pain elicited during intraoral infiltration with buffered lidocaine.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of buffered lidocaine with self reporting of pain elicited during maxillary labial and palatal infiltrations of permanent canines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A standardized, prospective clinical trial of adult volunteers using a cross-over design of 20 paired injections using conventional 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine as the control. RESULTS: Failed to establish a significant reduction in pain scores for either injection site when buffered lidocaine was injected intraorally.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Operatory ventilation and scavenger evacuation rate influence on ambient nitrous oxide levels.

Investigations have shown that greater than Federally-recommended levels of ambient nitrous oxide often exist in the dental workplace. The purposes of this investigation were to examine the influences of (1) operatory ventilation rate and (2) scavenger evacuation rate on ambient nitrous oxide concentrations within a closed dental operatory. This laboratory investigation utilized a scavenging nasal mask assembly (Porter/Brown) to deliver 40% nitrous oxide in oxygen, at a total flow rate of 5 L/min, to a mannequin positioned supinely in a dental chair. Eight experimental groups were assigned based on combinations of operatory air exchange rates (0, 5, 10, or 15 room air changes per hour) and scavenger evacuation rates (18.8 L/min and 21.4 L/min). Ambient nitrous oxide levels were monitored at four locations (0, 15.3, 30.7, and 61.4 cm) from the nasal mask by means of an infrared spectrophotometer (Miran 1B). The operatory air exchange rate was measured with a flow hood (Short Ridge) and manipulated to one of the desired ventilation rates. Time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of ambient nitrous oxide (ppm) were continuously recorded at 15-second intervals with a microprocessor (DL332F Datalogger) connected directly to a microcomputer. The results demonstrated that significantly reduced (p < 0.05) ambient nitrous oxide levels were achieved with increasing room air exchange rates and the high scavenger evacuation rate. It was concluded that operatory ventilation and scavenger evacuation rates were significant control measures available for reduction of ambient nitrous oxide to Federally recommended levels.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1993

The efficacy of preoperative analgesic administration for postoperative pain management of pediatric dental patients.

Appropriate pain-management strategies for children receiving dental care continue to be poorly delineated. Recent studies have demonstrated the benefit of preoperative analgesic administration upon alteration of the postoperative pain experience in adults. It is the purpose of this study to assess the efficacy of preoperative administration of acetaminophen on the prevalence of postoperative pain-related behaviors and the frequency of postoperative analgesic use in 4- to 10-year-old children following various dental procedures. The results indicate a high prevalence of postoperative pain, independent of the type of dental procedure performed and the preoperative administration of acetaminophen. There is a trend toward reduced postoperative pain in the acetaminophen pretreatment groups. A greater sample size, with more reliable pain-assessment methods, may help to further elucidate the efficacy of preoperative analgesic administration in children. The clinician should be alerted to the potential for pain-related behaviors to occur following routine pediatric dental care.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1991

Influence of operatory size and nitrous oxide concentration upon scavenger effectiveness.

Concern regarding environmental health hazards for dental personnel chronically exposed to waste nitrous oxide (N2O) prompted this investigation. The influence on ambient N2O levels of scavenging, operatory size, and N2O concentration delivered to the patient was evaluated during treatment of 36 pediatric dental patients. The results showed that scavenging significantly reduced ambient N2O levels measured at 50-56 cm from the patient's nose. Scavenged ambient N2O levels were also observed to decrease when N2O concentrations administered to the patient were reduced from 50 to 30%. This concentration effect was not observed in the non-scavenged groups. ANOVA showed that operatory size exerted a non-significant influence on ambient N2O. The data collected during routine treatment of pediatric dental patients demonstrated that the scavenging system tested significantly reduced waste N2O in the operator's breathing zone, nearly approximating the 25-ppm recommendation established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

Therapeutic recommendations for aphthous ulcerations in children.

The purpose of this article is to formulate a systematic means for treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcerations in children. Remedies showing the most merit and ease of use while at the same time exhibiting minimal side effects were evaluated for applicability in a systematic approach to the management of aphthous ulcerations. These remedies include nutritional and vitamin supplementation, topical anesthesia, and debriding, anti-inflammatory, and protective agents. A protocol for the management is presented. Both systemic and topical management techniques are outlined. Many products are available and their rationale and mechanism of action are described.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1986

Distribution and retention of salivary fluoride from a sodium fluoride tablet following various intra-oral dissolution methods.

The distribution and retention of salivary fluoride were investigated according to the following intra-oral dissolution methods of a sodium fluoride tablet: active chewing/swishing, active sucking/swishing, and passive dissolution in the maxillary and mandibular labial vestibule. The results suggested that the oral cavity was somewhat compartmentalized, in that homogeneous distribution of a dissolved fluoride tablet did not occur throughout the mouth, but rather each site sampled was influenced by various rates of clearance and retention. Tablet chewing may have an advantage over tablet sucking in terms of salivary fluoride retention, and there was a tendency for fluoride to be preferentially retained in the maxillary labial vestibule following swishing. The passive tablet dissolution methods resulted in a less homogeneous distribution of fluoride. Although the fluoride retention values for passive dissolution were impressively superior to either active dissolution method, the alarmingly high salivary fluoride concentrations (4000 ppm F) recorded at the passive dissolution sites should discourage its use until the potential cytotoxicity of this approach is thoroughly investigated.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Effect of family structure on the dental caries experience of children.

It was the purpose of this study to investigate several variables in family structure which might influence the caries experience in 3-12-year-old children for Central Oklahoma. These variables, which included parental age at marriage and at birth of the child for both mother and father, birth rank, family size, and age span differences between the siblings, were investigated in an attempt to identify those children at greatest risk to dental caries formation. It was suggested that differences in the caries experience for children from various family structures might be the result of the families' socioeconomic status and its influence upon the child's dietary habits. Because dental caries is a multifactorial disease complex governed by so many factors, single correlations between variables in family structure and a child's caries prevalence are not necessarily sufficient by themselves to form a basis for selection of high risk children. It should not be overlooked that subtle differences in family structure, however, may have significant consequences for a particular individual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Tetracycline discoloration, enamel defects, and dental caries in patients with cystic fibrosis.

The prevalence, distribution, and interrelationship between tetracycline discoloration, enamel defects, and dental caries was determined in 86 patients with cystic fibrosis (age 3 to 24 years). The dental caries experience was compared to control subjects matched for sex, race, exposure to optimally fluoridated water, chronologic age, and dental age. The findings indicate a high prevalence of tetracycline discolorations and enamel defects but a significantly reduced dental caries experience in these patients. However, interrelationships between these three factors were not strikingly evident. The presence of an altered oral health status in cystic fibrosis patients and the increased prevalence of this disease due to recent therapeutic and diagnostic advances in its management suggest the need for further familiarization with the dental manifestations of cystic fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Pseudobattering of Vietnamese children (cao gio).

The case of a Vietnamese child who was subjected to the folk medicine practice of cao gio by his father after a routine dental extraction is described. The practice and the clinical appearance are discussed to distinguish it from child abuse.

Child↗